Description of the Fatezh cherry variety, care and pollination, choice of planting site

The Fatezh variety of cherries was bred in 2001, especially for the middle zone. At first it was grown in the South, since the variety loves warmth and does not survive winters well. Thanks to the efforts of breeders, activities were carried out to zone and crossbreed cherry species to develop new, more resistant hybrids. Fatezh takes root in the middle zone and brings a bountiful harvest with proper care. To plant a tree safely, you need to become familiar with all its features.

Appearance and characteristics of Fatezh cherries

Before planting, you should read the description of the cherry variety. Even an inexperienced gardener can grow a tree, since it does not require special care.

1. Cherry trees of the Fatezh variety grow tall, up to 8 meters in the absence of pruning. With regular crown formation, the height will be about 5 meters. This simplifies the process of harvesting and caring for plantings.
2. The leaves are smooth in texture, not hard, green in color. They are held on strong petioles.
3. The tree is self-fertile and requires pollinators.
4. High frost resistance, resistance to diseases and pests.

Fatezh cherries are suitable for growing in the country or industrial plantations for business.

Description of the tree

The trees have a spherical, medium dense bush. As it matures, it becomes more branched. The branches are strong, covered with smooth brownish bark, extending from the main trunk at a smooth angle. Young shoots are brown in color, the thick, short column is brown with a grayish tint. The branches are covered with large, wide leaves with pointed ends.

Description of berries

The berries are large, average weight is about 4.4 grams, round and one-dimensional. The peel is shiny, red-yellow in color. The fruit tastes like dessert, with a slight sourness. The variety received a taster rating of 4.7 points on a 5-point scale. The juicy pulp separates easily from the bone.

Ripening and harvesting dates

Flowering begins after 4-5 years of tree life, ripening occurs at the end of June and mid-July. The variety is mid-season, the berries ripen smoothly. The fruit detachment is dry.

Productivity

One tree produces about 5 kilograms of harvest. From 10 years of age, cherries bear up to 30 kg of berries per season. The maximum variety bears fruit up to 50 kilograms of berries from one tree.

Usage

Fatezh cherry fruits are eaten fresh, canned for the winter, or frozen. The berries are made into jam and used as a filling for baked goods.

Shelf life and transportability

Cherries tolerate transportation well and are stored in the refrigerator for about a week. It is better to pick the berries with the stalk, then they will last longer. During transportation, the fruits do not wrinkle.

Main positive and negative aspects

The Fatezh cherry variety has a number of positive and negative aspects.

Planting and caring for a tree

The process of planting a tree is carried out using seedlings. The technology is no different from planting other cherries. Care includes standard aspects:

• timely watering;
• loosening;
• weeding;
• pest/disease treatment;
• fertilizer.

Only the young seedling requires special care. An adult tree requires virtually no maintenance.

Choosing a location and lighting

In the Moscow region, it is recommended to plant cherries in the spring, since immature seedlings may not survive frosts. In the South, trees are planted in October, before frost. During this period, it will have time to take root in a new territory. The planting date is also influenced by the condition of the rhizome.Seedlings with exposed roots may not take root unless they are planted in March, but plants in a peat container survive well at any time.

It is better to plant a tree in April or early May if we are talking about spring planting.

The variety prefers fertile soils and requires a special location. The following areas are not suitable:

• clayey, heavy soils with close water occurrence;
• open areas with strong gusts of wind and drafts;
• slopes on the north side;
• dark places;
• lowlands.

Places protected from the winds and with good lighting are ideal - gardens, southern forest cannons, slopes. You can plant cherries along the house walls, but retreat at least 3 meters.

Soil for the Fatezh variety

Choose easily drained, loamy soil. Its acidity should be at a neutral level, 6-7 pH. The water depth is at least 2 meters deep. To achieve a bountiful harvest in the spring, loosen the soil after planting so that the soil breathes oxygen. In wet lowlands, around the territory, it is advisable to dig grooves 60 centimeters deep. They will remove excess moisture from the area. The planting site for Fatezh cherries should not be strewn with weeds; first, remove them.

How to choose seedlings?

When selecting a seedling, the first thing to pay attention to is the grafting and a number of other nuances:

• shoots must be clean, straight, without damage;
• You should not take seedling material that has a lot of foliage and shoots, as it will not take root well in a new place;
• give preference to annual plants, examining the place of budding (at a height of 15-20 cm from the root, the trunk should be slightly curved);
• seedling height – 0.8-1 meter, rhizome length – 0.2-0.25 centimeters;
• there should be 4-5 shoots, the trunk thickness should be 2-2.5 cm.

