An example of the successful work of breeders was a whole series of cucumber varieties adapted to the difficult conditions of the northern regions. The Miranda F1 cucumber, traditionally loved by Siberians, is an example of a crop with increased cold resistance. Cucumber can grow even in unprotected soil. There are many such wonderful varieties. It is impossible to tell about everyone. But we bring to your attention a description of some.
New generation hybrids
It is hybrid varieties that can be safely planted in low temperatures and successfully grown indoors.Already at the f1 genetic level, the cucumber is resistant to many diseases and unstable natural factors.
Hybrids, as a rule, have earlier ripening periods and high yields, qualities that are most relevant in the short summer conditions of the west and east of Siberia. In addition, when growing hybrids, you do not have to worry about attracting insects to pollinate the ovaries. Most hybrids are parthenocapy and do not require pollination to form fruit. The best varieties for any type of greenhouse are hybrids.
Unlike varietal plants, hybrid plants exhibit most important economic and commercial characteristics: productivity, uniformity of varietal characteristics in all plants, short growing season. Particularly relevant are resistance to changes in humidity, temperature, and resistance to pathogens of viral and fungal diseases. Therefore, hybrids are ideal for growing in greenhouses.
Miranda F1
The universal early-ripening hybrid is characterized by cold resistance and resistance to major cucumber diseases. Can be cultivated outdoors and in protected ground. Does not require pollination. The plant is tall, well leafy.
Zelentsy are 11-12 cm long, weighing up to 120 g. Productivity is good. Up to 6.5 kg of cucumbers per 1 sq. m. The fruits are oblong green in color, with light specks and white stripes up to the middle of the fruit, with white thorns. Miranda cucumbers are tasty and juicy. Suitable for pickling and pickling.
Agricultural technology is no different from the process of growing most varieties. When the soil warms up to 15 degrees, the seedlings are planted in a permanent place. Most often this is the last ten days of May. Plant no more than 3-4 plants per 1 square. m. A garter or attachment to trellises is required.
Siberian bouquet F1
Early ripening, high-yielding hybrid, does not require pollination and is adapted to the low temperatures of Siberia. It is distinguished by friendly yield of fruits. Can be grown in any type of greenhouse and in open ground, resistant to common diseases. The plant is medium-climbing with unusual ovaries of 3-4 cucumbers, which look like a bouquet.
Cucumbers are up to 10 cm long, elongated in shape, and weighing up to 45-50 g. The hybrid has excellent marketability. Its most significant characteristic is the ability to produce a yield of up to 30 kg per square meter. m. The fruits are uniform in size and shape, have dense pulp, small seeds, do not taste bitter, and are ideal for pickling.
Cucumber Siberian bouquet f1 is quite demanding in terms of care. To obtain the maximum yield, you should follow the watering and fertilizing regimes, and remove ripe greens in a timely manner.
Restina F1
Many seed farms and agricultural companies are developing varieties and hybrids for areas with unfavorable weather. As a result of the work of breeders of the Biotechnika agricultural company, a super early, high-yielding, bee-pollinated hybrid, Restina f1, appeared on the seed market.
The plant has genetic resistance to the main fungal, viral and bacterial diseases of cucumbers. From germination to harvest, only 39-40 days pass. The plant has bouquet ovaries, so it looks unusual. Cucumbers are collected in bunches of 3-5 pieces. They can be grown not only in a greenhouse or in a garden plot.
The variety is planted in boxes or pots on balconies and loggias. The plant looks very impressive. The cucumbers are small, gherkin-type, 5-6 cm long. The surface of the cucumbers is finely tuberous, green with light stripes.The pulp is dense, crispy, suitable for canning and preparing summer and winter salads.
The plant is heat-loving; for areas with cold climates, seedling cultivation is recommended. The crop is planted in a permanent location when the danger of frost has passed.
Important! When growing bee-pollinated varieties and hybrids with a female flower type, it is necessary to plant up to 10-15% of the plants with pollinating varieties that produce male flowers. They are planted in each row every 7-8 plants of the main variety.
Varieties of cucumbers pollinated by bees
Cucumber is a heat-loving crop that requires greenhouse cultivation. But plants pollinated by bees grow better outdoors. For adherents of classical vegetable growing methods, there are many suitable vegetable crops.
Almost any variety of cucumbers has its own characteristics, but most are cold-resistant and early ripening.
