Description of the best varieties of yellow plums, planting, cultivation and care

Yellow plum varieties are still rarely found in summer cottages. But in terms of taste, they are in no way inferior to ordinary blue varieties. Yellow-fruited varieties differ in terms of ripening and a number of other characteristics.

Advantages and disadvantages of yellow plum

The advantages of yellow-fruited fruit varieties include the following characteristics:

• Productivity is above average annually.
• Immunity to most diseases of fruit trees.
• Taste qualities of fruits.
• Most varieties survive frosty winters.
• Universal use in cooking.

The disadvantages of yellow plums include the thin skin of some varieties, which affects the keeping quality of the fruit. In addition, such hybrids are not suitable for most latitudes of Russia due to the fact that climatic conditions are not entirely suitable for growing trees.

Characteristics of early ripening species

The description of the yellow-fruited plum is important to study due to the fact that there are several main varieties based on ripening time. Early plums ripen in early summer, but after harvesting they are not stored for long.

Yellow Ball

A characteristic feature of the Yellow Ball hybrid is the taste of the fruit. They resemble a mixture of peach and pineapple. The fruits are small. From a distance, the tree may resemble sea buckthorn. The variety is frost-resistant, able to withstand frosts down to -50 degrees. The tree bears fruit in the third year after planting the seedling.

Altai Yubileinaya

On average, the weight of the fruit is 15 g. The fruits are elongated-oval. Unlike other varieties, Altai Yubileinaya has a richer skin tone. The skin is covered with a waxy coating. Ripe fruits are fragrant.

Amber Mlievskaya

Large-fruited variety, fruits weigh up to 70 g on average. The fruits have a regular round shape. The taste of the pulp is sweet with a grape flavor. The skin is thin, so after harvesting the fruits are not stored for a long time. The yield is about 55 kg.

Honey

The Medovaya hybrid tastes like flower honey, which distinguishes it from other yellow-fruited varieties. It may be noted that the fruits have a slight sour taste. The fruits are large, weighing on average 30-50 g, round in shape. The skin is thin, but at the same time dense with a waxy coating.

Mid-season varieties

Mid-season plum varieties begin to ripen towards the end of summer.

Such hybrids have a longer shelf life compared to earlier varieties.

Ochakovskaya white

Ochakovskaya Belaya is characterized by low resistance to frost. At the same time, the trees are shade-tolerant. The yield is low, but the variety is quite popular among gardeners. After all, it is difficult to find a more delicious plum than Ochakovskaya Belaya. The fruits ripen in early September. On average, the weight of fruit is 40-55 g.

Kompotnaya

Compotnaya plum is suitable for growing in central Russia. Fruit weighing 30-45 g, regular oval shape. The plum is sweet and sour, juicy and aromatic, the skin is thin. Productivity is high and stable. Ripe fruits are suitable for fresh consumption and for preparing preparations for the winter.

Late ripening

The advantage of late-ripening varieties is that after harvesting the fruits are stored for some time. But they are often inferior in taste to early and mid-early representatives.

Golden large

Large-fruited late hybrid, fruit weight is 40-50 g. The skin is pink-yellow, dense, slightly pubescent with a slight waxy coating. The first fruits ripen in early September.Large Golden plum is a partially self-fertile variety. The yield is average, up to 30 kg is collected from one tree. The golden large tree is winter-hardy; the tree tolerates frosts down to -35 degrees. In addition, the variety is resistant to drought and diseases.

Yellow Afaska

The fruits of the Yellow Afaska plum ripen in the second ten days of August. The fruits fully ripen in September. The tree is classified as medium-sized. The fruits are large, weighing from 45 g. The skin is dense, with a waxy coating. The stone is difficult to separate from the pulp.

The pulp is juicy and sweet to taste, with a sour aftertaste. The tree is winter-hardy and rarely suffers from fungal diseases.

Egg yellow

Egg yellow is considered one of the most ancient and rare varieties. This species is endowed with a large number of disadvantages and is grown mainly by collectors, and not by summer residents for harvest. The fruits are large and sour in taste. After harvesting, fruits are not stored for a long time. Plum is suitable for making compotes and marshmallows.

