Planting and caring for nevus in the open ground, description of species and varieties

An indispensable element in landscape design is the cornflower, which has earned popularity due to its long flowering and interesting shrub shape. Many gardeners love the plant for its simplicity, elegance and harmony with other plants in the garden when creating compositions. If you want to decorate an area with cornflowers, you must first carefully study all the nuances of planting and the subtleties of caring for the perennial.

Description and features

Leucanthemum, the official name of which is Leucanthemum, belongs to the Asteraceae family. In the wild, it can be found in temperate regions. It is actively used in landscaping and landscape design.

Its characteristic features are its height, which is up to 60 cm. The root system is superficial, the stem is erect. The leaves are lanceolate-oblong in shape and rich green in color, located along the stem or at the roots. The inflorescences are a shield with a hemispherical shape, its diameter ranges from 2.5 to 12 cm. The flowers are concentrated in the center, have a yellow color and are called tubular, and the reed flowers are located at the edges and have a white tint.

The flowering process is repeated twice in one season. You can admire the first one in May, and it lasts until July, then the plants bloom again in August and delight until September.

Nivyanik can be either perennial or annual. In all species, the fruit is a capsule with seeds located on one side. Seeds have a germination period of 2 to 3 years.

Growing seedlings

In floriculture, when breeding nevus, excellent results are obtained by growing seedlings.The advantage of this fascinating process is that these plants bloom earlier than those sown directly in the flowerbed, and for a long time delight with their luxurious flowers.

Deadlines

Planting seeds for seedlings is carried out in the last ten days of February or early March.

Soil preparation

To plant nevus seeds, you need to purchase special soil from a flower shop. You can also make your own soil mixture based on sand and peat.

How to plant

Sowing includes the following steps:

1. Before sowing, sterilize the soil and dishes using a solution of potassium permanganate.
2. Place a drainage layer at the bottom of the container, then pour in the soil mixture, leaving the container empty 3 cm from the edge.
3. Having leveled the surface, distribute the seeds, deepening them by 1 cm, lightly sprinkle the top with soil.
4. Spray with water at room temperature using a spray bottle.
5. Cover with glass or film material.

Temperature and light conditions

For successful germination of seedlings, it is recommended to maintain a room temperature of 22 degrees, the light should be diffused. Care at this point consists of daily ventilation of the greenhouse and moistening the soil as it dries. The seedlings will not be long in coming and will appear after 7-14 days; the shelter must be immediately removed and grown, maintaining a temperature of 17-20 degrees and the same lighting.

Fertilizer

When sprouting, when watering seedlings, use a non-concentrated solution of complex fertilizer instead of water.

Picking

When the sprouts form 3 true leaves, carry out a dive, planting the seedlings in individual containers. For soil, take a mixture based on substances such as peat, sand and humus.Place the containers in a bright place and carry out moderate watering.

Top dressing

After picking, the sprouts need to be fed with a solution based on organic fertilizer. Carry out the procedure twice with a time interval of 3-4 weeks.

Planting in open ground

By adhering to certain rules for planting cornflowers in the garden, you can grow flowering bushes of unique beauty.

Deadlines

In May, as soon as the threat of frost at night has passed, the seedlings are planted in open soil.

Site selection

The ideal place for cultivating nevus is an open, illuminated area. It should be taken into account that due to a lack of light, the shoots stretch out and bend, and few flowers are formed.

Soil requirements

Nivyanik prefers fertile, moist soil, which is loose and contains peat, sand, and humus in equal parts.

The plant does not tolerate heavy clay soils and low-lying areas..

Planting scheme

Algorithm for planting seedlings in a flowerbed:

1. Dig holes 25-30 cm deep, maintaining a distance between planting units of at least 30 cm.
2. Fill the bottom of the pit with drainage, which will be sand, broken brick or thermal insulating expanded clay granules. Sprinkle the soil mixture on top.
3. Plant the seedlings in prepared holes. When planting, cover the sprouts with loose, lump-free soil, while keeping them strictly vertical.
4. Compact the soil and water using warm water.

When the seedlings are planted, proceed to the stage of saving and creating good conditions for the plants to develop.

Care

By following simple rules for caring for the plant, you can get strong and abundantly flowering nevus bushes that will decorate any area or local area with their magnificent appearance.To do this, attention should be paid to watering, loosening the soil, fertilizing, as well as combating major diseases and dangerous pests.

