List of 37 representatives of the Salmon family, what the fish look like and where they live

Representatives of the Salmon family are considered one of the most common inhabitants of the oceans and other bodies of water. Their wide distribution is due to the fact that such fish feel equally good in both sea and fresh water. The most common subspecies of such fish include salmon, trout, pink salmon, and coho salmon. However, there are other varieties of such individuals.

Subfamily Salmonidae

The subfamilies of the order Salmonidae include seven genera. The characteristic features of such individuals include a developed jaw, on which there are sharp teeth, and small scales covering the body.

Clark's Salmon

This fish is distinguished by red stripes that run along the lower jaw. The body is characterized by a gray or yellowish-green color. Such individuals grow up to 75 centimeters and weigh 6-8 kilograms. This fish is very popular among fishermen.

Pink salmon

Pink salmon are characterized by high commercial value, especially in the Far East. The meat reaches a fat content of 7.5%. This fish is considered the smallest among the representatives of the Salmon family that live in the Far East. Usually its weight does not exceed 2 kilograms. The standard body size of pink salmon is 70 centimeters. Its body is covered with small scales of a silvery hue.

The color of pink salmon is affected by its habitat. In the sea, the fish is distinguished by its silvery color. At the same time, her tail is complemented by small dark dots. The body of pink salmon, which is found in rivers, is covered with dark spots. They are located on the sides and head. Males develop a hump during breeding. At the same time, the jaws become longer and take on a curved shape.

Sevan trout

These individuals are found in Lake Sevan. There is also a pass-through form. Large fish grow up to 90 centimeters and weigh up to 17 kilograms.

Italian trout

This fish is found in an Italian lake. On average it reaches 35 centimeters. Italian trout leads a bottom-dwelling lifestyle. It is listed in the Red Book.

Char

All types of char are considered valuable commercial fish.They contain many minerals. In addition, this fish has a wonderful taste. Representatives of this species are large and grow up to 90 centimeters. Moreover, their weight is 15-16 kilograms. Char is found in cold waters.

The following varieties of this fish are distinguished:

1. Arctic - characterized by a gray body with a dark blue back. The top of the body is covered with spots. The color of Arctic char changes during breeding.
2. White - found in fresh water bodies of the Far East. This individual is distinguished by a greenish or brown tint and is covered with small spots. The snout is short and the cavity is green.
3. Boganidsky - contains more polyunsaturated fatty acids than other types of sea fish. Char is characterized by slow growth. Therefore, fishing is limited at the legislative level.
4. Lake char-cristivomere is considered one of the largest representatives of char. The maximum size of this fish is 1.5 meters and its weight is 33 kilograms.
5. Chukotka - considered a Far Eastern fish, which is distinguished by a cylindrical body. It has a silvery-white color and red fins.
6. Yakut - representatives of this species have a dark shade and stripes on the sides. This individual has a narrow body.

Red salmon

During spawning, this fish is characterized by a red body and a large jaw. Sockeye salmon reaches a length of 80 centimeters and weighs 1.5-3 kilograms. The fillet of these individuals is distinguished by a bright shade. It is colored by carotenes from crustaceans, which are included in the diet of sockeye salmon. Its meat contains a lot of fat.

Sima

This fish is found in coastal Pacific waters. The length of such individuals reaches 65 centimeters, and their weight is 6-8 kilograms.The anadromous variety of cherry salmon is larger in size. The oval body is covered with black spots.

Sakhalin taimen

These individuals reach impressive sizes. They reach 1 meter. The weight is 24 kilograms. The characteristic features of this fish include large scales. Taimen is listed in the Red Book and belongs to the second group of rarity. That's why you can't catch him.

American palia

This representative of the Salmon family was relocated to natural reservoirs. The American palia is characterized by a rounded body. She has a brown back with light spots. The length of the fish is more than 30 centimeters. There are also very large specimens, whose body length exceeds 120 centimeters and weighs 10 kilograms. This fish is often used in cooking.

