The Himalayan or Russian ermine rabbit is one of the oldest breeds. In other countries, the animal is presented under other names. Himalayan rabbits are distinguished by the color characteristic of ermines. This is where the name of the breed comes from. These rabbits are easy to care for and are able to adapt to different climatic conditions. Representatives of this breed are bred to produce dietary meat and beautiful fur.
Origin and history of the breed
The exact history of the origin of the breed has not been established.According to scientists, the first representatives of this species appeared before our era. In the 19th century, a breed of Himalayan rabbits was developed in Great Britain, which were brought to Russia 100 years later. Local breeders improved the breed.
However, later, due to crossing with other species, ermine rabbits were divided into two species. Moreover, in Europe another breed is being bred, which also belongs to this type of animal. Russian rabbits are inferior to Western ones in the quality of fur and meat. This is explained by the fact that breeders crossed this breed with a white giant. As a result, the animals' fur has lost its original thickness.
Description and characteristics of Russian ermine rabbits
Rabbits of this breed are distinguished by the following features:
- dense and muscular body, the average length of which is 51-52 centimeters;
- elastic chest with a wide girth in the scapular region;
- compact head with erect ears;
- average weight reaches four kilograms;
- males are larger than females;
- good down.
Ermine rabbits have a strong build. However, because of this, animals require a constant supply of microelements and vitamins.
The coloration of rabbits resembles Siamese cats. The body of the former is white with a rare bluish tint, and the tail, paws, ears and muzzle are black (other dark shades are possible).
Advantages of the breed
In addition to the ability to adapt to different climatic conditions, representatives of the Himalayan breed have other advantages. Breeders value these animals for their fertility. Each offspring contains up to eight rabbits. These animals do not require special attention. In addition, Himalayan rabbits are hardy and have good immunity.As noted, this breed is valuable for both fur and meat.
Rules of maintenance and care
It is recommended to keep rabbits in cages measuring 60x65x60 centimeters or more. Each such dwelling must be supplemented with a fenced walking area. During the warm season, cages should be taken out into fresh air. Animals should be kept indoors in winter.
The following are considered optimal living conditions for ermine rabbits:
- air temperature - 10-25 degrees;
- daylight hours - 12 hours;
- air humidity - 60-75%;
- absence of wind and drafts.
It is recommended to lay bedding made of straw or hay in the cage. Each adult requires a separate drinker and feeder. The animal's place of residence must be regularly cleaned and treated with an antiseptic.
A prerequisite for breeding this breed is daily combing and regular washing of the fur. In the first case, you need to use a fine-toothed metal brush. When washing, do not allow water to get into your ears and eyes.
In addition, these animals require vaccination and periodic examination by a veterinarian.
Diet and feeding
The diet depends on the season. But for full development and maintenance of vital functions, rabbits must be regularly given food that contains vitamins (vitamins B and E are the most popular), proteins, fats, carbohydrates and minerals. In summer, adults are recommended to be given wild and slightly dried herbs (tansy, yarrow and others). Daily volume - up to 1.5 kilograms. Rabbits should be given no more than 500 grams of grass per day.
Regardless of the season, the diet should be diluted:
- grass mixtures;
- root vegetables (carrots, corn and others);
- durum apples;
- dried potato greens;
- tree branches.
Branches are necessary for grinding ever-growing teeth. It is recommended to feed beets and carrots in small portions, as this food causes diarrhea. During the harvest period, dried vegetable tops can be introduced into the diet. In winter, up to half of the diet should consist of concentrated and combined feeds. In the off-season, you can dilute the diet with bone and fish meal, and dairy products.
Rabbit breeding
Sexual maturity in males occurs at six months, in females at five. Animals should not be mated until after molting. For breeding, it is recommended to take fully formed individuals that meet the breed standard. Rabbits, if fertilized, appear after four weeks. The female herself feeds the offspring with her own milk.
Frequent illnesses
This breed is characterized by strong immunity. Therefore, adults get sick mainly due to non-compliance with the conditions of detention. In particular, as noted, overfeeding with carrots and beets provokes diarrhea.
How to choose a good rabbit
Ermine rabbits are confused with California rabbits. The difference between these varieties comes down to the fact that in the first the dark spots on the paws rise to the knee joint, in the second - to the tips.
To choose a good rabbit, you need to compare the appearance of the young animals with the exterior characteristics of the breed. The coat of purebred animals should be shiny and thick. You also need to pay attention to the absence of fleas and lice, ulcers and deep wounds, and white spots on the eyes.
