Black currant variety Sevchanka is a crop of domestic selection. It has an early ripening period and is recommended for cultivation in the Central Black Earth, Volga-Vyatka and Central regions. The plant is characterized by high yield, resistance to fungal infections and bud mite attacks. The crop is a self-fertile variety, and therefore its yield is not affected by weather conditions and the number of pollinating insects.
Description and characteristics of Sevchanka currant
The Sevchanka currant variety is characterized by an early ripening period and high frost resistance. The bushes can withstand temperature fluctuations up to 35 degrees. The plant is also resistant to spring frosts, dry weather, and powdery mildew. It is not susceptible to rust, anthracnose and bud mites.
A distinctive feature of the plant is its stable annual yield. From 1 hectare it is possible to obtain up to 104 centners of currants. The berries have a universal purpose.
The bushes of this variety are vigorous and slightly spreading. They are characterized by shoots of medium thickness and slightly curved shape. The berries are large in size and weigh 2-3.5 grams. They are black in color and have a glossy texture. When ripe, the fruits do not fall off.
History of selection
Black currant Sevchanka was obtained by crossing seedlings of the Golubka variety and form 32-77. The culture was bred at the All-Russian Lupine Research Institute in the city of Bryansk. Currants entered the State Register in 1994.
Agricultural technology varieties
In order for black currants to produce an abundant and high-quality harvest, they need to be properly cared for.
Site selection and planting technology
The culture requires a well-lit area and fertile soil. Therefore, it is recommended to choose level places for planting. A slight slope is also acceptable. It is best to place plantings on the south or southwest side of the house.
Planting work is recommended to be carried out in early spring or mid-September. The second option is considered more preferable.
Sevchanka does not grow well in sandy or clay soil. Slightly acidic or neutral soil is ideal for it.In this case, groundwater should be no higher than 1 meter from the surface of the earth.
To plant currants, it is recommended to do the following:
- Pour 4-5 liters of water into the hole.
- Place the seedlings at an angle of 45 degrees. They need to be buried 3-4 buds deep.
- Gently straighten the roots and sprinkle with soil.
- Lightly compact the soil and pour in another 4-5 liters of water.
- Mulch the beds with peat or compost.
Watering and fertilizing
Currants need rare but abundant watering. Stagnation of moisture can lead to the death of the bush. The plant needs to be watered in the spring - during the growing season, flowering, and formation of ovaries. This should also be done at the stage of fruit ripening and after harvesting. Autumn watering is of no small importance. You need to pour 1 bucket of water under 1 bush.
In dry weather, it is necessary to moisten the soil once a week. In this case, the norm should be increased to 50 liters. If there is precipitation, the currants do not need to be watered.
Bushes older than 3 years need to be fed regularly. Nitrogen fertilizing should be applied in spring and autumn. Potassium and phosphorus are recommended to be used during the period from the beginning of flowering to the filling of fruits. In mid-summer, it is permissible to use an infusion of cow manure or bird droppings. You need to pour 2-3 buckets under the bush.
In order for nutrients to gradually flow to the root system of the plant, a depression of 30-40 centimeters in size must be made in the soil. Add 1-2 handfuls of fertilizer to the prepared hole, sprinkle with soil and water well.
Protection from diseases and pests
Sevchanka currants are characterized by stable immunity to powdery mildew, scab, and rust fungus. She is also not afraid of aphids, kidney and spider mites.For prevention, the plant will have to be given a hot dousing. To do this, you need to pour boiling water into a watering can and water the bush from above. This allows you to get rid of bud mites and scale insects.
Before the buds open, it is necessary to spray the bushes with Bordeaux mixture. If currants are infected with glassware, you can treat them with Aktara, Fitoverm, and Mospilan. For preventive purposes, you can throw a shovel of manure into the center of the bush.
Trimming and shaping
Currants need to be pruned in early spring - before the buds open. This should also be done in late autumn - after the leaves have fallen. Thanks to proper pruning, it is possible to achieve the correct formation of the bush, prevent its thickening, ensure normal growth of young shoots, and avoid the development of pathologies.
The first pruning should be done after planting. In this case, you need to leave 3-4 main branches with 2-4 buds. Then in the spring you need to prune the strong branches of the second order. They need to leave 4-8 buds. It is recommended to remove only weakened, diseased and affected annual shoots.
Winter period
Sevchanka is frost-resistant. In autumn, the soil needs to be loosened and mulched in the tree trunk area.
Reproduction
Currants can be propagated by cuttings or layering. In the first case, you need to cut cuttings 20 centimeters long and 1 centimeter thick. The finished material should be wrapped in damp paper or film and placed in the refrigerator. In spring, branches can be planted in the ground at an angle of 45 degrees.
Harvest and storage
Currants ripen in late June or early July. The berries are distinguished by their rapid ripening, so they can be collected in one go. It is recommended to put the fruits in the container in which they will be stored.
Sevchanka is a popular currant variety that produces a good harvest. For crop cultivation to be successful, it is important to strictly adhere to agrotechnical recommendations.
