Description of the best varieties and types of green beans with names

Beans are a popular vegetable crop, valued all over the world as a source of vegetable protein. Cultivated types of beans differ in the shape and size of the bushes, the color of the beans, and the length and color of the blades. The names and brief descriptions of the varieties will help you make your choice.

Description of beans

Beans can be considered a plant-based analogue of meat.It contains such a volume of protein that it can replace chicken meat. Beans and pods are unique in composition and contain the entire range of beneficial substances needed by our body. Fruits and bean pods - a source of vitamins and microelements.

Beans belong to the category of dietary products, despite their high calorie content - 100 g contains 330 kcal. Beans are included in fasting diets. Useful properties of pods and beans:

• lower sugar levels in diabetics, this is facilitated by arginine contained in beans, which is involved in metabolic processes;
• have a positive effect on the immune system due to the content of vitamins - natural antioxidants;
• improve intestinal function thanks to methionine, tyrosine and lysine, which affect the rate of protein absorption;
• there is a slight diuretic effect and a positive effect on the entire human genitourinary system.

Protein-containing legume grains are popular among vegetarians and are included in various dishes. Grains should not be eaten raw; they contain toxins that can harm the body. During heat treatment they are destroyed and do not cause poisoning.

Legumes are cultivated in many countries; they have many varieties that differ in characteristics:

• shape of bean pods;
• color of blades and grains;
• type of bush;
• taste;
• method of cultivation;
• method of consumption (grains or pods).

Types of beans

Before purchasing seeds for planting, you need to understand what types of beans there are and what their differences are. All varieties are divided into 3 groups according to the method of consumption:

• shelling - beans are eaten;
• asparagus (sugar) - the blades are consumed together with grains, the flaps of the blades do not contain hard fibers, the seeds are not large;
• universal (semi-sugar) - unripe pods are eaten, and after ripening - grains.

There are varieties of beans based on the shape of the bush: semi-climbing, climbing, bush. Bush beans are used for growing on an industrial scale and in household plots. At agricultural enterprises, crops are harvested manually or mechanized. The height of the bushes does not exceed 60 cm. Varieties of this species are unpretentious, productive, and cold-resistant.

Climbing varieties form long vines up to 5 m and require support. Caring for these varieties is more difficult; they ripen later. Climbing beans are very decorative; they are used in landscape design to decorate the background, fences, walls of houses and sheds. The semi-climbing species includes those varieties in which the length of the lashes does not exceed 2 meters.

Green beans: varieties

Green beans are tender, juicy pods without a parchment layer and medium-sized grains. Selection work on this crop is carried out in many countries of the world (USA, France, Holland, Russia, Italy).

The most popular among domestic vegetable growers is Vigna, a long-podded species common in India and Asia. Varieties of this variety are mid-season, requiring 80 days for the pods to ripen. In temperate climates it is grown as a greenhouse crop.

Climbing beans: varieties

There are good varieties of domestic beans that are not inferior in characteristics to imported ones, so it is difficult to decide which ones are best to buy. The Red Riding Hood variety deserves the attention of summer residents. They love it for its beautiful, strong, well-climbing shoots, which reach 3-3.5 m in length.

Decorative properties are clearly manifested during flowering, which lasts from June to September. The bush throws out long peduncles topped with beautiful flower clusters. Red cap is used to decorate garden structures; the fruits are collected and used to prepare vegetable side dishes, salads, and stews.

In Russian regions, climbing sugar varieties produce stable yields:

• Winner;
• Golden Nectar;
• Melody.

Melody is the fastest ripening, the pods begin to be consumed after 1.5 -2 months, next in terms of early ripening is Golden Nectar, it ripens on the 70th day. The winner is the latest to ripen; it takes at least 3 months to form his shoulder blades.

Bush beans: varieties

There is a compact one bush variety of green beans, which due to its early ripening (55-65 days) can be grown in any region of the Russian Federation. The low-growing Bona variety (bush height 40 cm) was bred by domestic breeders; it can be found at dachas in Siberia and the Moscow region. The food includes shoulder blades and white bean seeds.

Pod characteristics:

• length 15 cm;
• round shape with a curved tip;
• there are no hard fibers in the pulp of the valves;
• number of beans 5, color white.

