There are many varieties of apple varieties. All differ from each other in winter hardiness, disease resistance, and high yield. But not every fruit tree can develop in all climatic conditions. Therefore, breeders develop crops to grow in certain regions so that they grow and produce rich harvests. One of them is the Rossianka apple tree.
Description of the variety
Refers to a late winter species. The Russian apple tree was bred by S.I. Isaev.The breeder crossed two varieties - Babushkino and Antonovka Obyknovennaya, they have excellent winter hardiness. The new variety inherited this quality and was also endowed with a significant advantage: it is resistant to scab disease.
From the moment the seedling is planted until the first fruiting, 5-6 years pass. The harvest ripens every year.
When describing this fruit crop, the following features are always indicated:
- trees grow of medium size;
- the crown is rounded with a large number of leaves;
- the weight of apples rarely exceeds 120 g;
- fruits grow round or slightly conical;
- color - yellow with a golden tint;
- the flesh is white;
- taste - sweet with sourness.
The apples do not have time to ripen on the trees, so they are picked earlier. To ripen, the fruits need to sit for 1 month.
Advantages and disadvantages of the variety
Positive reviews from gardeners highlight the following advantages of growing Russian apple trees:
- Properly organized pre-winter activities guarantee good winter hardiness of trees.
- The culture is endowed with high immunity, so it is not afraid of many diseases, especially scab.
- Nighttime temperature changes in winter and spring are also not capable of harming apple trees.
- The yield indicator is at a high level.
- Fruits are stored for a long time.
- The fruits contain many vitamins and ascorbic acid.
The variety has no negative qualities. The only drawback is that apples cannot be tasted directly from the tree in the summer.
Characteristics
Rossiyanka apple trees have so many features that it is necessary to talk about each of them separately.
Sizes of an adult tree and annual growth
The plant reaches an average size of 4-4.5 meters, rarely up to 5 m.If a more compact tree is needed, gardeners, using proper shaping and pruning, grow apple trees up to 3.5 m.
The report of the breeding station specialists states that medium-sized trees have a minimum growth of 60 cm. If a smaller size is observed, then the apple tree had uncomfortable conditions for development during the year: disease or pests.
Too much growth doesn't mean anything good either. This is due to the fact that the branches do not have time to form well with such growth and will not be able to survive the cold.
Attention! If you feed apple trees with nitrogen fertilizers in excessive quantities, you cannot avoid an increase of more than 70 cm. Plants, feeding on nitrogen, develop too quickly and gain weight.
Productivity
After the Russian woman begins to bear fruit, the harvest is harvested annually in large quantities. The apples grow delicious, and popular demand is good.
Winter hardiness
Each of the maternal forms has a high resistance to winter cold. Consequently, the Russian woman has the same dignity, which is considered the main one among the rest.
Disease resistance
The apple tree is endowed with a strong immune system. Therefore, many infections and diseases bypass it. An important indicator when choosing this variety is its high resistance to scab.
Features of ripening and fruiting
From the moment the Russian apple tree is planted until the first harvest, 5-6 years pass. There are no breaks between fruitings, so the fruits are collected annually.
This crop has a late ripening period. Fruits are picked at the end of September - beginning of October. At this time they are still immature. Therefore, it is important to let them ripen in the house for a month so that you can eat juicy and tasty apples in winter.
Flowering and ripening times
The variety is winter, the flowering period is delayed in time in comparison with other apple trees. This stage occurs at the beginning - mid-June. If spring comes early, the first flowers appear from the end of May.
Apples ripen in October. But they may be ready for harvest earlier, it depends on the climatic conditions and weather during the season.
The fruits retain their appearance and taste for a long time. If you observe the temperature regime and maintain optimal air humidity, the shelf life increases until mid-spring.