Watering

Nivyanik demonstrates resistance to drought. Watering is required for the perennial to form exquisite flowers and normal growth and development. It is important to avoid stagnation of water during the procedure, as this will provoke the occurrence of fungal diseases and rotting of the roots. A lack of moisture can cause flowers to wilt and bushes to age.

After watering, it is recommended to mulch the soil using sawdust and straw..

Loosening and weeding

Loosening the soil is an important measure for caring for nevus, as it helps reduce the evaporation of internal moisture, as well as the free flow of oxygen to the root system. Following this procedure will produce strong plants with large and bright flowers.

Weeding is also a must, as it gets rid of weeds that draw moisture and nutrients from the soil that are necessary for the normal growth of flowers.

Trimming

To maintain the beauty of the plantings, you need to cut off the wilted flowers at the time of flowering, if you do not plan to collect seeds. At the end of flowering, to maintain the decorative appearance of the bushes, they must be trimmed to a height of 15 cm from the surface of the ground. In the autumn, cut the plants to the ground so that in the spring young shoots grow without obstacles and dry stems do not spoil the beauty of the plantings.

Top dressing

Perennial crops are responsive to fertilizing; it is important to observe the dose when applying fertilizers. Feed the cornflower twice a month, alternating organic matter with mineral elements.

Preparing for winter

Nivyanik is one of the winter-hardy plants, able to withstand temperature drops down to -20 degrees.But for the purpose of prevention, it is better to cover the cornflower with foliage or coniferous spruce branches for the winter. In spring, remove the cover to prevent the bushes from rotting away.

Diseases and pests

Niwberry can be affected by diseases and attacked by pests, especially in damp, cool weather.

Rust

A fungal disease that manifests itself as reddish and brownish powdery pustules on the underside of the leaves and on the stems. Infected bushes need to be removed from the flowerbed; rust is difficult to treat.

Powdery mildew

The disease can affect not all varieties of cornflower. Its appearance is signaled by a white coating on the lower foliage. At the first symptoms, spray using Bordeaux mixture.

Downy mildew

The signal of downy mildew is the formation of light yellow oily spots on the leaves, which increase over time and merge, which leads to drying out of the leaf plate. Severely affected bushes that have lost their decorative properties must be destroyed.

spotting

The presence of spots of various shapes, colors and sizes on the foliage and stems of the cornflower indicates the occurrence of spotting. As a result, the disease leads to the death of the entire plant. Fallen and damaged foliage must be removed. At the first symptoms, treat the bushes with any preparation containing copper.

Fusarium

In diseased young nevus bushes, the foliage turns pale, droops and dries out. In adults, at the initial stage, yellowing of the lower leaves occurs, then the entire plant. The appearance of the first signs requires prompt elimination of infected plants.

Rot of the stem base

The cornflower withers, its roots and root collar rot. The disease is concentrated at the base and over time spreads up the stem, the foliage in the lower part turns brown. Control measures consist of destroying infected bushes and treating the rest with systemic fungicides.

Bacterial cancer

White growths appear on the roots and root collar of the cornflower, which subsequently darken and decompose. They lead to a slowdown in plant growth followed by its death. Infected specimens must be removed from the garden beds and the holes treated with bleach.

Slobbery pennies

A large sucking insect, 10 mm long, yellow-brown in color. Its larvae feed on the sap of plant tissues, enveloping leaf petioles and stems with foamy saliva. As a result, the damaged parts become deformed and dry out. Control measures include collecting and destroying larvae, as well as treating nevus bushes with special chemicals diluted in accordance with the attached instructions.

Thrips

Thrips are considered dangerous for nevus. They settle on inflorescences, causing the splendor of white petals and yellow cores to fade. Treatment with an insecticidal solution is considered an effective weapon against insects.

Chrysanthemum miners

Chrysanthemum leaf miners have also chosen the foliage of the cornflower, gnawing winding passages inside the leaves. Only treatment with insecticides will help get rid of them.

Kinds

The simplicity and elegance of the cornflower fascinates and does not leave indifferent flower growers, who, to give the site a unique look, give preference to the following varieties of the crop.