Svetlana

The advantage of the Svetlana variety is that there is no need to trim the crown every year. The hybrid is self-sterile; pollinator trees will have to be planted nearby. Fruit ripening continues until the last days of September. Fruiting begins in the 5th year after planting the seedling. On average, the weight of the fruit is 25 g. The seed is difficult to separate, the pulp is sugary with a sour taste.

Renklod Michurinsky

The maximum weight of Renklod Michurinsky plums is 35 g. The pulp is orange in color, juicy and sweet with a slight sourness. The bone is well separated from the pulp. The variety is productive, winter hardiness is high, fruiting is annual. The crown is medium dense, the tree is fast growing.

Khopty

The fruit is light yellow.There is a whitish coating of wax on the skin. Plums are small-fruited, weighing 15-20 g. There is a noticeable seam on the side of the skin. The skin is thinner than other varieties, the flesh is juicy, sweetish, and sometimes has a sour taste. The seed is large and is easy to separate from the pulp. Khopta plum is a self-sterile hybrid. Fruiting begins 2-3 years after planting the seedling.

Mountain

Mountain plum is a high-yielding variety that can withstand severe frosts. The crown is rounded, not thickened, the tree is medium-sized. The fruits are large, weight ranges from 28 to 47 g. The flesh is yellow, the shape of the plums is round. The pulp is sugary with a sour taste. The seed is difficult to separate from the pulp. The harvest ripens in the second ten days of August, the last fruits ripen in early September. The fruits are universal in use.

Large-fruited

Large-fruited plum varieties are considered the most popular. Which is not surprising, because every summer resident, growing fruit trees on his plot, tries to achieve maximum yield. And the larger the fruit grows, the better.

Gigantic

The main trunk belongs to the tall category and grows within 4 m. The crown is abundantly dense. After planting, a young seedling bears fruit in the 3rd, sometimes 4th year. Productivity ranges from 36-41 kg. Plums weighing 40 g. The skin is dense, the flesh is sweet and juicy.

Angelina

The hybrid called Angelina belongs to the tall category. The trunk can grow up to 3 m. The fruits are oval-shaped and large. The weight ranges from 113 g. The skin is dense and glossy. The pulp is juicy, tastes sweet and sour. The seed is small in size and easily separated from the pulp. Angelina begins to bear fruit in the 2nd year after planting.

The president

Plum President is prone to rapid growth. Anti-aging pruning will have to be done twice a year. The fruits are large, weighing from 50 to 100 g. The skin is dense, with a waxy coating. The pulp is sweet and easily separates from the seed. The tree can withstand frosts down to -25 degrees.

Starting

Plum Startovaya is winter-hardy; there is no need to cover the tree for the winter. It tolerates heat calmly, although in case of prolonged drought, additional watering may be required. The plum tree begins to bear fruit early. Up to 55 kg of crop is harvested from one tree. Plum Startovaya has a long shelf life, it is 3 weeks.

Self-fertile

Self-fertile varieties, compared to others, have a significant advantage. There is no need to plant a pollinator tree next to such a plant.

Golden ball

It is considered an early ripening variety. Belongs to the category of self-fertile. The first ripe fruits appear on the tree in July. The fruit has a sugary taste that is similar to peach. Weight ranges from 37 to 51 g. About 77 kg is collected from one tree.

Golden large

Large Golden plum is a winter-hardy and drought-resistant variety. In addition, plums are highly resistant to diseases. Productivity is late, the first fruiting begins in the 5th year after planting. Up to 27 kg of crop is harvested from one tree.

Covenant

The height of the tree is about 4 m; the plant bears fruit in the 4th year after planting. Flowering, like fruiting, is later. The weight of ripe plums is about 40 g. The shade of the skin turns from yellow to pinkish due to the sun. Ripening begins in the second half of August. Peel with a slight waxy coating.

