When and how to prune roses correctly, care rules, feeding and watering

Organizing a beautiful garden is not an easy task. For example, some gardeners do not want to start growing roses at all because of stories about the capriciousness of these flowers. However, in reality, caring for them is not as difficult as it seems. Taking into account all the features, you can get a beautiful garden. The most popular question among gardeners is when to prune roses, which we will discuss below.

How to care for mature roses at different times of the year

Some novice gardeners often prefer to turn to friends for recommendations, so typical mistakes are passed on by word of mouth. To grow truly healthy and beautiful roses, you should use exclusively the advice of experts in this field.

Next, we suggest finding out how to care for adult flowers according to the seasons.

Autumn

The main task that any gardener faces in the autumn is to carry out measures aimed at stopping the growth of aerial parts of flowers. So, this is achieved by changing the composition of fertilizers. However, the first thing to do is to prune the roses, which will simplify the procedure for covering them for the winter. This is carried out in months such as September or October.

The shoots of rose varieties such as floribundas, polyanthas, hybrid tea species and miniatures are shortened by half.

The shoots of climbing flowers are cut by a third, but only if the roses have large flowers. Plants with small flowers do not need pruning. So, climbing roses also do not need to be shortened.

To prevent harmful microorganisms from entering the cut area, it is treated with wood ash or an antiseptic. After 14 days after the flowers are cut, it is necessary to fertilize the flowers.

Spring

Spring care at the dachas should begin with releasing the flowers from their shelter. This should be done gradually, after the snow begins to melt and the first rays of the sun appear, but not earlier than the first half of April.

April is the ideal time to prune flowers, and damaged shoots are completely removed. The cut areas must be treated with garden varnish.In addition, during this period they correct the shape of the bush to give it aesthetics.

After sanitary pruning, fertilizing is carried out. This should be done before the buds begin to bloom. Care is completed with watering and mulching.

At the end, new supports are organized or old ones are restored. All wooden structures must be treated with protective agents.

Summer

Summer care involves the same amount of work as in the spring. This situation occurs for the reason that roses bloom, and this takes a lot of energy from them, and climatic conditions also leave their mark.

In order for the flowers to feel good, it is necessary to timely water, fertilize, pruning, and also protect the plants, if necessary, from certain pests.

Summer pruning is carried out in months such as July or August and involves trimming excessively tall shoots that are out of place. To continue flowering, it is necessary to remove spent buds before they form fruit.

Winter

Before it snows, poisonous substances are placed near the rose bushes to protect the flowers from mice. After snow falls, it is used to make small snowdrifts directly above the shelter.

At the end of the season, hungry rodents can get into the shelter and destroy the integrity of the bark, so periodically the snow must be compacted around the bushes.

During the thaw period, roses need to be ventilated, lifting the covering material from time to time. It is worth opening the plants completely only when the frost ends and the soil thaws.

Plant preparation

From August (September), watering should be reduced, as the plant begins to prepare for winter.Abundant watering is needed immediately before hilling, after which it is not advisable; flowers will spend the winter easier in dry soil.

Covering methods

Air-dry is considered a suitable type of shelter. For these purposes, boards made of boards are placed over the bushes as a pitched roof. They are covered with a film on top, which will create a greenhouse effect.

Features of caring for garden roses in open ground

In order to properly care for young plants, you need to understand the nuances regarding the cultivation of certain varieties. For example, there are differences in what set of measures should be carried out for bush and climbing roses.

Watering

If roses are recently planted on the site, watering is carried out every two days. Spring watering is plentiful, but excess moisture can provoke certain diseases. In summer, flowers are watered twice a month, unless the weather is dry, otherwise abundant watering is organized.

Mulching

Mulching reduces the time for loosening and weeding the soil, especially if flowers are grown outside. The procedure is carried out after applying fertilizers. For mulch, take tree bark, dry grass or manure.

Feeding bushes

Feeding is carried out after spring pruning, when the bush is already sufficiently developed. Roses respond positively to any feeding. It is important to correctly calculate the dosage indicated on a particular fertilizer.

Organic fertilizers

In spring and immediately at the beginning of summer, the best organic fertilizer is a liquid infusion of manure. In the second half of summer and autumn, wood ash is used.

Mineral active fertilizers

Important components that roses need:

1. Nitrogen – promotes the growth of leaves and shoots. It is recommended to apply from May to August.
2. Potassium – promotes plant development.It is especially good to use it during flowering. Apply in June and October.
3. Phosphorus - helps the rose produce strong shoots and develop strong roots. It is optimal to apply phosphorus in June-September. This mineral supplement is absorbed by the rose exclusively together with potassium.

Forming and pruning roses

There are several current methods for pruning rose bushes in a personal garden. As a rule, pruning is applied depending on the age of the plant, species and time (after or before flowering). Next, we propose to consider in detail the types of trimmings.

1. Sanitary. First of all, damaged branches are eliminated. Pruning is done from the side of the outer bud. Carry out in the spring, after the shelter has been removed, in the summer and autumn.
2. Formative. Allows you to give the bush an aesthetic appearance. This type of pruning should be done during the rose's first year of life. Basically, most flowers are sold with an already formed crown, without any excess, but otherwise, as a rule, long branches are shortened. Formative pruning stops in August to allow the rose to open its flowering buds.
3. Rejuvenating. This is done so that the roses bloom profusely and delight the eye for a long time. To do this, you need to get rid of old shoots before the young branch begins to grow. So, it is allowed to trim shoots that are more than 4 years old.
4. Pruning for flowering. This is done to ensure proper flowering. This is done taking into account the age of the shoots.

How to deal with diseases and pests?

If certain conditions exist that negatively affect the growth of flowers, the roses become sick. Basically, this is observed due to a lack or excess of moisture, lack of nutrition or light.

It is easy to grow a healthy plant, as well as provide proper protection from parasites, if you systematically resort to preventive measures.

Insect pests

The following pests often attack roses:

1. Rose aphids reproduce quickly, creating entire colonies on bushes. This parasite drinks the juice from the stem, causing the rose to dry out. By winter, the affected flower often dies. The problem can be solved by systematically treating roses with appropriate compounds.
2. Spider mites - they envelop the flower in cobwebs, drink the juice, disrupting the rose's metabolism, which ultimately leads to the leaves falling off. As part of the fight against this pest, rose bushes are treated with appropriate medications.
3. Leafrollers are caterpillars that eat rose leaves in the spring. Pests are eliminated by independently removing the caterpillars from the leaves or using special means.
4. Click beetles are a type of parasite that eats not only the leaves, but also the stems of roses. They are destroyed by placing special means around the plant.
5. Bronzewort and fawn are pests that feed on flowering buds. They should simply be removed from the plants, and this should be done in the morning, since during this period they remain motionless.

Diseases of flowers

As for flower diseases, bushes can be subject to the following ailments:

1. Powdery mildew - manifests itself in the appearance of a white coating on the leaves, which mainly occurs in the summer due to excess moisture in the soil. To solve the problem, the plant is removed from the affected areas, the ground is dug up, and the bushes are treated with special means, for example, vitriol for further protection.
2. Chlorosis - manifests itself in case of iron deficiency.The leaves become yellowish, turn pale and fall off over time. For this problem, it is recommended to treat the plant with copper sulfate.
3. Rust - orange pads appear on plants. Treatment with a soap solution will help in the fight.