Planting and caring for jasmine, propagation of shrubs, pruning and replanting

Modern gardeners grow jasmine not only on the windowsill, but also in the open ground. An ornamental shrub, planting and care, whose propagation is in many ways similar to mock orange, serves as an excellent decoration for the garden and fills it with a fabulous aroma during the flowering period. The plant has some features of agricultural technology and care, which you need to familiarize yourself with before planting it on your site.

Features and uniqueness of garden jasmine

Jasmine is native to the Mediterranean, where it is used as a medicinal plant. In our country, shrubs are most often grown to decorate a certain area. A beautiful and lush crown, decorated with large white inflorescences, instantly attracts the eye. And the alluring sweet aroma does not leave even the most demanding gardener indifferent. Jasmine quickly adapts to weather conditions, which is another advantage.

The uniqueness of the plant is that the flowers, when they bloom, contain a huge amount of essential oils, which have a beneficial effect on the human body. The buds of the bush are used both for medicinal purposes and as an additive to black and green tea to improve immunity and cleanse toxins. Thanks to the healing properties of jasmine It is not only an excellent decoration for the site, but also helps improve health.

What varieties are recommended to be planted in the garden?

Three main varieties of jasmine are grown in the country, which have become the basis for the development of many varieties:

• small-leaved;
• common coronary;
• fluffy.

It is best to use it to decorate your own area. jasmine varieties:

• Moonlight;
• Dwarf;
• Charm;
• White bouquet;
• Ermine robe;
• Arctic;
• Pompon;
• Firework;
• Obelisk;
• Charm;
• Kazbek.

Separately, it is worth highlighting the Ermine Mantle, in which the flowering period lasts up to 2 months, and the inflorescences are located along the entire length of the branches, which gives the jasmine a special decorative effect.

What to consider when growing

Jasmine is not a capricious shrub, but it has certain growing characteristics that must be taken into account when planting the plant.

Required soil composition

Almost any soil that has a sufficient supply of nutrients is suitable for planting jasmine. The root system of the shrub does not tolerate waterlogging, so the groundwater level should not come too close to the surface. If there is not enough nutrition in the soil, this will affect the beauty of flowering.

The optimal composition of nutrient soil for ornamental shrubs is considered to be a mixture of humus and river sand (1 part each), as well as turf soil (2 parts).

Requirements for illumination of the place

If you have to choose where to plant jasmine on your site, then preference should be given to a well-lit place. The shrub also feels good in partial shade, but in such conditions it is impossible to achieve lush flowering.

Suitable and unsuitable neighbors

It is better to plant jasmine next to flowers of dark blue or purple color. Good neighbors for shrubs will be:

• delphinium;
• lavender;
• hydrangea;
• spirea.

Jasmine should not be planted near apple and pear trees, as these fruit trees suffer greatly from such proximity.

Planting technology

The health and further development of the shrub depends on the correctness of planting work.Jasmine will delight you with lush flowering only if agricultural technology and all the rules for planting on the site have been followed.

Selection and preparation of seedlings

Shrub planting material should only be purchased in the spring from reputable retail outlets or taken from friends whom you can trust and not doubt the quality and varietal of the seedling. For planting, it is preferable to take jasmine with open roots and unopened buds. If leaves have already begun to appear on it, then the chances of taking root are reduced to almost zero.

For planting, it is better to give preference to shrubs that are 1-2 years old. In this case, its root system is already quite developed, but has less chance of being damaged when digging up.

Jasmine should not show signs of disease, pest damage or mechanical damage. At the point of sale, the root system of plants must be buried or covered with soil to prevent it from drying out.

Timing and technology of planting work

It is recommended to plant jasmine exclusively in spring. The planting hole is dug to a depth of 0.5 m. Its width is approximately the same, but the exact size depends on the dimensions of the root system of the shrub. A distance of about 10 cm is left from the edges of the hole to the root, and the root collar is not buried more than 3 cm.

A drainage layer of sand, expanded clay and small stones is poured into the bottom of the prepared hole for planting jasmine to prevent water stagnation. It is advisable to add a small amount of nitrophosphate to the soil mixture so that the seedling gains strength faster. Part of this mixture is poured into a mound over the drainage, then the jasmine is installed and the roots are carefully straightened. Fill the hole with the remaining nutrient soil, tamp it down and water it abundantly.After this, the circle around the trunk is mulched.

If several jasmine bushes are planted in open ground, then leave a distance of at least 1 meter between them. The exception is dwarf varieties, which can be planted at a distance of 0.6-0.8 m from each other.

How to care for culture

It is important not only to plant jasmine on the site, but also to provide it with proper care so that the shrub pleases with abundant flowering.

Watering frequency

Jasmine does not require frequent watering if grown in the middle zone. The bush is irrigated only in case of prolonged drought and hot weather. The need for moisture is determined by the condition of the top layer of soil and the jasmine itself, the leaves of which lose their elasticity. Up to 30 liters of warm water is added to each plant. In the autumn, before the onset of cold weather, moisture-recharging watering is done so that the shrub can more easily endure the winter and not freeze.

Fertilizing

Jasmine requires feeding starting from the second year of life. Fertilizers are applied throughout the growing season, using both organic matter and mineral mixtures. In summer, the bush needs more nitrogen, so it is recommended to add urea, superphosphate, and potassium sulfide. From organic matter, manure and humus are used. The recommended dosages should be strictly followed. Otherwise, the shrub will suffer from excess nutrition, will begin to increase green mass and will not demonstrate vigorous flowering.

