The best varieties of sweet cherries for growing in the Moscow region, planting and care

Berries grown on the plot mean confidence in their absolute benefits. The only difficulty is the correct selection of the species. What variety of cherries is suitable for the Moscow region. What characteristics of the variety must be taken into account to obtain the declared yield? These questions are asked by summer residents who have decided plant cherries.

Climatic conditions of the area

The climate characteristics of the Moscow region do not allow for the cultivation of fruit trees. But thanks to the work of breeders, species acclimatized to the region appear.

Climatic features of the region:

• Big difference between winter and summer temperatures.
• Temperature drops in winter, reaching -35 ⁰C.
• Little snowy winter.
• Contrast of weather, sudden change from hot to cool.

Currently, there are many varieties that are adapted to such conditions. Trees are able to withstand even the harshest weather.

Requirements for varieties

To successfully grow trees in a garden in the Moscow region, you need to take into account some subtleties when choosing a species.

External parameters

You should not grow trees that have some external parameters. The tall cherry tree is freezing. Fruit buds are especially at risk, the death of which will lead to loss of harvest.

Will do columnar cherry, the size of an adult plant is small, but this does not reduce the yield. In addition, summer residents of the Moscow region are trying to select low-growing varieties. They will also not freeze in winter.

Frost resistance

Since cherries are grown outdoors, you should not expect any variety to withstand the severe drops in winter temperatures. Breeders working on developing acclimatized varieties pay special attention to the degree of frost resistance of the tree.

They are trying to create winter-hardy species that can easily survive the Moscow winter. But to be sure, summer residents still cover their trees during the cold season.

Self-pollinating

There are very few self-fertile species of cherries, but they still exist. The sharply changing weather in the Moscow region in spring often opposes the successful work of insects.Self-fertile cherries produce a stable harvest, regardless of the vagaries of nature.

Immunity to diseases and pests

The higher the field health of a plant, the greater its popularity. It is advisable to select varieties that are resistant to coccomycosis, moniliosis and other fungal diseases. This is due to the fact that the climate of the Moscow region is humid, and therefore plants suffer from these diseases.

The best varieties for a given region

Choose a variety of cherries that meets all of the above requirements. Breeders have developed varieties that, in conditions of changeable climate, are capable of producing the declared yield.

Revna

Relatively short trees form a crown that, if properly cared for, does not block sunlight. It forms ovaries well, the fruits have an excellent sweet taste. The maximum weight of the berry is 8 g. It is not difficult to separate the stone, which plays an important role for those who grow cherries for processing.

With annual pruning and proper formation of the fruit tree, it gives its first harvest in the 4th-5th year. The berry is almost black. Tasters rate the taste at 4.9 points.

Features of the variety include high disease resistance and frost resistance. Fruit buds can withstand slight and short-lived spring temperature drops. Does not require special personal care.

People's Syubarova

A very tall and powerful tree. The size of an adult plant reaches 6 m. The branches help to stand even in strong winds and can easily withstand large amounts of snow on the branches. The fruits are sweet in taste, large, red in color. One berry weighs 6 g. Subject to the requirements of agricultural technology, up to 55 kg of berries are harvested from one tree.

Fruiting occurs in the 4th year after planting the seedling.Cherries are self-pollinating varieties, so they do not need pollinators. It bears fruit every year, there are no breaks.

The tree is winter-hardy and resists coccomycosis. It is not resistant to drought, so it requires regular watering.

And the way

The height of the tree reaches 3.5 m. Fruiting begins when the seedling is 4-5 years old. The shade of the fruit is almost black. With proper care, the weight of 1 berry reaches 9 g. Tasters give the taste a score of 4.5 points. The disadvantage of this variety is that it is difficult to separate the seed from the pulp. The harvest volume of an adult tree is 50 kg.

The tree is resistant to:

• frost;
• drought;
• diseases;
• wind.

Whole cherries, carefully removed from the tree, are easily transported without losing their appearance. To increase yields, planting pollinator varieties in close proximity is required.

Ovstuzhenka

The vitamin composition of fruits satisfies almost half of a person’s daily needs. The tree grows up to 3 m and is partially self-fertile. Therefore, in the absence of pollinators, the crop is still formed.

An early ripening variety that resists the most severe frosts down to -45 ⁰C. The harvest volume of an adult plant is 30 kg per tree. The weight of the dark red fruit reaches 7 g. The stone is easily separated from the pulp.

To extend the shelf life of berries, it is recommended to collect them together with the stalks.

Many summer residents grow the variety for fresh consumption, but the fruits are also suitable for processing.

