Description of perennial gaillardia varieties, planting and care, propagation methods

One of the favorites for decorating a personal plot is the perennial gaillardia. Features of planting and care, methods of propagation - important information for anyone who wants to grow this attractive plant in their own flowerbed. Gaillardia is similar in appearance to chamomile, but its color range is bright and varied. The subshrub is actively used by designers to create the most daring and unusual color compositions.

Description

Gaillardia perennial from the Asteraceae family owes its unique name to the philanthropist from France Gaillard de Charenteau, who was fond of botany.

The culture has chosen the territory of North and South America, and is cultivated on almost all continents, since it is resistant to drought and the ability to develop in areas with frequent changes in temperature.

The height of gaillardia reaches 1 meter. The stems are densely branched. The leaves, which have an oval shape and jagged edges, are alternately located on the stem. Tall peduncles contain flowers at the top, collected in huge inflorescences. One bud consists of numerous ligulate, toothed flowers along the edges.

Kinds

There are many types of gaillardia, each of which can be recognized by its external characteristics.

Beautiful

The spreading gaillardia bush has thin and tall pedicels with basket-shaped inflorescences 6-7 cm in diameter at the top. The bud is a spectacular red-purple color, which turns yellow towards the end of flowering. Some varieties of beautiful gaillardia are annual, so they are not in demand among gardeners.

Pictah

The unusual bright gaillardia has a double or semi-double large inflorescence.The second name is “painted”, due to the variety of colors with which the bud can be painted.

Lorenz

The variety is distinguished by spherical double inflorescences, consisting of yellow-red reed and yellow tubular funnel-shaped flowers with a jagged limb. Gaillardia can bloom for a long time from June to the second ten days of November.

Red Plume

Gaillardia has double inflorescences with reed flowers of a red hue, which are arranged in 2-3 rows. The tubular parts of the inflorescence have a purple tint and are funnel-shaped.

Yellow Plume

The Gaillardia variety is popular among gardeners. The basket inflorescences are spherical and terry. The core consists of yellow pseudo-lingulate flowers.

spinous

This plant is valued by gardeners for its straight shoots with dense pubescence at the top. The height of gaillardia varies from 30 to 75 cm. The basket can reach a diameter of 12 cm. The foliage is oval-shaped with a jagged edge, and the variegated reed flowers are colored yellow or orange. Depending on the color, spinous gaillardia is divided into different varieties.

Mandarin

This variety of gaillardia lives up to its name, as it has brightly colored petals arranged in several rows.

Wirral flame

The core has a ruby ​​tint, which evenly turns into light orange up to the edge of the petals.

Dazzer

The bases of the reed flowers have a red tint, and the edges have a yellow, sandy tint.

Croftwav Yellow

The inflorescence is often compared to the sun due to the rich yellow color of the petals.

Hybrid

The parents of the hybrid are spinous and beautiful gaillardia. The average height of the plant is 80 cm. The shoot is decorated with lanceolate, pubescent leaves, symmetrically located on a high stem.The culture blooms for a month and a half with large double inflorescences painted in hot colors.

Bremen

This variety is capable of growing up to 70 cm. The marginal petals of the inflorescence baskets have a bright wine color, decorated with a crimson border.

Burgundy

The plant reaches 50 cm and has inflorescences of a single wine color.

Zone

Often does not exceed 50 cm, the inflorescences in the form of baskets include reed flowers of a yellow tone, which shimmers from dark to light shades.

Kobold

They are distinguished by straight and branched shoots, reaching a height of 150 cm. The bud itself is large with a crimson core consisting of tubular flowers. The reed flowers shimmer with a yellow tint, which gradually turns into red towards the end.

Golden Goblin

The newly developed variety is distinguished by its low-growing, perennial shoot, which is topped with a golden-hued inflorescence. It has a long flowering period, great for decorating a stone flower garden.

Tokajer

A novelty in the field of breeding ornamental plants, which is distinguished by its tallness. The perennial bush has a large number of bright orange inflorescences that look great when composing a composition.

