Description of the plum variety Ternovka, selection of seedlings, planting and care

The plum variety Ternovka or “bilyasuvar” has a lot of useful properties and is rich in vitamins. This is a blue-black fruit, widespread in many areas of the CIS. The fruits hang on the branches until frost arrives, this allows them to be consumed until late winter. Plum is grown even in Siberia; it is one of the most frost-resistant subspecies. The tree is a fruit tree, but some gardeners call it a berry. In order to successfully grow a variety, you need to familiarize yourself with its characteristics, a description of the technology of care and feeding.

Description and characteristics of plum Ternovka

The prickly plum Thorn was bred by nature itself. Having appreciated its advantages, breeders began to work on breeding new hybrids. Blackthorn belongs to the Rosaceae family, the plum genus. Previously, it was considered a variety of thorns. They really have a lot in common.

Brief characteristics of the Ternovka variety tree:

1. Appearance. A shrub with thorny branches that grows up to 4 meters high.
2. Ternovka's leaves are small, up to 5 centimeters, oblong, ovoid in shape.
3. The tree blooms profusely, the flowers are snow-white, single, 3 centimeters in diameter. They have a waxy coating on them.
4. The pulp has a sweet and sour taste. The weight of Ternovka fruits is 15 grams, the diameter is 4 centimeters. There is a bone inside.
5. Fruiting in Ternovka is stable, the berries ripen by the end of August or September from the 2nd year of life. After ripening, they do not fall off, but remain firmly on the branches until winter.
6. The tree can withstand frosts up to 40 degrees and survives in northern latitudes. This is one of the most frost-resistant crops. It also takes root in poor soils.
7. The variety is famous for its immunity to diseases and pests.
8. Ternovka has high resistance to drought and rapid recovery of the frozen root system.

The longer the fruits hang on the branches of the tree, the sweeter they become and lose their tartness. Blackthorn can withstand any weather disasters, except for salty, swampy soil.

The plant is rich in amino acids, pectin, fiber, and tannins. It is widely used to improve health.

Ternopil has the following effects on the body:

• cleanses of impurities and toxins;
• reduces cholesterol levels due to vitamin PP;
• cleans blood vessels due to the presence of pectin, even removes radioactive metals;
• promotes weight loss.

Ternovka plum has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. Fruits have a mild laxative and diuretic effect, useful for cholecystitis, liver and kidney pathologies. Damsons improve appetite and the digestive process. It also reduces the intensity of stomach pain. Even a small amount of berries can enhance intestinal motility.

Differences between sloe and damson

The sloe is a shrub, but bears fruit with tasteless berries. It is often confused with damson. By crossing these varieties, a sweeter crop was developed. Almost all useful elements were transferred to Ternovka.

1. Unlike sloe, the berries are much larger in size, sweeter, juicier, and not so tart.
2. Blackthorn is not as prickly as blackthorn. Harvesting is easier.
3. Both fruits have a similar chemical composition. Sloes contain 5-6% sugar, and damsons - 12-14%.
4. The thorn is a symbiosis of a bush and a tree. In the wild, the plant looks like a shrub, but when grown in a garden, it stretches out and forms a low-growing tree.

Even a novice summer resident can cope with growing damsons, provided that the rules are followed.

Ternovka landing

Blackthorn is usually propagated by vegetative methods, seeds - only for selection. The most popular cultivation methods:

• using root suckers;
• cuttings;
• vaccination.

The most convenient method is self-rooted seedlings; they are obtained from shoots that are harvested in spring or autumn. Thorn seeds are sown in October or April, using only fresh seeds. The pulp is completely removed from them before planting.

Selecting a site for planting

The Ternovka seedling should be planted in a place with plenty of sun or partial shade. In an area where there is a lot of shade, the tree’s flowering intensity and yield will decrease. Plum does not tolerate stagnation of water. There must be drainage in the place where it is planned to be planted. It is not advisable to give preference to acidic soil; it should be neutral. The damson loves clay soils most of all. Fertilize the soil in the fall, 2 months in advance, and plant with manure, superphosphate, and potassium salt. First, dig up the ground.

