Description of the Kutuzovets apple tree variety and breeding history, regions for cultivation

At present, more than 7,500 varieties of apple trees are known. Each gardener chooses for himself only those varieties that are suitable for achieving his goals. The choice of trees is determined by climatic features, taste characteristics and industrial interest. Kutuzovets is rightfully considered the best variety when using apple trees for production purposes: for preparing juices, compotes or nectars and subsequent sale.

Description and varietal characteristics

According to the detailed description, the Kutuzovets variety is classified as an autumn fruit tree, since the harvest falls in September-October.

The distinctive features are:

1. The trees are medium-sized with a lush, rounded crown.
2. “Mature” shoots become less heavy and spreading, so that care and pruning of branches do not require much effort.
3. The main branches extend from the trunk at a significant angle of inclination.
4. The trunk and perennial shoots are colored green with a dark tint, and the young shoots are gray-brown.
5. The green, glossy leaves of the plant are oval-shaped with a curled tip. In this case, the leaf plate is flat and lowered down. Because of this, it seems that the sheet is bordered along the contour.
6. On mature plants, fruits ripen on ringlets, twigs and spears. Young trees are covered with apples on the last two branches.

Apple trees of the Kutuzovets variety grow well near apple plantings.

7. The tree blooms with small white and pink flowers. Flowering period: May 10-30.
8. The fruits of this apple variety are large and reach 130 grams. The apples are distinguished by their round shape with slightly noticeable ribbing and a pale blush. The color of the fruit is green, but by the time it ripens it becomes yellow with barely noticeable white or gray dots. The pulp has a dense structure, white color and very juicy. The taste of the apple is sweet and sour, with a spicy note. Ripe apples do not fall on their own.
9. Apples are stored for a long time in a dark, cool place, delighting with taste until April.

Kutuzovets has gained wide popularity in Europe for its ability to preserve harvested fruit for an extended period.

Breeding history

The apple variety was developed in the first half of the 20th century. Research Institute of Horticulture and Medicinal Plants in Samara under the leadership of S.P.Kedrina was the first to carry out apple selection.

For breeding, the fruits of Renet Simirenko and Common Skrypyzhapel were used. The resulting crop was planted and bore fruit back in 1947. After a full 32 years, the plant was included in the State Special. registry. Cultivation of the variety was allowed in the Middle Volga region.

The varieties were crossed in two stages. At first, the maternal species of Simirenko acted as the pollinator. Afterwards we used the father’s variety Skrypyzhapel. Next, the seeds were subjected to four-month stratification, and the plant was hardened.

What are the varieties?

There are no varieties of the Kutuzovets apple tree.

What are the advantages and disadvantages?

Currently, the popularity of the Kutuzovets apple crop is declining. The process is due to the fact that in order to obtain a significant harvest, several factors must be observed. These include: timely pruning of trees, favorable conditions for crop growth, moderate watering. In addition, the disadvantages include periodic fruiting and low winter hardiness of the tree.

But, despite these disadvantages, the apple tree has a number of advantages compared to other varieties:

1. High yield and, as a result, the title of one of the best varieties for industrial horticulture and sale.
2. The fruits are suitable for various preparations: puree, jam, marmalade or juice.
3. Long-term storage of apples subject to all conditions.

Characteristics of the Kutuzovets apple tree

The Kutuzovets apple tree is difficult to confuse with any other varieties. This is due both to the size of the trees and fruits, and to the yield of the plant.

Apple trees are planted from late March to mid-April at a distance of 4-5 meters from each other. Having chosen a lighted place, you need to prepare fertilized holes up to 1 meter deep into which to root the seedlings.

Tree dimensions

Since the apple tree is a medium-sized crop, its height reaches a maximum of 4 meters. Most gardeners achieve a seedling height of no more than 2.5 meters, starting from the second year after planting.

Trees older than 7 years old have their tops cut off. Young seedlings do not need pruning.

Productivity and fruit evaluation

Young seedlings are not fast-bearing. Therefore, the first harvests of apples can be obtained 5-7 years from the moment the tree is planted in the soil. The fruits do not appear regularly, there is a certain periodicity. But proper care and timely pruning lead to annual fruiting of the crop.

The number of fruits produced in 12 months from one apple tree in dachas or gardens reaches 60 kilograms. For industrial purposes, up to 150 centners of apples are harvested from one hectare of plants.

With high-quality, constant watering, the harvest will not take long to arrive. In arid regions, the plant needs sufficient watering, at least 2 times a week. Overdried soil is not rich in nutrients and will not provide the required minimum macronutrients for the plant.

The fruits are harvested in September, when the apples have gained maximum weight and are rich in nutrients.

Winter hardiness

If the climate in the region where the plant is grown is moderate, then the tree’s winter hardiness characteristics are good. Harsh regional climatic conditions significantly reduce the rate. However, the apple tree has a distinctive feature - the hybrid has a high ability to recover with proper care.

The apple tree variety is frost-resistant, but a radical change in weather is stressful for the crop. Therefore, after winter, plants are fertilized to saturate the soil and combat stress conditions.

Diseases and known pests

The apple tree is characterized by high or medium resistance to known pests and garden diseases. Diseases often occur due to human fault, and proper, regular care allows trees to be preserved.

You can eliminate diseases in the following way:

1. Powdery mildew - spray with a solution of colloidal sulfur.
2. Fruit rot - remove the damage, treat the tree with Bordeaux mixture.
3. Scab – treatment with urea.
4. Black crayfish - use nitrogen fertilizers.
5. Milky sheen of bark - cut off damaged areas, lubricate the tree with a disinfectant.
6. Bacterial burn - trim damaged branches, treat wounds.

Among the main pests are:

1. Green aphids. Dandelion infusion and potassium fertilizers will destroy the insect.
2. Apple flower beetle. You can overcome the pest only by starting to fight it even before the buds break.
3. Apple moth. A chlorforce solution will help get rid of moths.
4. Leaf roller - a weak solution of nitrophen will get rid of the insect.

The apple tree has the ability to self-heal after various diseases and lesions.

Growing regions

The variety is widespread in its historical homeland - in the Middle Volga region. For growing crops, the main condition is a temperate climate. Therefore, the apple tree grows in Belarus, Ukraine, Bashkiria, Lipetsk, and Orenburg regions of Russia.