Primavera

A low-growing variety, not exceeding 25 cm in height. The compact bush has rosettes, from which up to 8 peduncles are formed, topped with baskets up to 12 cm in diameter.

Arizona Sun

It grows no higher than 30 cm. It forms a round bush with gray-green foliage and numerous inflorescences. The orange-red flowers attract attention, blooming in June and delighting until September.

Grandiflora

The compact form of gaillardia is 25-30 cm high. One rosette can form 6-8 peduncles, with terracotta-red flowers 10-12 cm in diameter.

Oriental patterns

Large inflorescences up to 12 cm in diameter with copper-red flowers with yellow ends and a yellow center with a purple shading. Gaillardia blooms from June until frost.

Montana

Exotic perennial with a straight stem, bending at the bottom, up to 75 cm tall. Inflorescences are solitary, up to 12 cm in diameter. The reed flowers are variegated, yellow and orange in color. Gaillardia is able to bloom for a long time and take part in the preparation of many successful color compositions.

Lanceolate and blunt-toothed

A tall perennial plant reaching more than 50 cm in height, it has dark green leaves and medium-sized red inflorescences. The branched stem of gaillardia is dotted with a large number of small lanceolate-shaped leaves with a dissected border.

Large-flowered

Perennial gaillardia, which is distinguished by its large bud size and therefore fully lives up to its name. The diameter of the inflorescences exceeds 10 cm with reed flowers of yellow-red color with a red center. Mesmerizing in June bloom.

Krasava

The plant can grow up to 70-75 cm, boasting single inflorescences with variegated reed flowers with a dark yellow center. The shoots at the bottom have a peculiar bend.

Red shades

A compact bush, not exceeding 30 cm, with 6-8 peduncles on one representative, on which there is a large inflorescence from 10 to 12 cm in diameter. Can bloom for 5-6 years.

Amber

Gaillardia grows up to 70-75 cm in height, inflorescences grow up to 12 cm in diameter. Abundant flowering is observed throughout the summer. Used in making the most elegant and bright bouquets.

When and how to plant

There are two methods of planting gaillardia seeds: sowing in the ground and using seedlings.The first is practically not used, since the conditions of our climate do not allow the plant to fully develop, and more than half of the seedlings die.

Seedling method

One of the popular methods is seedling, since it guarantees a high percentage of germination, but requires more effort, unlike direct planting in the soil.

Disembarkation

Sowing should begin in early March. To do this, you need to take containers in the form of small containers or pots, pour wet soil into them and distribute the seeds over the substrate. Gently sprinkle the top with a thin layer of nutrient soil or vermiculite, which contains active minerals such as potassium, magnesium, silicon, and iron.

Storage

Place the material in a bright place, but also take care to avoid direct sunlight. The germination temperature of perennial gaillardia seeds is 20-22 degrees. Seedlings will begin to appear in the second week. After the first shoots, move the containers with the crops to a cool place where the air temperature will be no more than 20 degrees.

Hydration

Watering is carried out as needed, as soon as the soil dries, it needs to be moistened. Do not over-water gaillardia to reduce the risk of gray mold infection.

Picking

During the growth process, seedlings must form new leaves, so provide enough space for the plants to fully develop. The distance between the sprouts should not be less than 5 cm; move the remaining shoots to separate containers.

Picking is done only after the first two true leaves have fully developed.

Transfer

After 2 weeks, carry out hardening, leaving perennial gaillardia in the fresh air for 2-3 hours a day, gradually increasing this period.As the seedlings adapt to outdoor conditions, they can be confidently transplanted into open soil. It is recommended to transplant in the last days of May.

Planting in open ground

Before planting, take care of soil fertility. Gaillardia does not develop well on soil that has high acidity, which can retain moisture. The soil should be light, moderately enriched with nutrients and have good drainage.

To properly prepare the soil for planting a crop, you need to enrich it with 1 bucket of humus, ash, and 100 g of minerals for every 1 m² plot.