Bee-pollinated varieties have some important differences. Due to the formation of seeds, fruits accumulate a greater amount of biologically active substances and vitamins. They are more useful and often have a pronounced, characteristic vegetable taste and aroma. Green vegetables of these varieties are most suitable for pickling. All varieties are adapted for the north and tested over many years of their existence. One of cucumber varieties are considered the best for pickling Cascade, which has already become a classic in vegetable growing.
Cascade
The variety is old, created and registered by Far Eastern breeders back in 1982. Belongs to the category of early ripening with a growth period of up to 45 days. A cucumber bush with female flowers, bee-pollinated, intended for cultivation in protected and open ground. Has resistance to powdery mildew.The fruits are smooth, 13-15 cm long, weighing 90-120 g, with a green skin. Cascade cucumbers are famous for their good taste characteristics without bitterness, dense and crispy. Considered the best for pickling.
The variety has earned only positive reviews for its consumer qualities. Productivity up to 8 kg per bush per season. The variety is quite thermophilic, prefers areas with fertile soils, well warmed up and protected from the wind. It can be grown by seedlings or by sowing seeds directly to a permanent place. Seeds germinate at 13-15 degrees. Plants are planted in the greenhouse in early May, and 25-day-old seedlings are planted in mid-May.
Planting density up to 4 plants per square meter. meter. The most suitable temperature is 25-30 degrees. Care comes down to watering, weeding, and timely fertilizing.
Altai early
The high-yielding variety was created back in 1958, but is still popular today, intended for outdoor cultivation in unprotected soil. The variety is resistant to fungal diseases. The plant is cold-resistant, well adapted to cultivation in the Northern regions, and tolerates short-term drops in temperature.
Altai cucumber is an early bee-pollinated variety, early ripening, with a growing season of 37-39 days. The plant is heavily leafy, with shortened vines. The fruits are small, about 10 cm long and weighing up to 80 g. The surface of the cucumber has small tubercles and white thorns. Up to 6 kg of fruits are collected per square meter, which are eaten fresh.
Altai
Another bee-pollinated cucumber variety, Altai, can be cultivated outdoors or in a greenhouse. The plant has average cold resistance and resistance to some types of cucumber diseases. Its advantage is its early ripeness.Subject to agrotechnical rules, the first harvest begins in early July. The fruits of the Altai cucumber are quite large, oval in shape, with a tuberous surface.
The weight of greens varies in a small range from 90 to 118 g and a length of 9-13 cm. Cucumbers of the Altai variety are small-seeded, for pickling purposes.
Seed producers' recommendations suggest sowing seeds directly into the ground in early May, when grown under film covers. If the seedling method is chosen, the deadlines are pushed back to mid-May. Seedlings aged 20-25 days should have 3-5 leaves. Planting scheme 70 x 40.
Cucumber requires heat. The roots of the plant are located at a shallow depth of 20-30 cm. On soils with a temperature of 17-19 degrees during the day and 12-14 at night, plants of early-ripening varieties begin to bear fruit after 40-45 days, mid-ripening varieties after 45-55 days. The plant is especially demanding of heat during the periods of flowering and fruiting.
Cultivation of cucumber crop
Cucumber grows well in warm, light, humus-rich, fertile soils. Does not tolerate acidic and saline soil well.
- Cucumber seeds germinate at a temperature of 13-15 degrees. The optimal temperature for rapid seed germination is 25-30 degrees.
- The crop is especially responsive to soil moisture and relative air humidity. The root system of the plant is located in the upper, quickly drying layers of soil. And large leaves require a lot of moisture and nutrients.
- Cucumbers are light-loving short-day crops. Short days are especially favorable during the period of growing seedlings.
- Seedlings are planted when the soil warms up to 15 degrees, when the danger of return frosts has passed. Plants in greenhouses are tied or attached to trellises.
- The plant is formed by pinching it at the height of the greenhouse. Early ripening varieties do not need pinching, since male and female flowers are formed simultaneously, on the main stem and side shoots.
- Before fruiting begins, the temperature should be 22-24 degrees during the day and 17-18 degrees at night.
- Soil humidity is maintained depending on the light level at 75% to 90%. On particularly hot days, refreshing watering is carried out.
- After watering, the soil is loosened, thereby ensuring air access to the root system. Remove leaves from the bottom of the stem. Removing ripened greens in a timely manner.
These rules are quite traditional and valid for varieties and hybrids with different ripening periods.
