Instructions for use of continuous action herbicide Glyphosate

Non-selective herbicides are used to clear an area of ​​all types of vegetation. The leader among such products is Glyphosate, a systemic, contact herbicide that appeared in 1970 in the USA and has become popular throughout the world. It made it possible to abandon the regular removal of unnecessary plants by mechanical means. After many years of use, the negative aspects of the drug’s action became known, but this did not reduce the demand for the herbicide.

Chemical characteristics and purpose of Glyphosate

The formula patented by Monsanto was the result of the work of biochemist D. Franz, who studied the effect of phosphorus-containing substances on plants and methods of killing weeds.

The resulting compound is N-(phosphonomethyl)-glycine, a derivative of the glycine amino acid. As a result, the drug has the following properties:

• herbicidal – destroys perennial, annual, and cereal weeds, has a contact and systemic effect;
• arboricide – suppresses the growth and reproduction of woody plants (shrubs, trees);
• desiccant is a pesticide used for drying (removing excess moisture from tissues) of cultivated cereals to facilitate harvesting.

Glyphosate is used to remove unwanted vegetation of any kind. It is used in harvested fields to remove the remains of cultivated plants and weeds, and to remove rhizomes in the ground.

In urban and road management, the herbicide is used to clean house areas and courtyards, roadsides, and areas along main pipelines and railway lines.

Information: Glyphosate is recommended for use in small areas - dachas, in subsidiary plots.

Available in canisters with a capacity of from liter to 20 with an active substance content of 36-45%. There is also a drug in the form of crystals in soft plastic. Analogs are Glyphos, Fighter, Roundup, Typhoon.

The principle of action of a continuous action herbicide

The drug is a contact drug; it begins to act upon pollination and contact with the ground part of plants.Subsequently, it demonstrates a systemic effect - it is distributed along conducting channels into all tissues, including the root.

Internal exposure inhibits the synthesis of amino acids, slows down and stops the development of the plant, provoking its death. After Glyphosate particles are washed into the soil by precipitation or when watering, it is not absorbed by the roots.

The substance is white crystals. To facilitate dissolution in water, glyphosate is used in the form of a salt, usually isopropylamine.

Obvious signs of herbicide exposure are yellowing of the leaves, which become soft, limp, and without turgor. The plant dries out, wrinkles, and dies.

Of the trees, only coniferous species show resistance to the action of the herbicide. Glyphosate destroys weeds and cultivated vegetation without choice, this is how its continuous effect is manifested.

What weeds does it help against?

The action of Glyphosate extends to weeds, annual and perennial - with powerful rhizomes and stems. It eliminates weeds growing along irrigation canals - reeds, sylvestris.

The herbicide has a strong effect on the following types of vegetation:

• oregano;
• clover;
• bluegrass;
• creeping wheatgrass;
• foxtail;
• nettle;
• timothy grass;
• mouse peas.

The herbicide has a moderate effect on the following types of weeds:

• buttercup;
• sagebrush;
• St. John's wort;
• cane;
• burdock;
• hogweed;
• thistle;
• broadleaf cattail.

With the help of Glyphosate, poplar, linden, alder, and birch can be removed from the territory.

Degree of toxicity

The drug is classified as Group 3 hazardous substances and is not considered highly toxic to humans and animals. A negative effect of the herbicide on soil humus and some (insufficiently confirmed) connection with the development of skin cancer have been established.

Dosage calculation and consumption rate

The dosage of the herbicide is selected according to the type of weed, the density of the weed and the timing of development. Approximate norms for different types of crops:

Culture	Volume of Glyphosate in liters per hectare	Deadlines
Vineyards, gardens	2-4 annual weeds 4-8 perennial	Spring-early summer with protection of cultural plantings
Potato	2-3	Before germination
Fields for cereals, vegetables, oilseeds, melons   Couples	2-4 annual weeds 4-8 perennial 6-8 persistent perennials	After harvesting, 2-4 weeks before sowing   During active weed growth
Desiccation of grains	2-3	14 days before cleaning

When spraying from the ground, the consumption is 100-200 liters of the finished mixture per hectare, when aerial treatment is used - 50-100 liters per hectare.

Instructions for use

It is allowed to treat fields with herbicide using ground sprayers and agricultural aircraft.

Most crops require a one-time weed control application. It is performed when there is no threat of precipitation or morning dew, and the air temperature does not fall below 15 °. Directions for use:

• fields - in fallows or stubble (can be sown after 2-4 weeks);
• for tree species - into cuts on the trunk, by spraying the foliage;
• gardens – targeted spraying of weeds.

Preparative forms are diluted according to the instructions with water, based on the standards for this type of vegetation.

Period of protective action

The herbicide does not allow the rhizomes of perennials to recover during the entire growing season; at high spray rates, it completely destroys them. Annual grasses are killed by Glyphosate, but the drug does not affect the seeds. The young generation of weeds can appear from seeds.

Impact speed

Vegetation treated with Glyphosate dies within a month. The growth season stops and signs of damage appear on annual weeds after 2-4 days, on perennials – after 7-10 days.

Increased air and soil humidity and low temperature reduce the activity of the herbicide.

Possibility of resistance

Evidence of the emergence of resistance to Glyphosate in protected crops has been recorded. This made it possible to create soybean varieties that are resistant to the herbicide. Based on the protein found in soybeans, varieties of other crops have been developed - sunflower, potatoes, which have become transgenic.

Weeds do not develop resistance.

Safety precautions

When preparing the solution and spraying the herbicide, you must follow the usual rules for working with agrochemicals:

• prepare the solution at special sections;
• wear protective equipment - glasses, suit, boots;
• exclude contact of the mixture with children, animals, and products.

If symptoms of poisoning appear, rinse the stomach and drink sorbents. In case of contact with skin, wash thoroughly.

Compatibility with other tools

The drug can be used in combination with the following drugs:

• dicamba;
• atrazine;
• 2,4-D.

There is experience in using Glyphosate with other herbicides (Metribuzin, Simazine).

How to store it correctly

The herbicide remains active in unopened packaging for 5 years. Storage - in storage rooms and special warehouses at temperatures from -1 ° to +35 °.

Non-selective herbicides eliminate the tedious methods of removing weeds using manual or mechanical weeding. It is important to use glyphosate correctly, not to exceed dosages, and to use it within the recommended time frame. Then the negative impact of the herbicide when killing weeds will be reduced to a minimum.