The distance between sprouts should vary from 20 to 25 cm. The number of seedlings in one hole is determined depending on the variety. To make the bush lush, it is recommended to plant 2-3 plants in one hole. After planting, moisten the soil.

Selection of location and timing

Planting can be done only with the onset of good weather and when the soil has completely warmed up. One of the important features of perennial gaillardia seeds is their excellent tolerance to low temperatures. But seedlings will begin to form only with warming.

When choosing a site for planting, give preference to sunny areas protected from the wind.

Weeding and loosening

A culture such as gaillardia is undemanding in care, but does not tolerate weeds; it must be removed regularly. In addition to weeding, systematically loosen the soil to saturate it with oxygen, which the root system needs for normal growth.

Watering

Watering is only needed during a long absence of rain. The crop does not tolerate stagnant water and excessively moist soils, so it is recommended to add a small amount of water during the dry season.

Garter and seating

Dried leaves and inflorescences must be disposed of in a timely manner by carefully trimming them. Tall varieties require a garter so that the heavy stems do not fall apart in different directions and have a well-groomed appearance.

Top dressing

Perennial gaillardia needs at least three feedings per season. In this case, it is worth following the feeding schedule:

1. During the formation of inflorescences.
2. At the moment of flowering.
3. A month before the onset of frost.

Humus and complex minerals will serve as fertilizing; manure cannot be used for such purposes.

Mulching

Gaillardia needs regular mulching of the soil to enrich it with oxygen and nutrients. This will have a positive effect on the functioning of the root system.

Preparing for winter

Wintering is quite simple for the plant, since it tolerates even significant drops in temperature well, with the exception of young plantings. Therefore, gaillardia needs to be properly prepared for winter and covered with foliage before frost.

Care after flowering

After the gaillardia blooms, cut off the dried buds, fertilize the soil using minerals, and begin preparing the perennial gaillardia for the winter.

Diseases and pests

With proper planting and compliance with all aspects of care, gaillardia can resist diseases and pests well. The cause of the disease is considered to be waterlogged soil and shade.

Prevention is quite simple: cultivate gaillardia in the right place, providing it with space and observing watering conditions.

Powdery mildew

A white coating forms on the vegetative parts of the plant, leading to its gradual withering.

White rust

In the first stages, a white coating appears, which acquires a reddish tint.

Aphid

The pest pierces the epidermis of the plant and sucks out the juices, this prevents the perennial from fully developing.

Whitefly

The small white midge, feeding on the juice of the flower, is considered a carrier of various viruses and infections.

Reproduction

There are two ways to propagate Gaillardia: by seeds and by dividing the bush. It is recommended to resort to such actions when the plants reach the age of 4-5 years.

Seeds

Gaillardia seeds are formed in the core closer to autumn. They should be collected and sorted, leaving only large and healthy specimens. Store in a dry, warm place in bags or paper bags that allow sufficient air to pass through. The seeds can be used for planting next season.

Dividing the bush

The bush must be carefully dug up and divided into parts with shoots and roots. Plant the resulting parts in flower beds. The procedure is carried out in the spring.

Use in garden design

Gaillardia is used to complement conifers and ornamental shrubs. It goes well with lupine and forms an interesting composition with rudbeckia and echinacea. Low-growing varieties are used to decorate borders and garden paths.

Answers on questions

How to prune Gaillardia?

Carefully remove only the dried vegetative and generative parts of the bush, without damaging the main central trunk.

What are the flowering times for Gaillardia?

Flowering times depend on the variety. The perennial mainly blooms almost all summer and the first month of autumn.

To grow a beautiful gaillardia, you need to properly care for it, know how to replant it and protect it from possible dangers.And then the perennial, surrounded by attention, will decorate any local area with bright blooms and an elegant appearance.

Reviews

Vera: “One of the most unpretentious and frost-resistant ornamental crops. I’ve been growing it in a flowerbed for a long time and using it to make original bouquets.”

Marina: “The plant grows quickly and fills all the free spaces. Small varieties look great along the edges of paths.”