Loosening and care of the tree trunk circle

Loosening of the soil in the tree trunk circle of the bush is carried out after each heavy rainfall or watering. This is done carefully and not too deep, so as not to damage the jasmine root system. All weeds are removed at the same time.

Trimming

An important part of caring for a jasmine bush is pruning.If done correctly, the plant will look aesthetically pleasing, develop correctly and bloom profusely.

Formative

Shaping pruning of jasmine is most often done in early spring. In the fall, it does not make much sense, since during the winter some of the shoots may break, freeze, or simply die. To form a beautiful bush, you need to cut off branches that are too long, and remove any diseased or dried ones altogether. Poorly developed shoots are shortened by half to provoke the growth of young branches. This scheme allows you to make the jasmine bush lush, thick and beautiful.

Sanitary

As a rule, sanitary pruning is done in the spring. Before buds begin to bloom, remove all broken or frozen branches. Shoots showing signs of disease must be removed immediately. If autumn sanitary pruning of jasmine is carried out, the plant is carefully inspected for mechanical damage, the presence of dry shoots or too old shoots, which are best removed immediately.

Pruning jasmine after flowering

Immediately after the jasmine bush has finished flowering, it is inspected and, if necessary, pruned. Remove dead inflorescences, weak and diseased branches.

Rejuvenating

Over time, the jasmine bush ages and loses its attractiveness. Bare shoots not only spoil the appearance, but also impede the growth of young branches. As a result, flowering is not so violent. In this regard, the plant requires rejuvenating pruning once every few years. The work is carried out in the spring, before the buds begin to bloom. Select 4 or 5 attractive stems and shorten them by 50% of the length, the rest are simply cut off at the root.

The cut areas are treated with garden varnish.With the start of sap flow, the buds on the stumps will wake up and produce new shoots, from which a few of the strongest ones are selected. They will form the crown of the renewed jasmine.

When to transplant to a new place

Replanting a jasmine bush to another place is rarely done, unless absolutely necessary. The reasons for this may be various, for example, trees growing nearby began to block the access of light to the bush. There is a debate among gardeners about when to replant a plant so that the stress on it is not too strong. Most agree that the work should be planned for the spring. The procedure itself is not much different from the usual planting of jasmine on the site.

To transplant it to a new location, you need to dig a planting hole that will correspond in volume to the root system.

It is preferable to dig up the shrub along with a lump of earth and not shake it off when replanting.

Treatment and treatment of diseases and pests

The jasmine bush is most often affected by pests such as:

• weevil;
• spider mite;
• aphid.

As a result of their influence, the shrub loses its decorative properties, ceases to develop normally, and its foliage curls up into a tube. At the initial stage of damage, the leaves of the plant are removed along with the pests and burned, and the jasmine is treated with a solution of laundry soap. In case of severe damage, insecticides are used.

Jasmine has a high resistance to diseases, which most often occur due to lack of nutrients. For prevention purposes, it is recommended to apply complex mineral fertilizers.

Preparing the bush for winter

In order for garden jasmine to easily survive the winter in open ground, it will need proper and good preparation. An adult shrub tolerates the cold season better than a young one, therefore it does not require special preparation or insulation. Immediately after the end of the flowering period, young specimens are covered with material specially designed for this purpose or ordinary straw is used. The soil in the tree trunk circle of the bush is dug up and compost is added to it.

Reproduction methods

If desired, garden jasmine can be easily propagated independently. There are several proven methods that give good results.

Dividing the root system

To quickly get a flowering jasmine bush, you can propagate it by dividing the root. However, this technique is only suitable for low-growing varieties, but it is problematic to propagate plants up to 4 meters high in this way. Jasmine is dug out of the ground and divided into several parts so that young shoots remain on each of them. The work is carried out using garden pruners. The resulting shrub sections are planted in prepared holes.

Propagate by layering

This technique allows you to propagate any variety of jasmine and at the same time guarantees excellent results. Work is carried out in the summer. Young shoots growing around an adult mother bush are selected and pulled with wire below their own lower bud. This will stimulate root formation.

A branch of a bush is bent to the ground and placed in a prepared shallow groove, secured with wire and sprinkled with earth.

At the point of contact with the ground, roots form within a month. After some time, young shoots form from the rooted jasmine cuttings. Next spring, the strengthened bush is cut off from the mother plant and transplanted to a permanent place of growth.

Using cuttings

Propagating jasmine by cuttings is the simplest, most reliable and common way. It is preferable to harvest young shoots in the summer, but you can cut them in the fall. They must be flexible and not break. Cutting is done in the morning so that the shoots have enough moisture. The lower leaves are immediately removed, and the upper ones are shortened by 2 times.

For a day, the petioles are left in a solution of a root formation stimulator, after which they are planted in a greenhouse or a small greenhouse, buried a few centimeters deep. In extreme cases, shrub plantings are covered with scraps of plastic bottles. At first the shelter cannot be raised, but after three days it will be necessary to ventilate it daily.

Jasmine needs to maintain constant moisture, but not allow the soil to turn into a swamp. The petioles should receive enough light, but direct sunlight should not be allowed. After 2 weeks, the jasmine will form a root system and begin to develop.