The best varieties, rules for planting and growing cucumbers in open ground in Siberia

Siberia occupies most of the territory of Russia; the weather in this area does not imply the cultivation of crops. Growing cucumbers in Siberia is complicated by unfavorable weather conditions. Since the warm weather does not last for a relatively long time, this time is not enough for the full growing season of cucumbers. Most often, this crop is grown in northern latitudes in greenhouse conditions. When to plant cucumbers in the north to get a good harvest? To grow cucumbers you will have to work hard.

How to choose the right variety for growing

The most important thing you need to pay attention to when growing cucumbers for seedlings in northern latitudes is the choice of variety. Currently, breeders have managed to develop varieties that can tolerate cold weather and sudden temperature changes. When choosing planting material, you need to rely on indicators such as government analyzes and zoning in the northern regions. Such cucumber seeds are more persistent and can bring a good harvest even when planting cucumbers in open ground.

What varieties are considered the best for Siberia?

The best varieties of cucumbers for Siberia:

• Altai

Altai is an early ripening variety suitable for Siberia. Pollinated by bees. You can plant both in greenhouse shelters and in vegetable garden beds. The main difference is resistance to sudden drops in temperature. Immunity to diseases is average. Ripe fruits are suitable for whole pickling.

• Altaic

Cucumbers grow well even with sudden drops in temperature. An early ripening variety, vegetables ripen en masse. Growing cucumbers in open ground is preferable. Vegetables can be used to make fresh salads.

• Cascade and Mig

These two varieties of cucumbers have similar characteristics. It can be grown both in garden beds and in greenhouse conditions. The yield is high; from 1 square meter you can collect from 7 to 15 kg of fruit. The shape of cucumbers is elongated, cylindrical. From time to time, bushes need the application of mineral and organic fertilizers. Used for summer salads and pickling.

• Claudia F1

First generation hybrid.In Siberia, cucumbers are planted in open ground. Plants are self-pollinating. Productivity can reach up to 26 kg from several bushes. There is no bitterness in the taste, the vegetables are covered with small tubercles. Ripe cucumbers can be put in salads and also salted.

• Herman F1

Also a first generation hybrid. Like Claudia, it is a self-pollinating variety that is suitable for growing in Siberia. Productivity is high due to this. Refers to early varieties. Herman's main advantage is its resistance to many cucumber diseases. Seedlings are planted in May. Cucumbers can be preserved whole and added to salads.

• Manul

Cucumbers of domestic selection. The fruits are elongated and can reach 25 cm in length. Ripening begins 70-80 days after planting the seeds; the inflorescences can only be pollinated by bees. Very productive. The bushes themselves are female plants; pollinator varieties will have to be planted.

• Miranda F1

The main advantage of this cucumber variety is its resistance to frost and powdery mildew. Cucumbers can be grown on any soil, but the best harvest can be obtained if the seedlings are planted on fertile soil.

What are the best productive varieties?

The most productive varieties of cucumbers:

• Firefly;
• Serpentine;
• Gusto;
• Champion;
• Apogee F1;
• Brigantine F1.

These varieties of cucumbers can be grown in a greenhouse or in open ground.

When to plant cucumbers in Siberia

For planting in the Siberian climate, it is important to choose the correct timing for planting cucumber seedlings. Summer here is much shorter compared to the southern regions. When to sow seeds for seedlings and how to choose planting dates for 2018?

You can sow cucumber seeds in heated polycarbonate greenhouses in April. The most favorable time is mid-April.For cultivation in open ground in Krasnoyarsk, it is better to choose the beginning of May.

Cultivation of cucumbers in a greenhouse and greenhouse in Siberia

How to grow cucumbers in the difficult climatic conditions of Siberia? Not every gardener can afford to build a greenhouse, so you have to come up with ways to grow cucumbers in open ground. First of all, you need to know the peculiarities of cultivating this crop.

Features of growing cucumbers:

• Until the air temperature drops to +15 degrees, the plant will actively grow and develop. As soon as the average daily temperature drops, growth stops.
• The roots are the most susceptible to cold snap and frost, so you need to think about mulch after the seedlings have been planted.
• Seedlings and adult plants need to be regularly fed with mineral and organic fertilizers.
• Plants can form nodes. They can simultaneously form both female and male inflorescences, tendrils, side lashes and leaves. If the humidity level increases, then a separate plant can form from such a node.
• If the soil acidity level is below pH 5.6, this can negatively affect the health of vegetables. Loamy soils are also not suitable for planting. They do not allow the root system to develop normally, which in turn leads to poor absorption of water by the roots.

The soil for growing cucumbers in a greenhouse must be prepared in advance. For this purpose, a special pillow is made, which consists of manure and straw. Manure and straw are mixed, soil is filled in, and then another layer of soil is poured. Only after this can the seedlings be planted in the soil.

It is impossible to grow plants in the same place for several years in a row.If the greenhouse is small, you will have to change the location of the cucumber beds every year. If this is not done, the soil will be depleted and the yield of cucumbers will be low.