Rainbow trout

The color corresponds to the habitat. At the same time, on the body of the rainbow trout there is a longitudinal strip of bright color. The length of the fish reaches 90 centimeters, and the weight is 7-9 kilograms. Rainbow trout are artificially bred. At the same time, the meat contains protein, which is easily digestible.

Taimen

This is the largest fish that belongs to the Salmon family. It is called a residential individual, which does not leave the boundaries of its body of water. Taimen are characterized by a long, elongated body and a head flattened on the sides. The mouth is very wide and opens all the way to the gill openings. The teeth are arranged in several rows and curve inward.

The body of the taimen is covered with small, dense scales, which are distinguished by a silvery color. It is complemented by many pea-sized round black spots. The pectoral and dorsal fins are grayish in color, and the anal fins are bright red. During the mating season, adults acquire a copper-red hue.After the eggs are fertilized, it becomes normal.

Chinook

According to visual characteristics, Chinook salmon is similar to large salmon. She looks like a torpedo. Chinook salmon is a valuable and large fish, which is considered a representative of the Far Eastern Salmon. The average length of the fish reaches 90 centimeters. In favorable conditions, individuals can grow up to 180 centimeters. The mass is 60 kilograms.

The dorsal fin and back of the fish are supplemented with small black spots. Puberty in Chinook salmon begins at 4-7 years. During the mating season, the light color is replaced by pink, burgundy and purple. At the same time, the teeth grow, the jaws of males become deformed, and the body takes on an angular shape. However, the hump does not appear.

Flathead trout

Representatives of this species reach a length of 50 centimeters. They engage in bottom hunting. Individuals are on the verge of extinction and therefore have protected status. It is prohibited to catch this fish.

Adriatic trout

This individual is found in rivers with fast currents. At the same time, it lives at depth and grows up to 70 centimeters. The weight of the fish reaches 1-5 kilograms. However, sometimes larger individuals are found that weigh up to 12 kilograms.

Lenok

This fish can be river or lake. It is distinguished by a rounded body covered with small scales. The shade allows fish to camouflage in their habitat. Lenok grows up to 40-70 centimeters. Moreover, its weight is 4-8 kilograms. This fish is an object of sport fishing.

Separately, it is worth considering the uskucha or the blunt-faced lenok. Individuals differ in length, which can be 25-35 centimeters. At the same time, there are also larger individuals that reach 50-55 centimeters. The mass of individuals usually does not exceed 1.5 kilograms.Moreover, the most massive specimens reach 5 kilograms. The lifespan of such fish is 10 years.

Trout Gil

This fish has a yellow body covered with spots. Moreover, its length reaches 50 centimeters. Sport fishing is permitted, but there are some restrictions.

Coho salmon

Coho salmon belongs to the Far Eastern Salmonidae. It contains less fat compared to other individuals - no more than 6%. Previously, coho salmon was called white fish. It is also called silver salmon. Spawning of coho salmon begins later than other fish. This period falls on September-March. Coho salmon can also breed under the ice crust.

Females and males acquire a dark crimson color during spawning. Coho salmon reach sexual maturity at 2-3 years of age. The fish is considered the most heat-loving representative of salmon found in the Pacific Ocean. Recently, its population has suddenly decreased. The standard size of coho salmon is 80 centimeters. In this case, the weight usually does not exceed 7-8 kilograms. Individual specimens can weigh 14 kilograms.

Neiva

This lake fish looks very attractive. She has a long silver body. During reproduction, the neiva becomes yellow or red-brown. At the same time, her body is covered with crimson spots. The length of this Salmon species reaches 65 centimeters. However, the fish is not valuable from a commercial point of view.

Svetovidova's longfinned palia

These individuals are small in size. Their length does not exceed 33 centimeters. The long-finned palia Svetovidov is included in the Red Book. It has a short snout with a protruding lower jaw, complemented by long teeth. The body has a dark gray color and a golden tint.

Marbled trout

This type of salmon is common in Bosnian, Montenegrin and Italian rivers. They reach a length of 70 centimeters. A characteristic feature of such individuals is their large head. They are distinguished by their silver or gray-green color. Brown stripes on the body form a characteristic pattern. Marbled trout meat has excellent taste and delicate texture. It goes on sale only in its habitat regions.

