The Sverdlovchanin apple tree variety is valued by gardeners for a number of positive qualities: resistance to frost, high adaptive ability, ease of care, abundant yield and tasty fruits. Such indicators are especially relevant for the northern regions of Russia.
Description of the variety
Hybrid Sverdlovchanin - mid-winter type of ripening, obtained by selective crossing of the following varieties: Samotsvet, Zvezdochka, Yantar and Orange. Bred by L.A.Kotov on the basis of the Sverdlovsk horticulture station.
In the description of this apple variety, attention should be paid to the following aspects:
- A tall tree with an accelerated growth rate. The crown is openwork-spreading, sparse. Due to its abundant branching, it requires regular pruning.
- A well-developed root system, which has a positive effect on the survival rate of seedlings.
- The leaves are rich green in color, narrowed and elongated in shape. The edges of the plates have a wavy border.
- The flowers are pale pink, quite voluminous, with a wide cup and long stamens.
- The fruits are small, round in shape, with slight faceting. Covered with a thin peel, green in color. As they ripen, they become whitish-yellow, sometimes with a scarlet blush on the sides.
The flowering period of the Sverdlovchanin apple tree variety is in May, and the fruiting period is in September.
Distribution area: Volga region, Ural, Moscow region, Northern regions.
The culture grows well in lighted areas, with slight shading allowed. Prefers moist and fertile soil with neutral acidity. The apple tree needs abundant watering in dry weather. Responds well to organic and mineral fertilizing.
Advantages and disadvantages
Thanks to its advantages, the Sverdlovchanin apple variety has become in territorial demand. The main advantages include:
- stable and abundant yield;
- increased frost resistance;
- juicy, tasty and beautiful fruits;
- presence of immunity to scab.
Disadvantages include the small size of the fruits and their slow ripening.
Characteristics of the Sverdlovsk apple tree
Dimensions
The Sverdlovsk apple tree is quite tall - in adulthood it reaches a height of up to 7 meters. The annual growth is about 10-15 cm.
Productivity
The Sverdlovchanin variety apple tree has a high yield. Moreover, it is rapidly increasing every year. In the 12-13th year after planting, about 100 kg are removed from one tree.
Frequency of fruiting
Late fruiting hybrid. The first harvest is harvested 5-6 years after planting the seedlings, usually at the end of September. It is characterized by self-fertility - it pollinates on its own.
Due to its high winter hardiness, the frequency of fruiting of this apple tree variety is stable both in the northern zone of Russia and in the middle.
Winter hardiness
The Sverdlovsk apple tree is one of the frost-resistant varieties. Tolerates temperatures down to -40 °C without damaging the crop. Does not require shelter for the winter.
Thanks to this, the crop tolerates autumn and late spring frosts without problems when grown in the regions of Western Siberia.
Disease resistance
The variety is endowed with persistent immunity to scab and powdery mildew, which is inherent in most fruit crops. But it is often damaged by ultraviolet radiation.
It is necessary to carry out preventive treatment of plantings in spring and autumn - whitening the trunks and branches with lime. This protects against sunburn.
When cultivated in the Volga region, where there is high humidity, there is a high probability of developing fungal diseases. To preserve apple trees, stagnant water in the tree trunk is avoided.
Fruit evaluation
The fruits are medium in size, weighing 100-120 grams. The skin is thin and insensitive when bitten. The pulp is dense, juicy and crispy, with small granular inclusions. The taste of the fruit is sugary, with a slight sourness. According to the tasting scale, the variety is rated 5 points.
Apples are suitable for consumption immediately after picking and retain their consumer qualities until spring, due to their good keeping quality. The fruits are universal in use - suitable for fresh consumption and canning.
Ripening and fruiting
This apple variety is capable of self-pollinating. Most of the fruits are set due to cross-pollination of the plant with other winter varieties of apple trees.
In comparison with other apple hybrids, Sverdlovsk does not bear fruit soon. The first fruiting occurs at 6-7 years of growth. But the yield is always high, regardless of any weather factors.
Another feature is its rapid recovery ability after winter if the shoots freeze. The harvest does not suffer from this, nor does the frequency. Apples reach consumer ripeness in late September - early October.
What are the subspecies?
The Sverdlovchanin apple tree variety is divided into two subspecies:
- standard;
- columnar.
Stambovaya
A species obtained by grafting cuttings onto a bare trunk. The result is a fairly powerful and tall tree, five meters in height. Its crown is decorative due to its spherical clinical shape.
Advantages of a standard apple tree:
- Fruiting occurs 2 years earlier;
- high productivity;
- better resistance to low temperatures;
- decorativeness.
Caring for a standard apple tree is simple: timely pruning of the crown, fertilizing with nitrogen and other mineral compounds.
Columnar
It is obtained by grafting a cutting from a Sverdlovsk apple tree onto a rootstock with small branches on the surface. From it grows a tree no more than 2 meters tall and with a compact crown.This allows you to save space in your garden.
Advantages of this method of reproduction:
- accelerated and abundant fruiting;
- ease of care.
It is necessary to regularly do anti-aging pruning, and the plant does not need to form a crown.
This type of apple tree consistently produces a harvest for 15 years. After which it can be cut down.
Apple tree reviews
Olga, Kamensk:
— In the Urals it is very difficult to grow an apple tree that bears fruit regularly and well. This is due to the harsh climatic conditions. But on the recommendation of a neighbor at the dacha, they planted the Sverdlovchanin apple variety. Already in the fifth year, we harvested the first harvest and were surprised at how juicy and tasty the apples were. They make no less tasty compotes, preserves, jams and other sweet preparations. And we eat them fresh until the end of winter.
Svetlana, Norilsk:
— The Sverdlovsk apple tree has been growing in our garden for more than 20 years. Every year we cannot get enough of the harvest: the apples are small, but tasty and aromatic. Moreover, caring for the tree is not burdensome. The only thing is that it requires constant pruning. Otherwise, the apple tree grows greatly.
Anastasia, Nefteyugansk:
“Previously, only wild apple trees with small ranetkas grew on our site. Other varieties did not take root in our climate. However, the Sverdlovchanin apple variety exceeded all expectations. The seedlings immediately took root and after 6 years they finally tasted real apples for the first time. They are sweet and crunchy, even the juice flows when you bite into them. I recommend this variety to everyone.