You should not buy seedlings on the market from dubious sellers. They may sell the wrong species, or a wild one. Make purchases from nurseries with good ratings in the fall.

Landing technology

Features of planting Fatezh cherries are related to climatic conditions. This variety is zoned for the middle zone or southern region. In Siberia, the variety rarely takes root. It is better to prepare the planting hole in the fall.

1. The hole is cubic in shape, 70 centimeters on each side.
2. When planting several trees, maintain a distance of 3-4 meters between them.
3. Place a stake for a tether near each hole.
4. Mix the dug hole with 3 buckets of humus and 1 liter of wood ash.
5. Before planting, carefully straighten the rhizome. Its neck should be 3-4 centimeters above the ground.
6. Cover the seedling in layers, compacting the soil gradually.
7. Slowly pour out 3 buckets of water.
8. When the liquid is absorbed, mulch the soil around the shoot with humus, then tie it to a stick.

If the rules are strictly followed, the Fatezh cherry will take root without problems. In the second year, in the tree trunk area, make a circle with a diameter of 1 meter. Dig up the ground, clearing the area of ​​weeds. Once every 3 years, expand the area around the stem by 0.3 meters, mulch the soil. Experienced summer residents advise sowing honey plants around. They attract bees and prevent weeds from growing. Such plants include mustard, clover, and phacelia.

Weeding and loosening

After rains and waterings, loosen the soil with a cultivator or other garden tools. Due to this, cherries absorb moisture and fertilizers better. Weed the soil regularly to remove weeds.You can reduce the amount of weeding by mulching with straw and humus.

Watering

Water cherries 3-4 times during the growing season, depending on the weather. Irrigation occurs after flowering, berry picking and in early August. Before watering, loosen the soil, remove weeds, add fertilizer. On average, 1 tree requires up to 6 buckets of water.

Top dressing

The Fatezh cherry variety, like its other varieties, likes to be fertilized twice a year. If the plant is planted in black soil, it can be fertilized less, since the soil already contains a large amount of useful microelements. It is better to fertilize loamy soils in March or November, using the following fertilizers:

• horse manure;
• humus;
• compost.

In November, you should not fertilize the soil around the cherries with nitrogen and potassium fertilizers, and you should also not water them abundantly.

Regular pruning

At a young age, cherry trees should be pruned every year. The procedure is carried out in the spring, before the buds swell. Shorten annual shoots by 1/5 of their length. Trim the top of the trunk by 30 centimeters so that the tree grows compact and shorter. It is also important to remove dried, broken branches and carefully treat the cut areas with garden varnish.

Shelter for the winter

Before cold weather, you should cover cherries, especially young ones. Then the tree will retain buds and fruit-bearing branches, and there will be no need for heavy pruning of the crown in the spring. If the bark cracks under the influence of frost, infections will develop in it. Oxygen must pass through the protection. Do not cover the neck of the rhizome with manure.

You need to cover the tree at a temperature of up to 2 degrees Celsius, and no more than 0. To create a frame, use wire or slats made of wood, stretch spunbond or agrospan over it.It is not advisable to use film because oxygen does not pass through it. The frame is secured at its beginning with bricks, and tied with a rope at the top. In March, after the snow melts, the shelter is removed.

Pollinators of cherry Fatezh

The Fatezh variety is self-sterile. To have a lot of harvest in the future, plant other cherries nearby:

• And the way;
• Crimean;
• Raditsa;
• Ovstuzhenka;
• Revna;
• Chermashnaya.

Due to their pollen, flowers will be set.

Pest and disease control

The variety is resistant to fungal infections, coccomycosis and moniliosis. The plant is attacked by aphids, fruit mites, and moths.

1. Ticks are eliminated using Karbofos in a ratio of 2 grams per 10 liters.
2. Aphids are destroyed by irrigating the tree with a soapy solution. Take 300 grams of ground laundry soap and a bucket of water. Sanitize the plant 3 times every other day.
3. The tree is sprayed against beetles with Inta-Vir in a proportion of 2 grams per 10 liters.

When grown according to the rules, the tree is not afraid of gum production.