Planting cucumbers in a greenhouse occurs predominantly vertically. To do this, metal or wooden beams are attached to the ceiling of the greenhouse, strong threads or a special mesh are tied to them, which are secured to the beams located in the ground.

Each plant should have its own support. This way the bushes will not interfere with each other and grow normally. If the whiskers cling to adjacent supports, then they must be carefully removed and directed to their place.

To grow cucumbers, they need to be disinfected before planting seeds in open ground. To do this, dilute potassium permanganate in warm water, pour in the planting material and leave it in the water for 20 minutes. Then dry it to a loose state and plant it in the soil.

Growing cucumbers in a polycarbonate greenhouse cannot be done without monitoring the level of humidity and air temperature in the greenhouse. The temperature should not be less than +15, but not more than +24. If vegetables are grown in the warm season, then the greenhouse window must be opened periodically.

It is recommended to water cucumbers frequently, but you should not overwater them. If the humidity is too strong, they may develop powdery mildew and rot.

In order to get the most delicious fruits from cucumbers, the bushes should be fertilized regularly. The soil is sprinkled with wood ash and compost. You can also dilute bird droppings and nettle decoction and water the beds with this solution.

Cultivation of cucumbers in open ground in Siberia

How to properly plant cucumbers for open ground in Siberia? You need to approach sowing responsibly.Before planting seedlings, you should prepare the soil for this. You can start preparing in the fall, immediately after harvesting from the plot.

After the last harvest of cucumbers from the beds has been harvested, the soil needs to be cleared of weeds and dug up. Apply manure to the soil and dig again. In the spring, dig up the soil again and sprinkle it with wood ash.

Next, you can plant the seedlings in the soil. Make beds, then dig shallow holes. Plant the seedlings and cover them with soil. There is no need to deepen the seedlings. Pour over warm water. At night, the beds with seedlings are covered with thick cloth.

You can plant seedlings in the ground only after the nights become warm and there are no frosts. As a rule, this is the end of May - beginning of June. When the plants begin to grow, you will need to form a bush. To do this, the main stem above the 5-6 leaves should be pinched. This applies only to bee-pollinated varieties.

Caring for cucumbers in Siberia

With good care, the yield can be increased significantly. Care should be regular and include:

• Loosening the soil;
• Weed removal;
• Application of mineral and organic fertilizers;
• Watering;
• Disease prevention;
• Inspecting bushes for the presence of harmful insects and diseases.

Feeding is the most important thing to remember. The first feeding is done a few weeks after planting in a permanent place.

Next, fertilizing in the beds with cucumbers is applied every 10 days to the moist soil. Cucumbers are one of the types of agricultural crops in which the growth of leaf mass, the formation of inflorescences and fruits occurs simultaneously throughout the season. Therefore, throughout the growing season, cucumbers need nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.

The following nutrient compositions can be used as fertilizer:

• Dilute 1 kg of mullein in 10 liters of warm water. Leave the solution for 10 minutes. And then water the cucumber beds with it.
• Dilute chicken manure also in water (in a ratio of 1:10).
• Collect weeds that grow on the site and fill them with warm water. Leave for 10 hours. Then pour the cucumbers under the root.
• Periodically, before watering, the beds can be sprinkled with wood ash. You can sprinkle the cucumbers themselves with ash.
• You can also use ready-made mineral mixtures as fertilizers. You can purchase special mixtures for fertilizing cucumbers.

They can be alternated.

An important factor is prevention against diseases and pests. Cucumbers need to be inspected every week. If yellow leaves appear, they should be immediately torn off and destroyed, and the plants themselves should be watered with Fitosporin. You can treat the bushes with a solution of iodine or brilliant green. For 1 liter of water you need to take a bottle of iodine and pour this solution over the beds with cucumbers.

In order to repel pests, vegetables are sprayed with a solution of ammonia and warm water. Ammonia will also promote nitrogen production. They can also be sprayed with a decoction of valerian officinalis root. Most insects cannot tolerate the smell of valerian.

Watering beds with cucumbers should be done frequently, but in moderation. Plants love moist, but not flooded soil. If there are prolonged rains for a long time, then watering should be postponed until then. Until the soil is completely dry. If the soil moisture is too high, the cucumbers may begin to hurt.

Reviews from gardeners about growing cucumbers in Siberia

Reviews from gardeners:

Veronica, 33 years old

“I live in Krasnoyarsk, and it can be very difficult to grow cucumbers in the summer, especially if there is no greenhouse. I try my best to provide favorable conditions for the harvest. But this is not always possible.”

Konstantin, 45 years old

“I grew cucumbers in open ground for several years. Sometimes it was possible to get a good harvest, and sometimes not. Over time, I decided that the best option would be to build a greenhouse for growing cucumbers. Plants are grown mainly in the summer, but in greenhouse conditions. Now I’m happy with the harvest.”