Description of the President plum variety, growing and caring for the tree

Late-ripening President plum has won the recognition of gardeners due to its drought resistance, high productivity and transportability of the fruit. This plant is actively grown not only in garden plots, but also on an industrial scale. The variety of English selection is positioned as promising and reliable. In order for the President plum to bear fruit consistently and abundantly, you need to become familiar with its strengths and weaknesses, planting and care rules.

External description of the tree

President plum is characterized as a plant with an intensive growth rate and is not columnar. Every year the tree produces a large number of annual lateral branches, which requires regular thinning.

Trunk height and crown size

Stone fruit culture reaches a height of 3.5-4 meters. The seedlings are distinguished by their ability to quickly adapt to new conditions; their annual growth is 40 centimeters. The crown of young plantings is similar in appearance to a pyramid, but over time it acquires a spherical shape. In the first years, young growth is directed vertically upward; only after fruiting begins does it assume a horizontal position.

The bark on the President plum is distinguished by its gray-green color and smooth surface. Erect thick shoots are red-brown in color and lack pubescence. The frequently located lentils on the shoots are medium in size and white in color. The leaf blades are large, without pubescence, dark green in color and broadly rounded in shape.

Inflorescences of 2-3 flowers form. Their shape is pink, white in color, and large in size. The fruits are found mainly on bouquet branches.

Taste and type of fruit

The President plum variety is characterized as large-fruited; on average, their weight is 50 grams, but there are also specimens weighing 70 grams.The fruits are mostly one-dimensional, their shape is round, the skin is moderately dense, and there is a waxy coating. The color of plums as they ripen changes from green to blue with a hint of purple. The pulp is moderately elastic, the color is predominantly yellow.

The consumer and commercial qualities of the President plum are at a high level. Tender and sweet pulp has a slight sourness. The seed of the variety can be separated without much difficulty. The juice of the fruit is clear. Tasting rating of plum President out of 5 points 4.5.

The sugar content of the variety is 8.5%, acidity 2.46%, and dry matter 15.5%. The content of ascorbic acid in President plums per 100 grams is 6.12 milligrams.

Pros and cons of culture

Among the positive characteristics of the President variety, experienced gardeners note:

• large fruit;
• excellent taste of fruits;
• excellent presentation;
• sufficient degree of frost resistance;
• the harvested crop is not afraid of transportation over long distances;
• unpretentiousness to growing conditions;
• endurance to adverse environmental factors;
• self-fertility;
• high and stable yield.

But the President plum also has its drawbacks:

• the need for annual formation;
• tendency to gum;
• requires the installation of additional supports for fruiting branches;
• low level of resistance to plum moth, small aphids, and moniliosis.

Characteristics of the variety

Plum President is very popular among gardening enthusiasts; reviews about it are mostly positive.

Climate and growing regions

Due to its ability to quickly adapt to new conditions, this fruit variety can be actively cultivated in Siberia, the Urals, Ukraine, and Moldova.

Susceptibility to diseases and insects

If you follow all the recommendations regarding the cultivation of fruit crops, then the risk of developing dangerous diseases and invasion of harmful insects is minimized. Plum President is susceptible to diseases such as:

• Clusterosporiasis. Hole spot appears as brown spots not only on the fruits, but also on the leaves. The affected parts of the tree begin to dry out after some time. Treatment is carried out with copper oxychloride or 1% Bordeaux mixture.
• Fruit and gray rot. The disease is identified by ugly gray growths on the leaf blades of the plant and fruits. There is also a white or gray coating. Against rot on plums President use Bordeaux mixture 1%, Hom.
• Moniliosis. The disease is identified by the presence of a white coating on the fruit, drying out and falling leaves. They use the drug Horus against him.
• Gum discharge. The source of the problem is bark beetles. Plants are treated with a 1% copper solution.

Among the parasitic individuals that are often found on the President plum are:

• lacewing (drug Karbofos);
• aphids (soap-ash solution);
• codling moth (Karbofos).

Resistance to sub-zero temperatures and droughts

The President plum variety is positioned as a plant with a high level of frost resistance and drought resistance. The fruit crop is not afraid of dry weather and cold weather.

Pollinator varieties

For effective pollination of the President plum, plants such as Red Skorospelka, Mirnaya, Renklod Altan, and Kuibyshev Ternosliva are needed. Placing it near Amersom, Joyo, Herman, Renclad Khramov, Rusch Gestetter, as well as Rival, Kabardian early has a positive effect on the variety.

Flowering and ripening period

The flowering phase of the President plum occurs in mid-May.Large harvests can only be harvested in the second half of September. If the summer was not very favorable, then the fruits will ripen only by the end of September.

Productivity per tree

The plant begins to bear fruit only in the fifth year after planting in a permanent place. From a tree that is up to 10 years old, the harvest volume is almost 17 kilograms, subsequently 20-40 kilograms. Under favorable growing conditions and proper care, it is possible to remove almost 70 kilograms from one tree.

