Description of the best varieties of green beans, beneficial properties and harm

Green beans are a common legume that is distinguished by its tender pulp and the absence of hard fibers on the pods. The shape of the pods is longer than that of other varieties, and the hard bean flaps themselves protect the beans from pests and external damage. The annual plant has gained great popularity due to its characteristics and is actively grown in summer cottages and garden plots.

Benefits and harms

Among the many varieties of beans, asparagus beans stand out for a number of valuable properties and nutritional value. All adherents of a healthy diet know for certain what kind of asparagus beans have benefits and harms. The product contains carbohydrates, fiber and a vitamin complex, which has a beneficial effect on the body. In particular, regular consumption of beans:

• helps actively fight intestinal infections;
• fills cells with oxygen;
• stabilizes hormonal levels;
• controls the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract;
• reduces blood sugar levels.

Nutritionists advise including beans in your diet, as they allow you to diversify your usual diet and not gain excess weight.

When consumed in moderation, green beans do not harm the body, as they have virtually no contraindications. To get exceptionally beneficial properties from the product, you should not abuse it, and if you have stomach diseases or gastritis, first consult with a specialist. A nutritionist will explain in detail how green beans are beneficial and in what quantity it is permissible to consume them depending on your health condition.

Features of cultivation

The timing of planting beans on a site directly depends on weather conditions. In the southern regions, you can start sowing in early May. In cooler areas, it is better to wait until the frost is completely over.For proper and active growth of the plant, it is important that the soil warms up well. The bushes develop at an average temperature of more than 15 degrees. In the event of unexpected frosts, you should use a covering material and use it to artificially create greenhouse conditions.

Before planting, you need to prepare the bed. First, the soil should be carefully dug up, cleared of the remains of previous crops and mineral or organic fertilizers applied. Bean seeds are planted to a depth of about 5 cm, leaving a distance of 10-20 cm between bushes, and 30-50 cm between rows. Compliance with spatial isolation is necessary for active growth and fruiting.

If this rule is violated, the root systems of several bushes will intertwine with each other, which can lead to the death of plants and a quantitative reduction in the yield. To prevent the bushes from freezing in case of temperature changes, and to prevent leaves and flowers from falling off, you can cover the seedlings with a film material that helps retain moisture and heat.

The basic rules that should be followed when growing crops include regular watering, loosening, visual inspection for the appearance of weeds and pest control. If plants become diseased or damaged by dangerous insects, it is worth treating the soil with insecticidal fertilizers and destroying the damaged parts of the bushes. To prevent the appearance of pests, it is worth applying appropriate fertilizing at the stage of sowing seeds.

Harvesting

The pods must be collected before they harden. Since legume fruits ripen unevenly, you should visually inspect the bushes and periodically cut off the ripened fruits. Certain varieties of beans can be harvested at an early stage of development, when the pod valves are still green.

It is recommended to collect fruits in the first half of the day, when the pods are moderately saturated with moisture and do not crumble when cut.

If you harvest later, the fruits will have time to dry well and some of the beans can easily fall out onto the garden bed. If you do not collect ripe pods on time, there is a chance that they will begin to burst and the amount of harvest will be noticeably reduced. When grains get into the ground, they quickly rot and lead to the emergence of dangerous pests, as a result of which the unripe part of the plants can be damaged.

Classification of varieties

There are a large number of varieties of green beans, which differ in taste, appearance and specific cultivation. According to the shape of the bush, the crop is divided into bush and climbing. Bush beans are low-growing plants up to 60 cm high that bear fruit even at low temperatures and ripen early. Climbing species look like twining vines up to 5 m long.

The main difference between climbing varieties is their long growing season, so these bean varieties are not suitable for open ground in regions with a cool climate (for example, the Moscow region).

Early varieties of legumes without fibers and with soft pods are suitable for growing in summer cottages. Among these varieties, Kenyan, purple and green beans are in demand. Kenyan beans have dark green pods with sweetish beans. The green and purple varieties have elongated pods and are suitable for freezing or canning.

Varieties of green beans

Breeders are constantly developing new types of beans, which allows them to choose the best option taking into account atmospheric conditions, soil conditions and other growing criteria. After familiarizing yourself with the characteristics of popular varieties, you will be able to select the best and high-yielding varieties of green beans for sowing. When choosing, it is important to pay attention to such characteristics as the growing season, size, care requirements, long-term storage ability and preparation methods.

