Description of fruit grapes of the Solaris variety and its characteristics, pros and cons

Grapes are a perennial plant. The fruits are good fresh or dried. Indispensable in winemaking. Grows in many regions. But it’s not easy to find a variety for cold climate areas. One of the best representatives of this crop for the northern regions is considered to be the German grape selection Solaris. The variety is popular due to its unpretentiousness, frost resistance, early ripening, and excellent taste.

Description of Solaris grapes

The hybrid variety was bred in Germany by crossing Muscat Ottonel with Northern Saperavi. The result was early-ripening grapes with amber-colored berries. The high percentage of sugar content makes it possible to use it fresh. With high sugar accumulation and low acidity reduction, it is an excellent raw material for winemaking. White wines are of high quality, with a pleasant taste and aroma.

The bushes are tall, up to five meters in height. The clusters are medium-sized, cylindrical, loose. The growing season is three and a half months.

Positive and negative properties of the variety

The positive properties of the variety include the following:

1. High yield.
2. Early ripening.
3. Resistance to diseases and pests.
4. High frost resistance.
5. Grows on any type of soil, except wetlands and salt marshes.
6. Use for medicinal purposes.
7. Production of quality wine.

The following are considered negative:

1. Dense foliage interferes with ventilation of the bushes and air access to the berries.
2. The sweet fruits attract wasps and birds.
3. Mandatory formation of a bush with minimal density.
4. The need for sufficient magnesium content in the soil.

Characteristics of the fruit variety

Technical wine grapes Solaris are popular among winegrowers. This is due to the high qualities of the variety.

Increased frost resistance

Due to its increased frost resistance, the variety can grow in any region. Solaris is able to withstand thirty-degree frost. With the help of grafting, the frost resistance of grapes increases. In autumn, plants are prepared for winter. In adult bushes with a woody trunk, damaged, dried branches are pruned.

In young plants, after pruning, the vines are covered for the winter by laying them on the ground.

Disease resistance

The hybrid grape variety Solaris is resistant to many diseases. Under favorable conditions, you can avoid infection with dangerous diseases such as downy mildew and powdery mildew. It is necessary to thin out the vineyard. Spread the branches daily for better ventilation and penetration of sunlight. These steps will help avoid fungal diseases.

When precipitation occurs during the growing season, the green parts of the plant become infected with downy mildew. The red spots that appear dry out and the crop may die if measures are not taken to save it. Powdery mildew appears on the front side of the leaves in the form of a coating. If heavy rains begin after the heat, the ripe berries burst, and gray rot with a moldy smell appears on the cracks. To avoid infection with gray rot, fruits and leaves must be provided with access to air and sun. And we also need preventive treatment with special means.

To protect overripe berries from damage by noble rot, plants are treated with fungicides. In case of tick attacks, the affected shoots are removed and the bushes are sprayed with acaricides.

It is easier to prevent a disease than to treat it. Therefore, prevention is of great importance in the fight against diseases and pests.

Landing

Grapes are a heat-loving plant that needs a lot of sunlight. It is necessary to choose a non-shaded area, at a sufficient distance from tall trees. Also, when planting, it is worth considering that grapes do not tolerate cold winds. This variety is planted according to generally accepted rules.

Growing technology

You don’t need to spend a lot of time growing Solaris grapes.You just need to follow a few simple rules.

Bush pruning

The bush is pruned in the third year after planting. The procedure is carried out in the fall, after the leaves naturally fall, or in early spring. Pruning is necessary to improve the quality and size of the berries. Since the bush is vigorous, it is recommended to trim the leaves to ventilate the clusters.

Watering

Watering should be moderate. Excess water in the soil leads to cracking of grapes. In the future, the damaged berry may become infected with rot. In hot summers, you need to pour one and a half buckets of water under one bush. Watering is done once every seven days, after the heat subsides, twice a month.

Fertilizer

You can feed the bush twice a season. The first fertilizing with organic fertilizer is done in the spring, during the period of swelling of the buds. Secondary fertilization occurs in mid-summer, with potassium fertilizers, for better ripening of the berries.

Treatment for diseases

Solaris grapes are quite resistant to various diseases. It does not require preventive treatment. But improper care can lead to grapes becoming infected with gray rot. To prevent this from happening, timely pruning of the bush is carried out to better ventilate the bunches. It is important not to over-moisten the soil.

Pest control

One of the dangerous pests is grape mite. Infection occurs at the moment of bud break. The pest falls on the grape bush with a strong gust of wind, with the help of large insects and birds. The leaves become deformed, acquire a brown tint, and become covered with white cobwebs. These signs indicate that the vineyard is infected.To combat this pest, it is necessary to treat the plant with acaricides. Before processing, remove damaged parts.

Wasps and birds are no less dangerous for grapes; they are attracted by the sweet juice and pleasant aroma of the berries. As protection, a mesh bag is placed on each bunch of grapes.

Preparing the bush for winter

In regions where the temperature does not drop below thirty degrees, the grapes are not covered. In other cases, the bush should be protected from severe frosts. After harvesting the grapes, it is necessary to trim the bush and treat it with copper sulfate. Place the prepared vine in a shallow trench, sprinkled with leaves, and cover with a wooden shield on top.

After the first frost, the shield is covered with film, sprinkled with earth on top, and a layer of straw is laid out.

Collection, storage and use of crops

The Solaris grape variety is very early, harvesting begins at the end of August. At home, the berry can be stored for up to three months. The harvest is harvested in dry weather.

Undamaged bunches are placed in a special fruit box, in one layer. Then they are stored in a dry room with a temperature within four degrees. Grapes can be consumed fresh, or they can be used to make aromatic, healthy juice or white wine.