Description and characteristics of the summer apple tree variety Orlovsky Pioneer

The Orlovsky Pioneer apple tree variety is distinguished by its beauty and amazing taste. The variety is popular throughout Europe. It is used for breeding on a large scale and in homesteads. Let us consider in more detail the description of the variety, the history of its appearance, the advantages and disadvantages of the fruit tree.

Description of the variety, history of creation

The Oryol Pioneer apple tree variety was bred at the Scientific Research Institute for the Breeding of Fruit Crops in 1976. To obtain it, the hybridization method was used, which was developed by I.V. Michurin. The parents were presented with Antonovka Krasnobochka and the hybrid plant SR 0523. For the purity of the experiment, 20 Antonovka mother trees were selected.For the first time, the mother tree acted as a pollinator, and then the paternal species was used in its role.

The first stage of the experiment was successful. As a result, seeds were selected for further planting. Before they were planted in the ground, they were subjected to stratification for rapid germination.

After planting in the ground, the new variety was cared for according to the mentor principle. To increase immunity, the Vm gene was added to apple trees, which prevents the development of scab.

In a detailed description, you can visually understand what the tree looks like and how it bears fruit:

1. High-yielding variety. In appearance, the fruits are beautiful and appetizing. They ripen every year, quickly and early. The shape is round, weight varies up to 200 grams. The peel is green in color, and during long-term storage it becomes yellow-green in color.
2. It has increased immunity to 4 types of scab, which allows you not to treat the fruit-bearing tree. Thanks to this you can save time and money.
3. The height of the fruit crop is medium in size, reaching 3.5 meters. In 12 months it grows by 600 cm.
4. The crown is medium dense, round in shape.
5. The branches are parallel to the ground, and bend closer to the crown.
6. The bark color is gray. Its surface is smooth and flexible.
7. The buds are small in size, tightly adjacent to the branches. Cone-shaped, with a small edge.
8. The leaves are green and resemble glossy paper in appearance. They are oblong in shape and medium in size. The edges are slightly wavy.
9. The flowers of the fruit tree are light pink. The buds have a concentrated pink color.

Advantages and disadvantages

The Oryol Pioneer apple tree variety has positive and negative qualities.

Let's start with the first ones:

1. Resistance to scab to 4 types out of 5 available.
2. It bears fruit every year.
3. The quality of the apples is excellent.
4. No need to treat with chemicals, which reduces costs.

Speaking of disadvantages, this type of apple tree has only one. If pruning is incorrect or fruits are not removed in a timely manner, the apples may be crushed.

Despite the fact that the fruit tree is immune to diseases, the following diseases can develop due to human negligence:

• black cancer;
• bacterial burn.

Diseases occur due to improper tree care. To prevent bacterial burn, it is recommended to treat the soil with copper sulfate. Black cancer appears due to rare temperature changes and improper care. The tree needs to remove all affected leaves, disinfect and treat wounds. Getting rid of harmful insects on a fruit tree is quite difficult.

Based on the type of parasite, it is necessary to use the following drugs:

1. A solution of laundry soap eliminates green aphids.
2. Nitrophen – removes leaf roller.
3. To remove apple moth, the apple tree is sprayed with Karbofos.

Prevention helps reduce the risk of pathogens and pests. Constant external inspection of the trunk and crown allows you to avoid the development of serious diseases. That is why it is important to regularly carry out external inspections near adjacent trees and shrubs.

Winter hardiness

This apple variety is immune to cold weather. Experts classify it as frost-resistant.

Productivity

Apples ripen in the second half of August. They hold well on the branches, so harvesting occurs before the first frost. You can get up to 75 kg of apples per year from one fruit tree. The harvest from the apple tree is stored in a cool place until about the first month of winter.

Orel Pioneer apples are popular in central Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus, as the adaptation period passes quickly. The tree continues to grow and develop.

In order to speed up the adaptation process in the cold, the fruit crop must be fed with organic fertilizers.

If the soil freezes very much, then there is a lack of nutrients and vitamins in it. To prevent soil starvation, it is necessary to fertilize the young seedling twice a year. For successful wintering, the trunk of a fruit tree must be wrapped, and the ground around it must be insulated with autumn foliage.

In dry areas, it is necessary to water the apple tree regularly and abundantly. The tree absorbs nutrients through the root system. Therefore, it is necessary to constantly loosen the soil and water it. Young seedlings are watered twice a week, and during dry periods as they dry out.

An apple tree of the Oryol Pioneer variety will look great in a garden plot or for industrial cultivation. The taste, aroma and appearance of apples will not leave adults and children indifferent.