Blau Hilde

The Blau Hilde variety is famous for its high and stable yield. The height of the plant bushes reaches 5 m, the length of the pods is up to 25 cm. This variety of beans requires abundant watering and fertilizing for active growth. The main features of the variety are the lilac-pinkish hue of the grains, mushroom aroma, and compatibility with other vegetable crops. Blau Hilde beans saturate the soil with nitrogen and prevent damage to roots by wireworms and meadow moths. The variety is able to resist common diseases, which greatly simplifies the process of growing the crop.

Berlotto

An early-ripening, easy-to-care variety that has become widespread from Italy. Berlotto beans are valued for their beneficial characteristics. It contains a high protein content and is suitable for dietary nutrition. Ripe beans are large and wide, with burgundy streaks on the surface. At the initial stage of ripening, the pod valves have a rich green color without hard fibers or partitions. The taste of Berlotto beans is sweetish. Beans are considered to be the most aromatic and rich in taste at the stage of incomplete ripening.

Oil King

The Butter King type of asparagus bean is an early ripening bean because it ripens within 50 days after planting. The yellow pods have no fibers and are distinguished by their bright yellow color. Beans of the Butter King variety have gained great popularity in the culinary field and are used in preparing dishes both fresh and canned. The characteristics of the variety suggest high resistance to pests and diseases, the ability to grow actively without regular watering.

Saxa 615

A variety beloved by many gardeners, which allows you to harvest the first harvest within 45-50 days after planting. Bushes in open ground grow up to 40 cm. Despite the compactness of the bushes, the variety demonstrates a high yield. Green pods without fiber have a dense structure. The shape of the valves is curved. Sachs beans have a sugary flavor, which allows them to be used in the preparation of various dishes. Golden Saxa contains a rich vitamin complex that has a positive effect on the body.

Purple Queen

Bush plant with an average ripening period. The main external difference is the dark purple hue, which becomes rich green as a result of heat treatment. The maximum height of the bushes reaches 60 cm. The variety is famous for its high yield, resistance to diseases and pleasant taste characteristics. The average length of bean pods is 20 cm. The Purple Queen variety is ideal for canning.

Sweet Courage

The variety is compact and is grown in bushes up to 40 cm high. Sweet Kurazh belongs to the early ripening type. From the beginning of seed germination to the moment of harvesting the first fruits, 40 to 50 days pass.The pods have a slightly curved cylindrical shape. The color of beans is deep yellow. The fruits can grow up to 16 cm in length. The bulk of the pods ripen at once, which allows you to harvest most of the harvest at one time.

Golden Nectar

Belongs to the curly type, ripening within 70 days. The yellow pods contain narrow cylindrical beans that grow up to 25 cm in length. Due to the heavy weight of the fruits, the plant needs garter and support. The Golden Nectar variety is often used for canning or fresh for preparing various dishes. Suitable for growing as an ornamental plant due to its long, curved pods.

Crane

Zhuravushka beans are an early-ripening vegetable variety. The first fruits ripen 50 days after the appearance of the first shoots. The bush plant has a small height of up to 50 cm. The maximum length of the pods is 13 cm, width is up to 1 cm. The beans are curved, rich green in color, and taste like asparagus shoots. The variety is suitable for long-term storage through canning or freezing.

Panther

One of the most common summer cottages varieties of green beans. The bushes of the plant are low - up to 40 cm in height. The period of full ripening is 65 days. Panther beans are planted at a distance of 12 cm between bushes and about 40 cm between rows. This type of legume requires heated soil for good growth. The pods ripen evenly, making harvesting easier. Yellow beans lack hard fibers and a parchment layer. The length of the elongated lines reaches 15 cm. The main advantages are high and stable yields, resistance to pests and diseases, including bacteriosis and anthracnose.

Bergold

A mid-early bush variety characterized by high yield and compact plants. The ripening period from the first shoots to the harvest of fruits is 60 days. The color of the pods is golden-yellowish, the shape is curved, the length is up to 14 cm. The internal seeds are oval in shape, without a parchment layer. The main purpose of Bergold is freezing and sterile canning for long-term storage. It is recommended to sow this variety of beans after the soil has warmed to a temperature of more than 15 degrees to avoid the death of the seed.