Breeders guarantee resistance to fungal diseases. But if there are other stone fruit trees in the garden, it is recommended to carry out preventive treatment.

Homestead Yellow

The fruits of this cherry are yellow, as is clear from the name of the variety. The benefit of this berry color is that it is less likely to be pecked by birds.

The taste is excellent, sweet and sour. It is rare that a summer resident uses cherries for processing, as they have a dessert purpose. That is, it is used only fresh.

The first fruits grow in the 6th year after planting the seedling. The yield of an adult plant reaches 25-30 kg per tree.

Both the tree and the fruit buds are frost-resistant. The plant is an early ripening plant, so it is not afraid of pest attacks.

Valery Chkalov

This cherry variety was bred in 1970, but despite this, it is still in demand among summer residents. The tree is not tall, which greatly facilitates the work of harvesting.

1 berry weighs 8 g, the seed is difficult to separate from the pulp. This makes it much more difficult to recycle. The main purpose of the fruit is dessert, but this does not prevent housewives from using it to make preserves, jams, pastries and other culinary delights.

The harvest volume is 20-25 kg of berries per tree. Compliance with all planting standards and care details allows you to increase the number of fruits. The tree is resistant to frost and tolerates Moscow winters well.

Pollinators planted in close proximity will help significantly increase harvest volume. The variety is not resistant to diseases, so timely preventive treatment is required.

Chermashnaya

Yellow-fruited cherries are resistant to cracking of berries during prolonged rains. Trees of this variety are less capricious and easy to care for.

These are not dwarf trees. Black cherry grows up to 5 m. The weight of the fruit reaches 4.5 g. The taste characteristics are excellent. The berry is sweet, practically without sourness. According to tasters, the fruits received 4.4 points.

It begins to bear fruit for the first time in the 5th year after planting in a permanent place. The harvest volume from 1 tree is 12 kg.

Winter hardiness fully meets the requirements of the climatic conditions of the Moscow region. Cherry is resistant to coccomycosis and moniliosis.

Rules for planting and caring for cherries

Each crop has certain growing characteristics, taking into account which the gardener copes with any planting difficulties. The choice of location, the subtleties of planting a seedling, and the correct timing deserve special attention.

Do not forget about feeding the growing tree. Mulching will help retain moisture in the soil longer. And loosening after each watering will provide oxygen access to the roots.

Planting seedlings

The best time to plant cherries in the Moscow region is spring. Over the course of the season, the plant will get stronger and overwinter well. A place for planting is selected, preferably a well-lit area, protected from wind and drafts. In the spring, before the buds appear, the plant is planted in the ground. In the summer they take care of it and prepare it for winter.

The tree planting scheme depends on the variety; tall species are planted at a distance of 3-3.5 m from each other; dwarf, columnar and low-growing cherries are planted at a distance of 2-2.5 m.

Cherry is a very delicate plant; it requires special care and all necessary care techniques.

Holes for planting are prepared in advance, preferably in the fall. The soil for backfilling is mixed with humus and complex mineral fertilizers.

Fertilizer and watering

Water the plant regularly, probably 2 times a month. If the weather is hot, then the number of waterings is increased, irrigating the tree trunk every 9-10 days.

Fertilizers for cherries are necessary in the spring for the growth and formation of fruits; nitrogen fertilizers and urea are used. In the fall, humus is added to the plants before wintering to improve winter hardiness and nutrition.

Trimming and shaping

Crown formation is a mandatory process for all fruit trees; it helps increase productivity and resistance to diseases and pests.

Cherries are formed every spring and autumn, and the cut parts of the plant are used for grafting. But only if the characteristics of the plant satisfy the gardener, and he wants to propagate the variety on the site. Then the branches are attached to the rootstock and a new full-fledged tree is grown, producing a harvest.

Pruning can also be sanitary; it is carried out at any time; deformed, dried and diseased parts of plants are removed.

Treatment

Treatment of plants against pests and diseases will help preserve and increase the yield. Even if the variety is immune to diseases, preventive measures will not hurt. If cherries are treated correctly and in a timely manner with chemicals, they will fight pathogens.

In autumn, trees are treated to improve winter hardiness. Feeding with complex mineral fertilizers will help replenish the supply of nutrients and withstand the harsh winters of the Moscow region. Gardeners recommend treating cherries with Bordeaux mixture.

Growing cherries in the climatic conditions of the Moscow region is quite possible. A novice summer resident, as well as an experienced gardener, can do this without any effort. It is important to choose a variety and provide proper care.