Salmon

This fish of the family has the best taste. It’s not for nothing that salmon is called king salmon. These individuals spawn in rivers, but they belong to marine species. In Russia, wild salmon lives in the Kara, Barents, White and Baltic seas. At the same time, the lake variety lives on the Kola Peninsula and Karelia. Currently, wild individuals are very rare.

Salmon is characterized by large scales of a silvery color. On the back it has a greenish or dark gray tint. At the same time, the abdomen is light. There are small black spots along the entire body.

Ohrid trout

These individuals are found exclusively in Lake Ohrid and its tributaries. In appearance they resemble rainbow trout. The length of such a fish reaches 70 centimeters, and its weight is 6.5 kilograms. The body is quite long. It is covered with silvery scales with multi-colored spots.

Brown trout

This fish is medium in size. Its length is 30-70 centimeters, and its weight is 5 kilograms. Brown trout are characterized by a dark, rounded back. The light gray body is covered with shiny scales with dark specks. In this case, the lower jaw protrudes forward.

Mexican golden trout

A characteristic feature of such individuals is their bright golden color, which is diluted with small blue spots. At the same time, the scales have a slight silvery tint.

Malma

This is a fairly common species of Salmon that is found in Arctic waters. It forages near rocky ground and in river mouths. Dolly Varden is characterized by red fins and an abdomen of the same color. Its spawning begins in the fall. At one time the fish lays up to 6000 eggs.

Kunja

The maximum size of this fish is 100 centimeters. Moreover, its weight does not exceed 11-12 kilograms. Kunja is a commercial species of migratory char.

Chum salmon

These large individuals grow up to 80 centimeters. Moreover, their weight is 9-15 kilograms. Chum salmon are found in the Pacific Ocean. It has a light gray color and dark fins. Chum salmon is characterized by dietary meat.

Whitefish

These individuals belong to the order Salmonidae. They are grouped into this group based on external characteristics. Separately, it is worth highlighting the Far Eastern representatives of the whitefish.

 

Valki

This is a species of river salmon. Several varieties of such individuals are found in a limited range. All valks have valuable meat.

Muksun

These individuals have a length of up to 70 centimeters and a body weight of up to 8 kilograms. Muksun is found in Siberian rivers. It is characterized by a small head and a high transition into a long body. The meat is quite fatty and contains minimal bones.

Peled

This fish reaches a length of 50 centimeters. Moreover, its weight is 5 kilograms. Peled is found in rivers and lakes. It is characterized by black spots on the caudal fin and head.

Cheer

The list of whitefish also includes whitefish. The average weight of these individuals reaches 2-4 kilograms.However, some specimens grow up to 16 kilograms. Chir is found in northern fresh water bodies. It is characterized by a small head and light scales.

Belorybitsy

This representative of the Salmon family has white meat. It is characterized by a high curve from head to back. In this case, the lower jaw protrudes forward. The length of the white fish is 120 centimeters, and its weight is 14 kilograms.

Passable whitefish

These individuals are characterized by protruding lips and a smooth head. The meat contains a fat-soluble form of vitamin A. Whitefish also has a high content of fatty acids.

vendace

The length of this fish reaches 20 centimeters, and its weight is 300 grams. The body is covered with large scales. At the same time, vendace is characterized by flat sides. This fish lives in lakes.

Tugun

This representative of the whitefish is considered freshwater. It is found in the rivers of Siberia. The length of the fish reaches 20 centimeters, and the weight does not exceed 100 grams.

Omul

This individual is found in Kamchatka. Its average weight is 800 grams. However, under favorable conditions the weight reaches 1.5 kilograms. The average length is 50 centimeters.

Grayling

This representative of the Salmon family is distinguished by its silvery color. A characteristic feature is a large fin covered with dull red spots. The grayling's back is dark gray in color. At the same time, there are small black spots on the sides.

The Salmon family is considered to be very diverse and includes many valuable species of fish. They differ in visual characteristics, habitat areas and meat properties.