In the southeast of Russia, tepary beans are popular. This is a special type of bush bean native to the Southern United States. It is valued for its heat resistance, drought resistance and good immunity. Species characteristics:

• bushes up to 0.5 m high or climbing varieties with 3-meter lashes;
• flowers white, pink, light purple;
• pod length 10 cm;
• The color of the seeds depends on the variety and can be variegated, burgundy, white, or brown.

The taste of the beans depends on the color. This popular variety of legume is used for medicinal purposes, in cooking and in animal husbandry as feed.

Hulled grain beans

Bush type grain beans are considered universal in terms of the growing region. It does not require special care and grows in any climate. The nutritional value is provided by the grains; the leaves are not eaten. The grains are stored dry for a long time and do not require freezing; they undergo heat treatment (boiled, stewed) before use.

Climbing varieties deserve attention. Royal grain vines grow up to 3.5 m in a short time; during flowering they serve as a decoration for the garden. The formation and ripening of pods (12-14 cm) lasts about 70 days. The grains are large, white, 3-4 pcs. in a pod.

The Krasavitsa grain bean variety is chosen for the original color of the grains (it is two-colored), cold resistance, compact, productive bushes that are resistant to disease. The yield of the crop is friendly, the beans have a good taste and are universal in use.

It’s not for nothing that the mid-season Ruby beans were named so; their large grains are dark cherry, almost ruby ​​in color. Bush plant (height 60 cm). The pods are smooth, straight, up to 15 cm long. Advantages of Ruby: no lodging, resistance to bacteriosis, good taste.

Shokoladnitsa beans form tall bushes, belong to the mid-late varieties, the beans are variegated. The background of the grains is light brown, the spots (speckles) are white. Fruiting is extended.

Description of the characteristics of the variety Gribovskaya 92:

• mid-early (90-110 days);
• bush height from 20 to 45 cm;
• The length of the bob is 15 cm, the flaps contain hard fibers.

Fruit color

In most summer cottages, shelling and green beans are grown with beans of four basic colors:

• white;
• yellow;
• red;
• purple.

In the USA, a popular white type of legume is Navy, with small grains that do not require long-term heat treatment.

White

In Turkey and a number of Asian countries, just like in the USA, they love white beans, they grow Chali is a type of bush bean.. Large beans are boiled for 40 minutes without pre-soaking. Heat treatment does not reduce the beneficial properties of the fruit; they are most often served stewed.

Red

In Mexican cuisine, varieties with red beans are preferred. Kidney beans are grown for preparing hot and cold dishes and for canning. The grains of these varieties can have a variegated, purple, or dark red color. Beans are very healthy due to their high iron content; for better absorption, the grains are cooked together with other vegetables. This variety is recommended for use by patients diagnosed with diabetes, rheumatism.

Black

The black chokeberry variety Charodeyka looks original. The beans are shiny, black, and ripen quickly. The rounded valves are pale yellow (waxy) in color. The pods are long, from 14 to 16 cm, and have a delicious taste. Young shoulder blades and fully ripened beans are eaten. The sorceress rarely suffers from pests and diseases during the season.

Yellow

Yellow green beans are consumed without heat treatment, as well as stewed and boiled. Yellow beans Sweet Courage are considered the best. It is famous for its high yields of bright yellow beans (length 16 cm), which ripen early (40 to 55 days). Bush plant type, bush height 40 cm.

Brown

Brown kidney-shaped fruits of the climbing bean Violetta. A beautiful plant with vines up to 2.5 m long, covered with dark green wrinkled foliage. Ripens in medium terms. Characteristics of the pods:

• curved;
• without parchment layer and fibers;
• The color of the valves is purple.

Violetta's productivity is 2.5 kg/m².

Motley

Pinto beans are loved and grown in the USA and Latin American countries; their beans are appetizing and variegated. On the soft pink background of the grains, brown-red streaks of different sizes and shapes are visible. The species began its history in Spain.
For lovers of original vegetables, Yin Yang asparagus beans are ideal; this new selection cannot fail to please:

• early maturation;
• pods are round, bright yellow;
• the flowers are beautiful, lemon-colored;
• the beans have an original spotted, white and black color;
• the doors are tender, without a parchment layer;
• the bushes are low.

Fruit size

The range of grain sizes and shapes is wide. There is a classification of varieties based on the size of the grains (pods):

• small;
• average;
• large.

