Description and characteristics of the apple tree variety Iyulskoye Chernenko, history and cultivation

Gardeners began cultivating apple trees centuries ago. Modern selection has made it possible to improve old varieties and create new ones. One of the most popular apple trees among gardeners is the Iyulskoye Chernenko variety. Universal to use and unpretentious to grow, July Chernenko will decorate any garden.

Description of the apple tree variety Iyulskoe Chernenko

Before purchasing a seedling for planting on your site, you need to study all the characteristics of the selected apple tree hybrid. First of all, attention is paid to the description of the yield, the taste of the fruit, fruiting and the general characteristics of the tree.

general information

The variety Iyulskoye Chernenko belongs to apple trees with early fruit ripening. The hybrid was bred by breeder S. F. Chernenko. The new variety was named after him. To obtain a hybrid, the breeder crossed the Anis Scarlet and Papirovka varieties.

Tree height

The tree is tall. The height of the main trunk reaches from 5 to 7 cm. Due to its height, the tree is noticeably different from other apple trees.

Foliage

The crown is round in shape. The density is average. The branches grow upward. The leaves are small, light green in color, pointed in shape, with carved edges. The tip is sharp.

Apples

Ripe apples of medium size. The shape of the fruit is round, the skin is ribbed. The skin color is light green, with a slight crimson blush and rich red stripes throughout the skin.

A waxy coating is visible on the peel. Some fruits have a seam, like the parent variety Papirovka.

Characteristics of July Chernenko

When studying the characteristics of a tree, attention is paid to the formation of the crown, pollination of inflorescences, winter hardiness and taste of the fruit.

Crown formation

Every year in spring and autumn the crown is pruned. If you do not prune the tree, it will soon grow and fruit production will decrease. In the spring, formative pruning is carried out. And in the fall, diseased and damaged branches are pruned.

Flower pollination

The apple tree variety July Chernenko is self-sterile. Other varieties of apples are planted next to the tree. In addition, you need to attract bees to the garden. For example, spray the inflorescences with sugar or honey solution.

Increasing winter hardiness

First of all, to increase the winter hardiness of any fruit tree, you need to mulch the soil every year. In addition, it is important to regularly apply mineral and organic fertilizers.

Apple tree resistance to diseases and pests

The hybrid apple tree Iyulskoe Chernenko is resistant to the main diseases of fruit trees, except for scab.

Taste and smell of fruits

The flesh of ripe apples is light green in color, juicy, with a sweet and sour aftertaste. The aroma is pronounced. Apples ripen in the last days of July and until the first ten days of August.

Vitamins and microelements of apple

Apples contain large amounts of iron and ascorbic acid. In addition, the pulp is rich in B vitamins, magnesium, phosphorus and other microelements beneficial to the human body.

Growing areas

The Central and Volga regions are suitable for growing the Iyulskoye Chernenko variety. Due to its frost resistance, the tree is suitable for cultivation in Siberia.

Lifespan and fruiting

The lifespan of a tree is no more than 35 years. Even if the tree grows longer, the yield will decrease. Fruiting begins in the 4-5th year after planting the seedling in the ground.

Apple tree planting

Planting a tree is an important stage during which the future productivity of the apple tree is laid.Young immature seedlings require increased care.

Preparatory work

Preparatory work includes:

• Selection and preparation of soil.
• Selecting a seedling for planting.
• Preparing a seedling for planting.

Preparatory work takes at least 3 weeks.

Choosing a landing site

The variety is unpretentious to the planting site. The tree grows well in sun and shade. But it is still advisable to give preference to sunny areas.

Soil preparation

The soil is prepared several weeks before planting the seedling. The soil is dug up and fertilizers are applied. Wood ash, rotted compost and nitrogen-containing fertilizers are added to the soil. Then the fertilizers are mixed with the soil and left for 2-3 weeks.

Digging a hole

The hole for planting the seedling is dug on the day the apple tree is planted.

Selection of seedlings

Only healthy seedlings without signs of damage are selected for planting. The roots should be intact and elastic.

Preparing the seedling for planting

Before planting in the ground, the root system of the seedling is placed in preparations that accelerate growth.

Distance between seedlings

July Chernenko is planted in groups of 3 seedlings. The distance between trees is at least 5 m.

When can you plant a tree?

The most favorable period for planting is considered to be autumn, from the last days of September to mid-October.

Landing: what for what

Stages of planting a seedling:

• Dig a hole and fill it with fertilizers, leave for 2-3 weeks.
• A few hours before planting, soak the rhizome in a growth activator.
• The pit must be at least 70 cm deep.
• Place the seedling in the hole, straighten the roots and cover with soil.
• Compact the soil near the trunk.

At the end of planting, water the tree generously with warm water. Drive a stake next to the trunk and tie the apple tree to it.

How to grow an apple tree

Apple tree care includes:

• Fertilizer application.
• Watering and loosening the soil.
• Crown formation.
• Prevention of diseases and insects.

You can increase the fruiting of your apple tree with proper care..

Crown formation by pruning

The roots are trimmed from the 2nd year after planting. Trim dry and damaged branches. The branches of last year's growth are also shortened.

Flowering and pollination

To increase pollination, other varieties of fruit trees are planted next to the apple tree. In addition, bees are attracted by spraying the inflorescences with honey solution.

Watering

During the season, the apple tree is watered 4 times. First time in the spring. The second time after the appearance of the buds. The third time after flowering and the fourth - with the beginning of fruit harvesting. In autumn, watering is stopped.

Protecting the tree from pests and diseases

As a preventive measure, apple trees are sprayed with a solution of Bordeaux mixture every spring.

Fertilizing the apple tree

The first fertilizing is applied in the spring after the snow melts. Use nitrogen-containing fertilizers. The second time the apple trees are fed with phosphorus and potassium during bud formation. The third feeding is applied during the period of fruit formation. The apple trees are fed the last time before frost with organic fertilizers.

Mulching

Mulch the apple tree in the fall with peat, humus or straw. The mulch layer should be at least 20 cm.

What pollinating varieties are needed?

The best pollinating trees include apple varieties:

• White filling.
• Grushovka Moskovskaya.
• Lungwort.
• Quinty.

Apple trees are planted at a distance of 4-5 m from each other.

Fruiting

Fruiting begins in mid-July and continues until August. Apples ripen en masse.

Selection

Apple trees are propagated using layering, cuttings, seeds and grafting.The easiest way to grow the July Chernenko apple tree is by cuttings or by planting an adult seedling.

Harvest

The first harvest of the Iulskoe Chernenko apple tree is harvested at the end of July. Apples are harvested immediately after they begin to ripen. Due to the weight of the fruit, branches often break.

Collection

The harvest begins in July. It is advisable to immediately pick apples from trees, without waiting for them to fall from the tree themselves. Apples are also picked from the ground, but most of these fruits turn out to be wormy.

Storage

Store the harvested crop in a cool, dark room at temperatures up to +15 degrees. When properly stored, the fruits are stored until late autumn. The apples are laid out on a flat surface in one layer. They need to be inspected regularly and those fruits that have begun to rot should be thrown out.

But it's best to eat apples as soon as possible after harvest or use them in cooking.

The Iyulskoye Chernenko variety is not a winter variety, so it cannot be stored for a long time even under ideal conditions.

Transportation

Due to their thick skin, apples lend themselves well to transportation over long distances. The fruits are suitable for sale in markets and stores.

Usage

Ripe apples are versatile in use. They are eaten fresh because the fruit pulp is juicy and sweet. Apples are also suitable for making pies, pies and other baked goods. Apples are used to make preserves, jams, jams, and compotes.