Methods for obtaining seedlings

The healthiest and strongest specimens of Ternovka are selected, located away from the trunk. They have a better developed rhizome and are easier to separate. Having dug up the shoots, look at the root system of the future tree. If it is developed, you can transplant the Ternovka shoot to a permanent site. If not, grow it by first cutting it to 25 centimeters and placing it in nutritious soil.

Planting seedlings

It is necessary to plant seedlings 2-3 years old. Sloe plum, when planted correctly, produces a bountiful harvest every season.

1. A week before planting, dig holes. Place fertilizer and minerals in them. Ash, compost, humus, and urea act as nutrients.
2. To improve drainage, add a little sand to the bottom. Leave the hole to stand, after a week, place a pre-prepared seedling.
3. After planting, water the future tree abundantly every day for a week.

It is worth considering that Ternovka is growing a lot, so allocate a wide area for it. The distance between plants should be about 4 meters.

Further care of the crop

The tree does not require special care. Blackthorn can grow without fertilizers or regular irrigation.Often gardeners plant the variety near the fence, thereby forming a bushy hedge. If a fruitful harvest is needed, damson trees will require care.

It consists of the following activities:

• feeding;
• timely watering;
• tying up young seedlings so that they are not damaged by strong winds;
• pruning, crown formation;
• shelter for the winter;
• treatment of wood against diseases and pests.

It is also necessary to weed the soil as it compacts so that it is saturated with oxygen. The blackthorn will thank you for proper care with a prolific harvest that will make its owners proud.

Watering and fertilizing

Damson is a moisture-loving plant, although it does not require regular watering. In order for the tree to bear fruit abundantly, it is watered once a week, especially abundantly in hot weather. Use settled, warm water. You should not water it cold, as the tree will shed all its plums and the harvest will be lost.

Fertilize Ternovka with humus or other organic matter in the spring. To increase the fertility of a tree, it is advisable to use several fertilizers with mineral complexes with nitrogen. It is undesirable to take fresh manure; it is dangerous for the rhizome and promotes the growth of weeds.

Pruning plum

Gardeners usually do not prune Ternovka, which entails the growth of its branches. The tree needs to form a sparsely tiered crown and make it bush-like. Forming a bush is considered the most labor-intensive process in care.

During the growing season, the plum is pruned three times:

• in late March;
• in the last days of June;
• at the end of July.

There are several options for pruning the Ternovka tree.

1. To maintain the given shape and maintain the fertility of the tree, sanitary pruning is done. Damaged, dry and diseased branches are excised.
2. Anti-aging pruning is done to extend the life of the tree. Several fruiting branches are cut off, and after a year, the remaining skeletal branches are shortened by 1/3.
3. Thinning the tree prevents thickening, which prevents light from penetrating to the fruit. If Ternovka is bushy, leave no more than 5 fruiting branches.
4. Shaping pruning - done if the damson is used as a hedge. The crown is given an attractive appearance. When a tree ages and freezes, powerful shoots stimulate rejuvenation and regeneration.

Carry out pruning with sharp pruning shears, first disinfecting it.

Wintering

An adult damson does not require shelter from the cold. It is advisable to protect young seedlings from frost by covering them with a non-woven fabric like burlap, having previously made a wire frame. The tree is protected from rodents. To prevent them from attacking in winter, trample the snow around it and cover the trunk with roofing material or barbed wire. If Ternovka is frozen, it recovers thanks to standard shoots and basal shoots.

Protection from diseases and pests

Blackthorn can be affected by fruit rot, pockets, sharka, and dwarfism. You need to deal with them as follows:

• for rot they use copper or iron sulfate;
• from the pockets, the tree is sprayed with Bordeaux mixture during pollen and during the formation of berries;
• Regular removal of pests and pruning with disinfected pruning shears help prevent sharki;
• dwarfism cannot be cured; trees are uprooted and burned.

Beetles are not capable of significantly harming damsons; you should not be afraid of them.

Harvesting and storage

It is advisable to collect damson berries after the first cold weather.By this time, the content of tannin elements in the fruits is reduced, they become more tasty and rich in vitamins. The harvest is easy to grow and can be stored fresh for about 30 days. The fruits are eaten fresh, or they are used to make compotes, preserves, and jams. Ternovka is held in high esteem by winemakers who make wine or strong alcohol with a tart taste from it.