Vigna Countess

A special variety of the Legume family, belonging to the climbing category. The bushes grow up to several meters in length, the width of the pods reaches 1.5 cm, the length of the pods can reach up to 1 m. There are a number of features of growing the Vigna Countess variety. Due to its heat-loving nature, it is better to sow in greenhouse conditions rather than in open ground. When planting by seedling method, seedlings can be transferred to the ground only after the ground has warmed above 20 degrees. Plants require support, as heavy fruits can bend the stems. To grow the Vigna Countess species, it is recommended to select well-lit areas.

Blue Lake

An early ripening type of green bean with climbing plants. The average height of the bushes is 1.5 m. The fruits ripen after 50 days from the moment of planting in open ground. The pods grow up to 16 cm in length, have a rich green color, and a flat and smooth surface.

The plant is resistant to common diseases, temperature changes and unfavorable climatic conditions.The variety demonstrates high productivity when chosen for planting in sunny places protected from drafts and in light, well-drained soil. Blue Lake beans are suitable for storage by freezing and for use in cooking when preparing soups and meat dishes.

Neringa

An early variety that is in demand among gardeners, producing fruit 55 days after sowing in the ground. The long pods of round cross-section have a small diameter and grow up to 16 cm in size. The valves have a fleshy structure and do not have a parchment layer, partitions or hard fibers. Neringa fruiting occurs at the same time, so a bountiful harvest can be harvested at one time. The variety is suitable for cultivation in any region due to its good tolerance to temperature changes and resistance to diseases.

Pencil Pod Back Wax

An asparagus variety bred by Italian breeders that ripens in 60-65 days after sowing. Compact bushes up to 40 cm high are valued by summer residents for their high productivity and resistance to dangerous pests. Ripe pods have a light yellow color and are characterized by unusual taste, suitability for long-term storage and transportation due to their dense walls. The fruits remain juicy and do not lose their presentation for a long time, even after freezing and heat treatment. The beans have a glossy surface and a rich black tint.

Mascotte

The Mascotte variety, which has become widespread from France, is grown in compact bushes. The first fruits ripen 50 days after sowing in the ground. The variety is especially valued for the richness and crispness of the pods, the absence of hard fibers and parchment flavor.You can plant small bushes not only in open soil, but also in a separate container for growing at home. By growing beans at home, you can have fresh fruit on hand throughout the year. The advantages of Mascotte legumes include high yield, long pods and ease of care.

Kentucky Blue Pole

An American variety of green beans that has a juicy and sweet taste. The fruits ripen in 60-65 days and grow in large quantities if basic agricultural practices are followed. The bushes of the plant are tall, since the climbing vines grow up to 2.5 m. Due to the large height, it is recommended to tie up the seedlings to prevent them from breaking. The length of the green pods is 20 cm. The main features include resistance to adverse climatic conditions, ease of cultivation, and abundant yield.

Gold Mine

Bush green beans with sweet fruits. The plant is considered early ripening, since the growing season lasts no more than 55 days. Upright growing bushes are distinguished by abundant foliage, the pods are tied in clusters, which significantly increases the amount of harvest. From one bush of the plant it is possible to obtain about 800 g of beans. The sweetish taste has made Gold Mine popular in the culinary field. Using beans adds variety to many dishes.

Fakir

Mid-season green beans with a pod length of more than 50 cm and a diameter of about 1 cm. The pulp of the beans is juicy and tender. The Fakir variety belongs to the climbing category. The length of the vines reaches 3 m. To grow the plant, the use of supports is required, since heavy fruits can break the stems.The Fakir variety of legumes was bred by Russian breeders and endowed with all the necessary characteristics for growing in the northern regions. Beans are valued for their high disease resistance and stable yield.

Spaghetti

The variety with the unusual name Spaghetti is a subspecies of the Vigna group and is an early ripening variety. The fruits ripen 2 months after planting the seed. It is possible to harvest about 5 kg of harvest from each climbing bean bush, subject to basic care rules. The length of the pods reaches 55 cm, the diameter is up to 1 cm. The main distinguishing characteristic is the juicy pods without peel and hard internal partitions between the beans. The fruits do not have a characteristic bean flavor, which allows them to be used in the preparation of various dishes.

Fortex

The Fortex variety, developed by French breeders, has a pronounced aroma, pleasant taste, delicate pulp and elongated pods. The fruits have no partitions, and the valves are very soft and do not squeeze the beans. The main positive characteristics are fast cooking and a rich composition of nutritional components. The length of the pods is 20-30 cm, the growing season with proper care lasts about 80 days, so Fortex belongs to the late-ripening category. Experienced gardeners advise growing this variety in greenhouse conditions or in open ground in the southern territories.

