Roses, due to their high decorative qualities, are quite in demand among plant growing enthusiasts. They are especially valued for their bright and abundant flowering and pleasant fragrance. They are actively used in landscape design. But, given the capriciousness of the flowering crop, growing them is not so easy. To achieve the desired result, you need to know how to properly plant rose bushes in the fall.
Choosing the optimal landing site
For quick rooting and adaptation, it is recommended to plant rose bushes in sunny meadows, protected from strong gusts of wind. You should not choose a site for planting a flowering crop in the shade of tall plantings, since a lack of sunlight often leads to the development of various diseases that greatly weaken the plantings. In addition, due to the elongation of shoots that strive for light, the quantity and quality of buds is significantly reduced.
Lowlands are not suitable for planting roses; they not only stagnate moisture, but also collect cold air. In conditions of excessive humidity, there is a high probability of the development of putrefactive processes on the root system of roses. Rot can quickly destroy flowering crops.
The best option is to plant rose bushes in areas where the sun shines in the first half of the day - until lunch, and then there is light shade. It is not recommended to allow roses to constantly remain in direct sunlight; the buds will burn out and the moisture in the soil will quickly evaporate. This can also be one of the reasons why roses drop flowers. It is not advisable to plant a flower crop in a place where cherry, apricot, hawthorn and other representatives of the Rosaceae previously grew.
Planting work should be done in sunny and dry weather. Thus, rose seedlings will be able to take root in the country faster.
When is the best time to plant?
Rose seedlings should be planted in open areas in September-October, the main thing is to do it before the onset of cold weather (25-30 days). Planting at such a time allows the plants to form a full-fledged root system and prepare for winter. It is recommended to plant roses in the ground at a temperature of +10-15 degrees; at night the readings should not fall below +5-10 degrees.
If planting material has been purchased, and weather conditions are not entirely favorable for planting in open areas, then it can be buried in a greenhouse or placed in a cool room where the air temperature is close to zero.
Planting rose bushes in containers can be done at any time of the year, including summer. They are also planted in July if the root system is closed.
Preparation of planting material
If rose seedlings were purchased with an open root system, then before placing them in the ground, they must be kept in water for 24 hours. The next step is to remove the leaf blades using a disinfected and sharp tool. You should also prune all damaged parts of the root system back to a healthy area. The aerial part should be shortened to 30 centimeters, and the buds located below the grafting site should also be removed, as well as the leaves.
To avoid future problems with the crop, seedlings must be treated with a working solution based on ferrous sulfate with a concentration of 3%. For the roots you need to prepare a mixture of clay and mullein, mixed in a 2:1 ratio.
When purchasing planting material, you should pay special attention to the condition of the underground part; there should be no signs of disease, signs of rot, or various types of damage. Healthy seedlings should have an extensive root system.
When purchasing rose bushes in containers, you need to make sure that the ground around the planting material is sufficiently compacted. If there are voids, then you should refuse the purchase. In addition, it is recommended to inspect the sheet plates; there should be no stains on them. The optimal number of lignified stems is two.
You can also grow a strong plant from cuttings, which are first placed in potatoes and then in a pot with fertile soil.
Preparing the soil for roses
For rose bushes, it is preferable to be in an area with fairly fertile soil with good moisture and air permeability. It is recommended to carry out preparatory activities not before planting, but at least 2-3 weeks before it.
Digging of the soil should be done to a depth of 40 centimeters; if the acidity level is high, then lime or dolomite flour is used to normalize the environment. If the soil at the site where the seedlings are planted is heavy, then it is effective to add peat, compost and sand for digging.
Distance between roses
So that rose bushes do not lack light, nutrition, or moisture, an interval between them should be maintained. The distance is different for each variety:
- 30-60 centimeters for planting polyanthus, hybrid tea and Floribunda roses;
- 75-90 centimeters for park varieties;
- up to 100 centimeters for growing climbing and standard roses.
Planting process
The technology for planting prepared seedlings in the ground involves performing the following actions:
- Digging a hole 50-70 centimeters deep and 40 centimeters in diameter.
- Laying a drainage pad on the bottom (layer thickness 7-10 centimeters). For these purposes, broken bricks, expanded clay, and pebbles are suitable.
- Place the plant on a slope in the center of the hole and spread the roots on different sides.
- Sprinkle the roots of the seedling with a nutritious soil mixture, adding wood ash (1-2 cups) to it first.
- To avoid voids, the soil is carefully compacted.
- Water the bush in several stages at the rate of 1-2 buckets of water per planting.
To prevent the underground part of the bush from freezing, it is necessary to lay dry peat mulch, the layer thickness should be 15-20 centimeters. This simple agricultural technique also makes it possible to retain moisture in the soil and get rid of weeds. After 2 weeks, it is recommended to level the mulch.
Features of landing in different regions
The timing of planting rose bushes is directly influenced by climatic conditions in a particular region, as follows:
- in the middle zone and Moscow region - September;
- in the Urals and Siberia - the last days of August-early September;
- in the southern regions - October.
Planting rose bushes in the spring will be more acceptable in the Urals and Siberia; in the fall it is possible only if the weather is warm. The grafting site should be buried 7 centimeters.
Possible errors during landing
Considering the exacting requirements of roses in terms of planting location, soil composition and care, it is extremely problematic for beginning floriculture lovers to grow them in their garden. Due to the lack of experience when carrying out planting work, numerous mistakes are made that do not allow obtaining beautiful flowering shrubs.
To do everything correctly, you must adhere to the following recommendations:
- You cannot plant rose seedlings in peat. There is an opinion that such planting allows plants to actively grow and develop, but, as practice shows, this is a misconception. In most cases, the bushes become rotten, begin to hurt, and soon wither away. It is best to plant roses for effective rooting in loamy soil with sufficient mineral content.
- For plants, bending the roots upward is not a useful technique, but, on the contrary, is quite traumatic and painful.The roots in the hole must be straightened in different directions; this is the only way the seedling can quickly take root and adapt to the new environment.
- Another misconception is that the grafting site needs to be deeply buried. The optimal option is a depth of 5 centimeters. When planted too deeply, garden plantings take on a sickly appearance, begin to wither and lose their turgor.
Roses in the garden are a real decoration for any flower arrangement. Climbing varieties, which are used to decorate arched and other structures, look especially impressive.
Planting seedlings in the fall is an activity that requires certain knowledge and patience, but with the right approach, the result will exceed all expectations. The main thing is to purchase high-quality planting material and follow the recommendations of experienced gardeners.