Honey white

This variety is resistant to severe frosts.Fruit ripening occurs in late July - early August. The average fruit weight ranges from 40 to 55 g. 43 kg of harvest is harvested from one mature tree. When fully ripe, the peel takes on an orange tint.

What varieties of plums are best for the Moscow region and the middle zone?

Finding the best varieties of plums for the regions of the Moscow region and the middle zone is not as difficult as, for example, for the northern latitudes. Most varieties of the crop survive frosts in this climate.

Yakhontovaya

Yakhontovaya plum is a tall plant. The tree can reach 5-6 m in height. The crown is compact and wide. The fruits are round in shape, the peel is dense with a waxy coating. The pulp is juicy, the seed is easily separated. The weight of the fruit is 35-45 g. The taste of plums is sweet and sour. The tasting score is maximum and is 5 points out of 5.

Russian plum

Russian plum is an early ripening variety. The tree's yield is high and amounts to about 45 kg. The collected fruits, if they have not reached biological maturity, are capable of ripening. The fruits are large, weighing up to 55 g. The fruits are sweet and sour, the pulp is juicy. Skin with a white waxy coating. The disadvantage of the Russian plum is its rapid growth. After 2-3 years it is necessary to carry out anti-aging pruning.

Zlato Skifov

Zlato Skifov is not a variety of plum, but a type of cherry plum. But cherry plum is very similar in taste and appearance to plum, since it is a type of domestic crop. Zlato Skifov is a medium-sized plant, trees rarely grow more than 2 m. Flowering is abundant, the fruits are large, the weight is 40-55 g. A small seam can be seen on the skin. The skin is dense, covered with a white waxy coating.

Hungarian Bogatyrskaya

Hungarian Bogatyrskaya is a medium-sized, unthickened tree. Inflorescences are collected from 2-3 flowers.Ripe plums are ellipsoidal, weighing from 40 g. Maximum weight - 60 g. The skin is thick, with a thin waxy coating. The bone is small and practically cannot be separated from the pulp. The pulp is dense, greenish in color with a honey flavor.

Hungarian Bogatyrskaya is a frost-resistant variety. But it is difficult to tolerate prolonged drying of the soil.

Traveler

The fruits of the Traveler plum reach a weight of 20-35 g. The seam on the side is weakly pronounced. Skin with a waxy coating. The pulp is bright orange, soft, juicy. The skin is difficult to separate from the pulp. Traveler is a pollinating plum for some other varieties. The advantage of the variety is its resistance to severe frosts. Drought resistance is at an average level.

How yellow plum blossoms and bears fruit

Hybrids of plums with yellow fruits bloom in the same way as all other varieties. Cream-colored inflorescences. Fruiting depends on the variety. But most hybrids begin to bear fruit towards the end of summer or autumn.

Pollinators

Only self-sterile plum trees require pollinator trees. Such hybrids are selected according to flowering time. It is important that this period coincides with the flowering of the self-sterile variety. In addition, you can attract bees to the garden. To do this, the inflorescences are sprayed with water diluted with honey.

Disembarkation rules

All varieties of plums are planted according to the same principle. The process is not much different from other fruit trees:

• A few weeks before planting the seedlings, they begin to prepare the soil.
• Dig a hole, mix the top layer of soil with manure, wood ash and mineral fertilizers.
• The top layer of soil with fertilizers is poured to the bottom.
• After 3 weeks, they begin to plant the seedling.
• The tree is placed in a hole, the roots are carefully straightened and covered with soil.
• The earth is compacted near the trunk.

At the end of planting, the soil is watered generously with warm water. If necessary, drive a stake into the center of the hole and tie a seedling to it.

Deadlines

The optimal time for planting plum seedlings is September-October. You can plant a plum in the spring, but then it will begin to bloom in the year of planting, which will not have a very good effect on the yield. The advantage of the autumn procedure is that over the winter the seedling will have time to take root, and in the spring it will begin to actively grow with renewed vigor. It is not at all advisable to plant plums in summer.

Selecting a location and preparing the soil for planting

Plums prefer to grow in open sunny areas. Seedlings can also be planted in partial shade. The main thing is that the plant is in the shade for less of the day. Plums are not picky about soil. Light and fertile soils are suitable for normal seedling growth.

