Jasmine is a beautiful ornamental plant. However, not every gardener can successfully grow it, since it is capricious in its care and will delight you with good flowering only when a lot of effort is put in. This word is often used to describe a mock orange bush from the hydrangea family, but true jasmine is an evergreen shrub. It has a straight or curly stem, ranging from 1.5 to 10 meters in length. In total, almost 200 species are known, 90 of them are indoor ones. One of the most common is multifloral jasmine. Some varieties of jasmine have not only decorative, but also economic importance.
Varieties, varieties and characteristics of plants
Jasmine grows not only in natural conditions, but also at home. Under natural conditions, some types of jasmine grow up to 10 m in length. Climbing vines that are grown at home range in length from 0.5 to 2 m.
The leaves of most bushes are 6-7 cm long, have a complex shape, and are attached to the stem using a short stalk. Different species bloom in different ways, it depends on the species and conditions of detention. It will delight the owner with beautiful flowers in delicate shades - from white to pink. The diameter of each is 2-2.5 cm. They have a pleasant strong smell, unlike the smell of the usual mock orange.
Jasmine takes root well in open ground in areas with warm climates. In the first and second years, jasmine needs to be replanted in specially prepared soil. Then the transplant will need to be carried out no more than once every three years. It is preferable to keep all types of jasmine on the east or west side. There should be enough light, but do not place the pot in direct sunlight.
The plant does not tolerate either too open or dark areas equally well.
During the growing season, the plant will need + 25 degrees; during the dormant period, the temperature may be slightly lower. Jasmine is extremely demanding on humidity conditions, because it is originally a tropical plant.
The gardener can spray additional moisture directly onto the plant itself. To do this, use a fine spray using a spray bottle. The water should be soft. Drops should not fall on the buds.
In winter, when jasmine is in a dormant period, spraying is not necessary. You can also purchase a ready-made humidifier or make one yourself. For all species, timely and abundant watering is important. Climbing species need to be tied up as young shoots grow.
Large-flowered
This variety is not as large as others. Its height is only 15-20 cm. The stem is bare, the leaves are smaller - 2-3 cm long. Large white flowers are collected in inflorescences of 6-8 pieces. This species is popular due to its long flowering period: from July to October. Flowers are widely used in floristry when making bouquets and compositions.
Multifloral
This shrub in a flowerbed or garden plot can grow up to 2 m in length. It branches weakly, but due to the fact that the branches curl, the bush seems very lush. During the flowering period, an abundance of flowers appears on the bush. The pink buds turn white when blooming and have a strong aroma.
Holofloral
This species has a small number of leaves. In winter, jasmine loses most of them, but in spring they appear again. Blooms with large single flowers.
Drug
This variety is used not only for decorative purposes, but also for economic purposes. Jasmine extract has long been used in cosmetology because it has a good anti-aging effect. Jasmine root helps with insomnia. It is also taken in its pure form for headaches. Jasmine oil is used for massage.
The greatest amount of useful substances is contained in all parts of the plant during the growing season.
However, there are a number of conditions in which the use of such a remedy is prohibited. This:
- Pregnancy and lactation period.
- Stomach ulcer.
- Tendency to allergic reactions.
- Hypertension.
The thinnest
This species is distinguished by the fact that the bush has downward shoots. The plant is light green in color, slightly pubescent at the bottom. The flowers are large, each flower up to 2.5 cm in diameter. The bush blooms from January to March.
Sambac
A very large vine - it can reach 5-6 m in length. The flowers are white, large in size, double. It blooms very profusely from March to the end of October.
Flattened
A medium-sized shrub with dark green leaves and pale purple flowers. The vine's young shoots need to be constantly shortened. This will stimulate good flowering. With proper care, this variety will bloom all summer.
Turned away
This jasmine has bright yellow flowers with turned-up petals, which is how the species got its name. The flowers are small, with a pleasant aroma. Blooms throughout the summer.
Pink Jasmine Bisa
This jasmine is often used for decorative purposes, using it to decorate a summer cottage. Bright pink flowers appear everywhere on the shoots of the vine, collected in inflorescences of 2-3 pieces. The liana begins to bloom in early May and ends only after 2-2.5 months.
yellow bush
This plant has straight stems and is only 1.5 meters in height. The bush has smooth and flexible stems, semi-umbrella flowers of an intense yellow hue.
White Indian
The closest relative of the Sambac variety. The liana is up to 6 m long. This variety can very often be found in dachas as a decorative decoration. Tubular semi-double flowers up to 2 cm in diameter.Flowers live for only 1 day, but bloom alternately, due to which flowering continues for a long time - from the beginning of spring to the end of November. Withering, the flower turns pink and then burgundy.
Golden Coastal
A distinctive feature of the species is that golden coastal jasmine can bloom all year round. This is a rather rare variety. First, a deep pink bud appears, and then snow-white flowers. Glossy dark green leaves further decorate the vine.
Multiflora superfine
A very graceful shrub with thin shoots and neat leaves. This variety has weak branching. The flowers are white, narrow and tubular, emerging from pink buds. Flowering - from early January to March.
Ordinary
Common jasmine or mock orange. It is mistakenly attributed to this family due to the similarity of colors and strong smell, although in fact mock orange cannot be considered a real jasmine. Very often it can be seen in garden plots, but sometimes it is also grown in greenhouses or at home.
The bush blooms with white fragrant flowers in May for 2-3 weeks. It is ubiquitous and requires less care than other species.
Curly
The variety also belongs to the jasmine group. This is an evergreen small vine suitable for growing indoors. The climbing branches themselves look very beautiful. An additional decoration will be flowers that will delight the owner from May to November.
Chinese
This variety received its name due to the place where it grew. Its homeland is tropical Asian forests. Under appropriate conditions, the vine grows up to 10 meters. The flowers of the plant are used as an aromatic additive in tea.
Polyanthus
This indoor type of jasmine. Translated, the name means “many-flowered.” Characterized by a large number of flowers during the growing season.
In order for the plant to bloom, it is necessary to prune the shoots in a timely manner.
Red varieties
These plant varieties are less common. They differ from the others in the shade of the flowers. They are always brightly colored and can be dark pink or red.
Any varieties of jasmine need to be regularly trimmed and tied up so that they truly decorate the garden plot. Otherwise, the vine may grow excessively and lose its attractive appearance.