Bolotny

A bushy, low-growing flowering plant, 25-30 cm high, with thin stems and green foliage with jagged edges. It blooms in the last ten days of June with white inflorescences 3 cm in diameter.

Kuril

The perennial is characterized by a powerful rhizome, its height is up to 20 cm.Niberry bushes have dissected foliage and thin stems, on which single baskets up to 8 cm in diameter are formed. The white flowers of cornflower with a yellow tubular center attract attention, pleasing with their beauty later than other varieties.

Largest

This type of cornflower can reach a height of up to 1 m. It is valued for its large simple and double flowers, the diameter of which is 12 cm. A feature of the variety is considered to be late flowering: from the beginning of July.

Ordinary

A plant that has a straight, unbranched stem that grows up to 90 cm. The bush is distinguished by a powerful rhizome from which lateral shoots grow, so an ordinary cornflower can have a diameter of up to 30 cm. The leaves are green in color, oval in shape and have teeth along the edge. The nivberry species is popular due to its flowers, characterized by a yellow center up to 5 cm in diameter, surrounded by long white ray-shaped petals. Blooms in May and late autumn.

Terry

A beautiful flower 60-70 cm high with tall thin dark green stems, shiny large leaves and flowers consisting of many white petals and a yellow center. Nielweed blooms in June-July.

Large

Nivyanik, which has straight stems and large flowers with white wide petals and a yellow center. Abundant flowering in June-July.

Popular varieties

The varietal diversity of cornflower is represented by many hybrids.

Alaska

The variety demonstrates resistance to frost, therefore it is popular in regions with cold climates. Nielberry has a slightly pubescent, strong stem, narrow, shiny, dark green foliage and large white flowers up to 10 cm in diameter.

Beethoven

The plant, 60 cm high, is characterized by erect stems that are heavily leafy at the bottom. Baskets up to 8 cm in diameter, solitary, apical. The marginal reed flowers are white, oblong, finely toothed at the apex. Flowering occurs in July.

Christine Hagemann

A garden favorite with anemoid inflorescences 8-10 cm in diameter. The marginal reed flowers of the cornflower are long and white, behind them there is a ring containing short curled white petals that completely cover the yellow center. Flowering begins in July.

Little Princess

A low-growing perennial with a height of 15 to 20 cm. Niwberry attracts attention with its large bright white flowers with a diameter of 6-7 cm. It blooms in July-August.

Lady Snow

A compact bush 25-30 cm high, 40 cm in diameter. Against the background of low shoots, the inflorescences seem large, although their diameter does not exceed 7 cm. Nielweed has green foliage and white flowers up to 4 cm in size. It blooms in mid-summer.

Stern von Antwerp

Nivyanik belongs to the tall varieties, has inflorescences up to 10 cm in diameter. Reed flowers in baskets are white, tubular flowers are yellow.

Maxima Koenig

The perennial is capable of growing up to 1 m. It has baskets up to 12 cm in diameter, containing 1-2 rows of white reed flowers and dark yellow median tubular flowers. Mesmerizes with the beauty of flowers in June.

May Queen

A popular variety of cornflower up to 50 cm high. It is valued for its bright green foliage, which surrounds the stems and forms an impenetrable carpet under large flowers, with a slightly convex yellow center that frames wide white petals. Pleases with flowering in early summer.

Sans Souci

Beautiful cornflower up to 1 m high.The bush is decorated with inflorescences with a diameter of 12 cm, containing yellow median flowers and white reed flowers arranged in 6-8 rows, up to 5 cm long. It blooms in the last ten days of May.

How to prolong flowering

In order to admire the luxurious flowers of the plant again during the season, it is necessary, provided that you do not plan to collect seeds, to cut off the withered flower stalks. This procedure will preserve the strength of the plant and incline it to secondary flowering at the end of August, in the fall.

Collection and storage of seeds

August is the time to collect cornflower seeds. To do this, select healthy bushes in advance and leave large flower stalks on them. When the petals dry out and the baskets turn brown, cut off the seed pods and send them to a warm, well-ventilated place to dry. Then remove the cornflower seeds from the baskets and place them in a bag made of paper, which should have holes to provide air access to the seed material.

Store in a dark place at room temperature.

Having studied the information about the unpretentious, luxurious nevus and convinced of the simplicity of growing a flower from seeds, novice gardeners will definitely be eager to decorate their plot with it.