Red Podded Asparagus

Red Podded Asparagus is a vigorous climbing bush with abundant foliage that produces many long purple pods. Due to their unusual shade, beans are often used by summer residents for decorative purposes. The length of the fruit reaches 80 cm.Beans have high taste characteristics and are actively used in the culinary field for a variety of dishes.

Asparagus Yardlong

A classic variety grown by many gardeners in their summer cottages. Climbing bushes grow up to 4 m in height, so they require a garter on reliable supports. The maximum length of asparagus bean pods reaches 80 cm. The crop is valued for its ease of care, consistently high yield, and protection from pests and diseases. The period of active ripening is about 80 days, which allows us to classify the variety as late-ripening. It is better to plant Asparagus Yardlong in greenhouses, since in short and cool summer conditions the fruits will not have time to fully ripen.

Bona

A heat-loving mid-season variety with a growing season of 75-80 days. The bushes of the plant are distinguished by strong stems and compactness (height up to 40 cm). The light green pods are straight and fleshy, do not contain hard fibers, and are located in the upper part of the crop. The variety is suitable for long-term storage by canning.

It is not recommended to freeze Bona beans, as there is a risk of loss of taste characteristics. It is better to grow this variety in well-lit and warmed areas. Optimal temperature conditions for fast and proper growth are +20...+25 degrees.

Beans Melody

The climbing crop Melody brings a large harvest in the early stages of ripening. The period from the appearance of the first shoots to the harvesting of the first fruits is 45-50 days. The length of the beans is 24-25 cm, the shape is xiphoid, the color is dark green, the structure is without a parchment layer and internal fibers. For bushes to grow, it is necessary to provide strong support.

The main advantages include easy tolerance to drought and low temperatures, which makes it possible to grow green beans in regions with a predominant cool climate. High taste characteristics make it possible to use it in cooking and add variety to the taste of familiar dishes.

Caramel

Possessing a rich and sweet taste, the Caramel variety is in great demand among modern gardeners. In addition to the unusual taste properties, the advantages include early ripening (55 days from germination of the first shoots to harvest), large bush sizes (45-60 cm), and disease resistance. This variety can be grown from May to July so that the fruits have time to fully ripen. For planting, beds located in a constantly illuminated area, protected from drafts and strong winds, with light fertile soil are suitable.

Hell Rem

High-yielding climbing beans, distinguished among a wide variety of product types by an unusual mushroom aroma. The grains have a pinkish color. The fruits grow juicy and tender. Dishes with the addition of the Ad Rem variety give the impression of using real mushrooms.

This variety is loved by many summer residents not only for its taste characteristics, but also for its ease of care and resistance to various temperatures. By regularly watering the bushes and providing good lighting, you will be able to get a large harvest 50-60 days after planting.

Flamingo

An early ripening bush variety that produces the first fruits after 55-60 days from the appearance of the first shoots. Each plant contains about 10 pods, 15 cm long, bright red in color, without internal fibers and a parchment layer. The seeds are light with pink streaks.The variety has good yield when grown in any climatic conditions. Ripe fruits are suitable for freezing, canning and fresh consumption. The seedling method of growing the crop is allowed (sowing in separate containers is carried out in early May, and transplanting into open ground - a month later).

Laura

An early variety of green beans with high yields and rich taste characteristics. By growing this variety of the legume family, it is possible to obtain tender and sugary beans that can be stored for a long time without losing their original properties. Laura's fruits ripen extensively, making it easy to harvest.

In practice, the collection period lasts no more than two weeks. The pods grow up to 12 cm in length, have a cylindrical shape and a yellowish tint. There are no partitions or obvious fibers inside the fruit.

Enchantress

The ripening time for Enchantress beans is 45-50 days. You can grow the crop at the beginning of the season to free up the beds for the next planting. The yield reaches 3.2 kg per square of land. The value of the variety lies in its good tolerance to drought and low temperatures, resistance to dangerous pests, and preservation of taste characteristics after heat treatment or freezing. Enchantress is used in the preparation of various dishes, as it gives them an unusual aroma and saturates them with a vitamin complex.