Transportability and use of the fruit

The President plum is distinguished by its good keeping quality of fruits, which are not afraid of transportation over long distances and retain their presentation for a long time. The purpose of the crop is universal; it is used for winter preparations, and for preparing compotes, desserts, and is also consumed fresh.

How to grow a plum on a plot

Proper planting of the President plum increases the chances of harvesting a bountiful harvest.

Disembarkation dates

Seedlings can be planted in autumn (October-late September) and spring (March-April). But it is best when planting work is carried out in the spring at an air temperature of 12 degrees.

Optimal place

In order for the ripened fruits to be sufficiently sweet, it is necessary to place the President plum in a well-lit meadow and protected from draft winds. Planting in wetlands and in places with close groundwater (up to 1.5 meters) is not permissible.

Recommended and contraindicated neighbors

Next to the President plum tree, only the apple tree gets along well. Other fruit trees are not suitable as neighbors for this variety. Of the berry bushes, the best option would be black currant; raspberries and gooseberries are also acceptable.

Preparation of planting material

It is recommended to purchase seedlings in the fall, when there are no leaves and you can best see the bark. There should be no traces of damage, signs of disease or rot. It is advisable to buy planting material from specialized retail outlets and nurseries. Such specimens are already adapted to specific conditions and can quickly take root in a new place.

To avoid freezing of the root system of the President plum, you should not transport it at temperatures below 6 degrees.

Landing technology

To create comfortable conditions for the growth and development of the President plum, you need to:

1. Prepare a hole 50-60 centimeters deep and 80 centimeters wide.
2. Stepping back 15-20 centimeters from the center, install a wooden peg. Its height above ground level should be 70-80 centimeters. This support will allow you to securely hold the young plant while it gets stronger.
3. Fill the hole with fertile soil mixture. It consists of soil extracted during digging of a hole, organic fertilizer (20 kilograms), superphosphate (500 grams).
4. Place the seedling, straighten its roots and sprinkle with soil substrate.
5. Fix the plant to the support.
6. Water the President plum with water (30-40 liters per plant).

Upon completion of planting work, it is recommended to mulch the tree trunk circle with rotted sawdust and grass.

How to care for a tree

Caring for the President plum consists of timely moistening, loosening the soil, removing weeds, and feeding procedures.

Irrigation and fertilization

Despite the fact that the President plum copes quite well with dry weather and lack of moisture, a large harvest is possible only if the standards and frequency of irrigation activities are observed. Using a drip irrigation system, the procedure is carried out once every 2 weeks. The consumption per garden planting in the first half of the summer season is 4 buckets of water, and in the second half – 2 buckets.

In spring, young plants need to be fed with a mixture of urea (20 grams) and ammonium nitrate (20 grams). For mature plantings over 5 years old, you need a nutritional composition of compost (1 bucket), simple superphosphate (60 grams), urea (25 grams) and potassium chloride (20 grams). After harvesting, top dressing of superphosphate (70 grams), wood ash (300 grams) and potassium salt (30 grams) is added to the soil. The amount of useful substances is calculated to process 1 square meter.

Tree trunk care

In order to prevent oxygen starvation of the President plum roots, the soil in the tree trunk circle must be loosened after each irrigation and rain.

If there are weeds, they must be removed, otherwise they will only take away not only useful components, but also moisture. The best option is to mulch the ground around the President plum tree with sawdust and peat.

Formation

Formative pruning of the President plum is performed in the first three years after planting. Branches and side shoots are shortened by 20 centimeters. Thanks to regular pruning, already in the fourth year the fruit tree will have a two-tier structure consisting of 6 main branches. With the right approach, the lateral branches of the President plum will be located at an angle of 45 degrees.

Preparing for winter: protection from rodents and whitewashing

The invasion of rodents is a serious threat to the President plum, especially the skeletal branches located in the lower tier, the trunk, and the underground part of the plant suffer from them. There are several effective ways to protect the President plum:

• whiten the fruit crop;
• install a metal mesh around the perimeter of the garden;
• treat the trunk of the President plum with a mixture of lard and tar;
• scatter peat chips soaked in kerosene over the area;
• wrap the plum trunk with glass wool or spruce branches;
• tie the plant stem with synthetic stockings.

In the spring, when warm weather sets in, additional protection should be removed from the trees.

Whitewashing of the President plum should be done before the onset of frost - in late autumn. Not only the plum trunk, but also its skeletal branches are subjected to processing. This technique allows you to disinfect the bark, destroy pathogenic microorganisms and eggs of parasitic individuals. In addition, due to their bitter taste, such plants cease to be prey for rodents; the trees increase their immunity and level of endurance to adverse environmental factors.

For these purposes, it is effective to use water-based or aniline paint; it is consumed at the rate of 0.7-1 liters per garden planting. The effect of this whitewash lasts for one year. Another whitewash option for the President plum consists of: lime (2-3 kilograms), copper sulfate (300 grams), clay (1 kilogram) and 10 liters of water. It is recommended to use chalk for treating young plants.

The President plum variety is rightfully one of the most promising plants. It is unpretentious, high-yielding and resistant to cold. The main thing is to adhere to the correct agricultural technology, and the result will not be long in coming.