Varieties of large beans

The climbing variety Blauchilda can be called giant. Everything about this plant is purple (pods, flowers). The growing season is long - 110 days. In the middle zone, Blauchilda is propagated by seedlings. The plant is decorative, blooms and bears fruit at the same time. Large, wide, purple pods 23 cm long change color to green when cooked. The grains are beige, large. Other varieties of large green beans:

• Green Giant;
• Harmony;
• Spaghetti;
• Matilda.

Small

Navy is a type of small white bean. The grains are very similar in shape to peas (round, small). They are very healthy due to their high fiber and vitamin content. The taste of the beans is delicate, the consistency is dense. The nutritional value:

• protein 25.1 g;
• fats 1.5 g;
• carbohydrates 69.1 g.

Bean varieties by ripening time

The ripening period is one of the important characteristics of the variety. The classification is the same for all types; the evaluation parameters are given in the table.

Characteristics by ripening period	Rate of ripening in days
Early	Up to 65
Mid-early	From 65 to 75
Mid-season	From 75 to 100
Late	From 100

Early and mid-early varieties that ripen quickly in temperate climates are popular among summer residents. For planting at the dacha choose:

• Saksa 615 is an old, well-deserved bush-type variety, in production since 1943, it forms bushes up to 54 cm high, the blades grow up to 13 cm in length, the beans are yellow-colored, early ripening (50 days);
• Caramel is a bush variety that forms long beans, devoid of hard fibers, with beans of excellent taste, and is characterized by increased immunity to legume diseases;
• Shahinya is a vegetable, bush variety (30 cm high), forms light green blades up to 11 cm long and 0.9 cm in diameter, there is no parchment layer, the taste is excellent, and disease resistance is high.

Large selection of mid-season varieties. The Pobeditel variety deserves special attention. This is a beautiful climbing plant. The winner is valued by summer residents for the high decorativeness of the bushes; with its help, they create spectacular hedges in the garden, decorate gazebos and terraces. The pods are formed long (30 cm) flat in shape, the beans have a good taste.

It is worth paying attention to the universal late-ripening variety (ripening in 100 days) Moscow White. Unripe shoulder blades (up to 11 cm long) and ripened white beans are eaten. Moscow white forms 40-centimeter compact bushes, the yield of which can reach up to 1.5 kg/m².

Recommendations by region

The technology for growing legumes does not depend on the climate zone. There are differences in the timing of planting (harvesting) and soil composition. For each region, you can choose a variety suitable for the ripening period.Late-ripening species grow well in Siberia in closed ground.

For Siberia

Growing this legume is common in Siberia. There is a large selection of varieties that ripen in open ground during the short Siberian summer:

• Gold of Siberia - vegetable type, medium-sized bushes, yellow pods, white grains, yield 1.4 kg/m²;
• Nika is a productive vegetable variety of early ripening (50 days), a bush 44 cm high, the leaves are pale green, do not contain coarse fibers, the ocher-colored grains are kidney-shaped;
• Siberian;
• Anniversary.

For the middle band

In the middle zone, Swallow beans are especially popular. This grain species is unpretentious and adapts well to weather conditions. Variety characteristics:

• bush low, compact;
• early ripening period;
• pod length 15 cm;
• The grain is white with black streaks in the shape of a swallow.

For southern regions

The table shows varieties for the southern regions.

Cereal	Vegetable
Varvara	News
Housewife's dream	Zinaida
Stanichnaya	Luck
Heliad	Hope
Ballad	Dialogue

Varieties by growing method

For open ground, zoned varieties (asparagus, grains) that are resistant to infections and the climatic conditions of the region are chosen. Popular among asparagus are:

• Flamingo;
• Crane;
• Gerda;
• Polka.

Of the grain varieties, preference is given to Lastochka, Rubin, and Shokoladnitsa.

For the greenhouse we recommend:

• Cobra;
• Ferrari;
• Golden Tipi;
• Blue Lake.

For the balcony, they buy the seeds of the low-growing bush asparagus bean Mascote; this variety is especially popular in France. Small bushes will feel comfortable in a pot placed on the balcony. Small bushes bear fruit well. Long (15 cm) green pods, juicy and tasty, ripen in 50 days.

The successful work of domestic and foreign breeders makes it possible to grow new interesting varieties every year.