Winner

A classic, fiber-free variety with green, flat beans. The crop takes a long time to ripen, and the first fruits can be harvested only 3 months after planting. It is better to grow Winner beans in greenhouse conditions so that the plants do not die due to low temperatures.If you want to plant bushes in open ground, you should resort to the seedling method.

For active and proper growth, a temperature of about 23 degrees, constant lighting of the area, cleaning the beds of weeds and regular watering are required. The peculiarity of the Winner legumes is that the crop has not only food, but also decorative purposes.

Purple Lady

Spectacular appearance is the main characteristic of the Purple Lady variety. The plant is decorated with large deep purple inflorescences. Climbing bushes have a height of up to 1.5 m and are often used as decorations. The 15 cm long pods are shaped like elongated tubes. The variety is considered early ripening, as it ripens 55-60 days after germination of the first shoots. White beans have a high taste and are used as an ingredient in many dishes.

Harmony

The mid-season variety Harmony ripens in 65-85 days after planting. The first shoots can be seen within a week. The average height of the plant is 3-3.5 m, so reliable support and tying are necessary to preserve the stems. The beans have a round, slightly curved shape and a yellow tint. There are no partitions or parchment layer inside the pods.

The seeds begin to actively germinate and produce the first shoots provided the ambient temperature is within 10-12 degrees. Harmony beans are demanding of moderate soil moisture, but are difficult to tolerate excess water.

Spanish white

A giant variety of the legume family with white fruits is called the Spanish white bean. Despite the name, the variety has gained great popularity in France and Italy.Among the many advantages, it is worth noting not only the large size, but also the unpretentiousness of the crop to environmental conditions, the ability to withstand short-term drought, and resistance to pests that are often found in the soil. Spanish white green beans are full of fiber, so frequent consumption of them has a beneficial effect on the human body.

Spatula

Shovel beans bear juicy fruits with a pronounced taste. This type contains a high content of proteins, carbohydrates, fiber, minerals and vitamins. All components have a positive effect on health with frequent use of the product. The culture does not lose its beneficial characteristics and taste after heat treatment, freezing and canning. The properties of the product allow it to be stored for a long time.

Gold Necklace

An unpretentious climbing variety that demonstrates high yield. The period from planting seeds to harvesting is 65-70 days. The height of the bushes reaches 1.5-2 m, so support is required when growing. Golden Necklace seeds are valued for their nutritional characteristics and vitamin composition. Even unripe beans can be eaten as side dishes for dishes. The culture is also suitable for freezing and pickling.

Yellow Neck

The Yellow Neck variety, widespread in many regions, is a compact bush 30-40 cm high. The growing season from the moment of sowing is no more than 65 days, subject to proper care. The fruits are located in the upper part of the bushes. Light yellow beans grow up to 12 cm in length and are located in pods without internal partitions. The culture is famous for its nutritional qualities and excellent taste.

Features of cooking green beans

To get the most out of eating beans, it is important to follow a few rules when using them in cooking. Green beans must be cleaned of side fibers, as they can give an unpleasant aftertaste. Fruit cleaning begins from the central part; protective fibers are removed along the entire length of the pod.

Before direct preparation, the product should be treated with boiled water to destroy dirt, toxic substances and all bacteria accumulating on the surface. If you fry the fruits in a frying pan or keep them in hot water for a long time, you will be able to completely get rid of the harmful component - phenazine. Green beans can be boiled, pickled, baked or eaten fresh after heat treatment. Some varieties of crops are not recommended for pickling and canning due to the risk of loss of nutritional value and beneficial properties.

Beans can be used as an ingredient for soups, main courses or vegetable salads. Varieties with a sweetish flavor are often used as a filling when making pies. Boiled pods of the culture can be seasoned with sour cream or spicy garlic sauce and served as an independent dish. The maximum benefit from the legume family will be when the fruits are evaporated on a wire rack under the influence of a water bath.

To always be able to cook green beans, you should freeze them after harvesting. When exposed to cold, the product does not lose its natural properties and vitamin and mineral composition.

In addition, pre-defrosting is not required for culinary use. After taking the beans out of the refrigerator, just place them in a boiling liquid and wait until they are fully cooked for about 5 minutes.If you keep the fruits in boiling water, the beans will begin to actively produce carcinogens that can negatively affect your health. If cooking in a slow cooker, soak the beans in cold water for 2-3 hours to remove toxic substances from the surface.