Planting scheme

The distance between neighboring trees should be at least 3 m. Especially if the plum is tall or has a spreading crown.

Agricultural technology and care

Thanks to constant tree care, you can achieve maximum yield. An annual seedling must be cared for regularly so that it grows healthy and subsequently bears many fruits.

Watering

Plums are not watered often. Some varieties that do not tolerate prolonged drought require additional moisture. In most cases, plums require 4 irrigations per season:

• The first watering is carried out in the first half of the season, when bud formation begins.
• The second time the plants are moistened during flowering.
• The third watering is carried out during the formation of ovaries and fruits.
• The last time the trees are irrigated is in the fall before the cold weather begins. This will prepare the plum for winter.

Plants should be watered only with warm water. One tree requires 5-8 liters of water. The amount of irrigation should be increased in the spring for seedlings. They can be watered every week. For one seedling, 3 liters of water is enough.

Top dressing

Feeding, like watering, is applied 4 times per season. In the first half of the season, plums need nitrogen. Nitrogen-containing fertilizers accelerate growth. Ammonium nitrate and complex fertilizers containing nitrogen are added to the soil. You can also use wood ash. In summer, trees need phosphorus and potassium. Superphosphate, bone meal, and ammophos are added to the soil. Nitrophoska is suitable for potash fertilizers. In autumn, manure and wood ash are added to the soil.

Mulching

Mulch the soil mainly in the fall. This measure allows you to protect the root system of the tree from frost. In addition, if you add mulch, the soil will be constantly saturated with nutrients and always moist.

Peat, manure, sawdust or straw are used as mulch. The layer should be at least 15 cm. Before mulching, the soil near the trunk is dug up and all weeds are removed. It is important to make sure that there are no weed roots left in the soil. Otherwise, after some time the weeds will appear on the site again.

Trimming

Not all plum varieties need pruning. Low-growing and not thickened hybrids can be pruned every 3 years. Vigorous plums require annual pruning. It is necessary to remove all young shoots and some branches. Leave 3-4 skeletal branches, cut off all the rest. In addition, the top is also removed. In the fall, sanitary pruning is carried out. Use sharp pruning shears to cut off dry and damaged branches. The cut sites are treated with a solution of potassium permanganate or iodine solution.However, it is advisable to process in all cases where branches have to be deleted.

Preparing for winter

Most plum varieties do not require significant preparation for winter. Many trees are quite capable of surviving severe frosts. The only thing you need to do is prune the plum before the onset of cold weather. Then it is advisable to dig up the soil and mulch the soil near the trunk.

In addition, the lower part of the trunk should be covered with dense material to prevent mice and other rodents from gnawing on the bark.

It is advisable to cover newly planted seedlings for the winter (even if this happened in the spring). Young plum trees are covered with spruce branches or wormwood.

Prevention and treatment measures

If you do not deal with plums, even hybrids with high immunity can contract diseases. Common drain problems include:

• scab;
• powdery mildew;
• rust;
• root cancer;
• moniliosis;
• fruit rot.

Plum treatment consists of treating trees with biological products, fungicides and folk remedies. Preventive methods include spraying plants with Bordeaux mixture in the spring and timely pruning of dry branches. Every autumn you need to burn fallen leaves. In addition, to prevent the appearance of insects after harvesting in the fall, the soil around the plant is dug up to a depth of 15-20 cm.

What problems can you encounter when growing

The main problem is the close planting of seedlings. Also, many gardeners ignore fertilizing and watering. It seems to them that since the plum bears fruit, then everything is fine. But if you do not take care of the plant, very soon the yield will begin to decline. Another problem is improper fit. It is not advisable to plant plum trees only where there is free space.It is important to choose a place where the plant will feel comfortable. You cannot plant plums in the shade.

Plum, like all stone fruits, tends to grow. Many gardeners prefer not to cut down young growth. And it is necessary to do this. After all, it takes all the nutrients, and the parent plant has nothing left.