Description and characteristics of the Aport apple tree, features of planting and care

Aport is an ancient variety of apple tree. The mention dates back to the twelfth century. The variety is famous for its large carmine-colored fruits with an amazing smell and taste. Nowadays, its varieties, differing in other characteristics, are more common all over the world. In Soviet times, wonderful aromatic apples were delivered to the Kremlin from Almaty, Kazakhstan.

History of the development of the Aport variety

The place and time of Aport’s appearance is not known for certain. The variety came to the central part of Russia in the fifteenth century, receiving the name Aport Alexander. It grows more often in the southern regions of the Middle Zone. It is believed that these days the purity of the variety has been lost. Now it is a variety of several varieties of apple trees.

Characteristic

Aport is known all over the world. About forty varieties have been produced from it and clones. It is considered the symbol of the city of Almaty, the former capital of Kazakhstan.

External description of the tree and crown

The tree grows above average height, with a strong crown, with a large number of branches, the crown reaches ten meters in diameter. Young shoots are pencil-thick and slightly brown in color.

In what areas does it grow?

One of the leading varieties in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. Grows in many countries of the world. It was first brought to Poland. Then - to France, Canada, England. After the conquest of Europe, apple trees appeared in the United States.

Lifespan of a tree

With proper care and agricultural technology, the apple tree bears fruit for up to forty years. Fruiting can be extended with anti-aging pruning.

Frost resistance

The variety does not tolerate low temperatures. Therefore, it is grown in the southern regions. There the winter is short, with average temperatures, and the summer is hot and long. Growing in the northern regions is possible on rootstocks of winter-hardy varieties.

Immunity

The Aport apple tree has very weak immunity to various types of diseases.The tree must be constantly sprayed for preventive purposes.

Ripening time and yield

Apple tree in late autumn ripening. The harvest is harvested in mid-autumn, every other year. One hundred and fifty kilograms of apples are harvested from a mature tree.

Taste and nutritional qualities of the fruit

The apples are quite sweet, with a slight sourness. The pulp is very juicy, with a pleasant smell. The fruit contains many useful components and trace elements.

Pollinator varieties

In order for the harvest to be abundant every year, one of the varieties of pollinators must be planted next to the Aport variety:

• Shield;
• Memory;
• Esaul;
• Prikubanskoe.

Pros and cons of the type

The main advantage of this variety is its fruits. Ripe apples are very large, fragrant, with a delicious taste. They can be stored for several months. The disadvantage is weak immunity to rot and scab. Also considered a minus is average resistance to frost.

How to plant an apple tree

First of all, choose a suitable place for the seedling. The apple tree needs a lot of light and protection from drafts.

Landing dates

The apple tree is planted in mid-spring. Before the cold weather sets in, it will take root and gain strength.

Preparing young seedlings

If the seedling has dried out a little, its roots must be immersed in water for a day. Before planting, you need to carefully examine the root system. Damaged, frozen, rotten roots must be cut off and the cut area treated with clay slurry.

Soil composition and planting scheme

It is necessary to dig a hole 70 centimeters deep. Mix the resulting soil with organic fertilizer. Place a small layer of medium stone and drainage at the bottom of the hole. Place a seedling in the middle of the hole and cover it with prepared soil. The root collar should remain three centimeters on the surface.

Caring for a young tree

The main condition for caring for a young tree is timely watering. The soil around the trunk should be moist. The first waterings are carried out with water at room temperature. Fertilizers should be applied two years after planting the seedling. In the fall, it is better to add organic fertilizer to the apple tree; in the spring, give preference to mineral fertilizers.

Rules of agricultural technology for an adult apple tree

By following simple rules, you can achieve high yields of quality fruits.

Regularity of irrigation

In dry summers, the apple tree is watered generously twice a week.

Fertilizer

It is necessary to fertilize twice a year - in spring and autumn. In the spring, during the rainy season, when air humidity rises, 600 grams of urea are distributed under the tree. Ammonium nitrate is also a useful fertilizer. Dissolve forty grams of saltpeter in ten liters of water.

In autumn, dissolve 30 grams of potassium, 60 grams of double superphosphate, 30 grams of calcium in a bucket of water. The solution is used to feed one tree.

Preventive spraying

To protect fruits from infection with rot, preventive spraying with colloidal sulfur is carried out. Another remedy that will help prevent the appearance of rot fungus is a suspension of karbofos. It is enough to dilute one hundred grams of any preparation in a bucket of water and spray the tree.

Green aphids may also appear on the apple tree. A 0.3% solution of Entobacterin will help in the fight against this pest - dilute thirty grams in ten liters of water.

Molding

An adult tree needs annual pruning. Forming should be done in early spring or late autumn, after harvesting. The tree is freed from dry, damaged, non-fruiting branches.

Preparing for winter

In order for a tree to be prepared for winter, it must:

1. It is good to water throughout the growing season.
2. After harvesting, feed with mineral fertilizers.
3. Dig up the soil around the apple tree, after removing the grass.
4. Treat the trunk with a solution based on copper sulfate.
5. Cover the trunk circle with a ten-centimeter layer of gravel or spruce branches.
6. Insulate the trunk with burlap.

Subspecies and characteristics of apple trees

Subspecies of the Aport variety were bred using a rootstock. New varieties have been created to grow better in other regions.

Dubrovsky

The 2.5 meter tall apple tree tolerates low temperatures well. Adapts well to difficult climates. It begins to bear fruit quickly after planting. Due to the large fruits and abundant fruiting, the branches of the tree break. To avoid this, supports are installed in advance.

Alexandrovsky

Aleksandrovsky Aport is famous for its harvest. The apples are very large, one fruit reaches three hundred grams. This variety is difficult to find because it is almost lost, but great efforts are being made to revive it.

Almaty

This subspecies of Aporta grows in Kazakhstan. This variety of apple tree is grown in the mountains. The fruits retain their unique taste almost until May.

Pushkinsky

The variety was bred for growing fruits in the Moscow region and tolerates low temperatures well. After planting in the ground, the tree bears its first harvest in the sixth year. The apples are very fragrant, large, and pleasant to the taste.

White

The apple tree is distinguished by the light color of apples with a reddish tint. In cross section the fruit is pinkish in color. Well kept.

Kubansky

Apples ripen in September and are stored for two months. The variety is disease resistant and tolerates frost well.

Blood red

The tree reaches six meters in height and has average frost resistance. The harvest is harvested in mid-autumn.Apples are very aromatic, juicy and sweet.