Tomatoes are heat-loving crops, so to grow them it is necessary to take into account the climate and weather conditions of the region. Tomatoes in the open ground in the Moscow region will feel comfortable if you choose the right area for planting and care for them in accordance with the rules of agricultural technology.
Which tomatoes are best to plant in the Moscow region?
Among the climatic features of the Moscow region are:
- sudden temperature changes in summer from 25 to 10 degrees Celsius;
- increased air humidity, reaching 75-80 percent;
- the beginning of autumn frosts in early October-November.
Buying tomato seeds for open ground, rely on the fact that:
- The selection of the type of vegetable is carried out in accordance with the conditions of the site, soil characteristics, and the capabilities of the summer resident.
- It is better to choose a vegetable plant bred by local breeders.
- Purchase tomato seeds from trusted manufacturers.
- Several types of vegetable plants should be planted so that weather conditions during the growing season do not lead to the death of the bushes and leave them without a harvest.
In open ground, both low-growing, determinate species and tall, indeterminate species will develop and bear fruit better. But the time of ripening also plays an important role in obtaining a high-quality harvest.
Popular early ripening varieties
A feature of early-ripening tomatoes is their early fruiting, which not only makes it possible to enjoy the fruits in June-July, but also helps save the plant from diseases.
In the regions of central Russia, the following varieties are used for planting in open ground:
- The bright red fruits of the Sanka tomato are distinguished by their excellent taste and benefits. On low-growing bushes sixty centimeters high, 90-100 days after the first sprouts appear from the seeds, tomatoes appear. They can weigh at least one hundred grams. The fruits are pleasing with their rapid ripening and yield per plant of up to three to four kilograms.
- The Anyuta hybrid ripens 86-94 days after the first shoots. If the summer in the Moscow region is favorable, you can harvest aromatic tomatoes twice – in June and August. The height of the determinant bush is from sixty to seventy centimeters.Hybrid tomato is characterized by high resistance to infection by fungal and viral diseases. The versatility of the fruit lies in its use for fresh consumption, and for pickling, pickling for the winter, collecting up to three kilograms of tomatoes from one bush.
- The Shchelkovsky tomato is considered super early, since ripe tomatoes are picked from it after 85-90 days. Low bushes, up to thirty centimeters, are used for site design. They are easy to grow on the balcony in pots or tubs. The fruits ripen within one week. The variety produces cherry tomatoes, so beloved by many, with a pleasant taste and smell. The only disadvantage of the vegetable plant is the inability of the fruit to be stored for a long time.
- The Cheerful Gnome variety produces tomatoes that look like red icicles and ripen one hundred days after the seeds germinate. Determinate tomato bushes can be a little over half a meter high. The pulp of the fruit, reaching a mass of one hundred grams, is sweet and juicy.
- Among the high-yielding tomatoes for open ground in the Moscow region, we can mention Iceberg, which you can enjoy in the middle of summer. The advantages of the vegetable include the short stature of the bush of 60-80 centimeters, the weight of each tomato is two hundred grams. The fruits are characterized by high-quality setting even at low air temperatures.
Typically, early tomatoes are classified as determinate varieties by plant type.
High Yield Determinants
The Demidov tomato bush can grow up to a maximum of sixty centimeters in height. The advantages of choosing this variety include:
- resistance to late blight and other fungal diseases;
- excellent tolerance to sudden temperature changes;
- absence of cracking in weakly ribbed fruits;
- tomato weight from 80 to 120 grams;
- dry matter content in the pulp up to four percent;
- obtaining harvests 100-110 days after germination.
Vegetable growers note the unpretentiousness of tomatoes in growing and caring for. The fruits can be picked unripe; they quickly reach ripeness in a cool, dark room, maintaining excellent presentation. They collect up to twelve kilograms of juicy tomatoes from one square meter.
The compact determinant Fitous, in addition to its protection from diseases, is famous for its round red tomatoes, the flesh of which is juicy and sweet. The variety is considered the best cherry variety for open ground. The variety bears fruit until frost. From one square meter, under favorable conditions, up to twelve kilograms of tasty tomatoes can be harvested.
The characteristics of the Danko variety include:
- weak foliage of a bush 50-70 centimeters high;
- heart-shaped red fruits;
- weight 170-250 grams;
- collecting fruits from one square meter to four kilograms.
- excellent taste of tomatoes;
- immunity to diseases;
- good drought tolerance.
To care for a tomato, it is necessary to pin and tie the stem.
The best determinants for the area
Tall tomatoes are rarely grown in unprotected soil, but they produce large and tasty fruits that are good for fresh consumption.
The best varieties for the Moscow region are represented by the following tall tomatoes:
- The bushes boast large fruits weighing four hundred grams each, with sweet pulp. Tomatoes Paradise Delight. The height of the stem reaches more than a meter. The variety belongs to the mid-season species, bearing the first fruits 125 days after germination. The yield is four kilograms per plant.Lightly ribbed tomatoes are bright red in color, universal in purpose, and do not crack. The juice made from them is very tasty. The variety is resistant to common vegetable diseases.
- The Bull's Heart bush often reaches a height of up to one and a half meters. The tomatoes on it are large and can be either red, yellow or orange. There are also black fruits. All of them weigh five hundred grams. The variety is grown following all the rules of tomato agricultural technology.
- Hybrid Winter Cherry tomatoes reach a weight of thirty to forty grams. They are located on bushes over a meter high. Unripe tomatoes are green in color with a dark spot near the stalk. Ripeness is determined by the red color of the round fruit. About four kilograms of cherry tomatoes are harvested from one bush.
- The best varieties of tomatoes are represented by such a plant as the Japanese truffle. There are several varieties of indeterminate - red, yellow and black. The name of the variety was chosen based on the shape of the fruit, which resembles a truffle mushroom in appearance. A powerful-looking bush requires the procedure of removing lateral stepsons and tying them to pegs. But the yield of the vegetable is high - from one plant you can collect up to eight kilograms of fruit weighing one hundred and fifty to two hundred grams.
- The early-ripening hybrid Overture NK is famous for its fleshy tomatoes weighing 120-130 grams. They form a bush reaching a height of 180 centimeters, with one or two stems.
- The Wild Rose tomato grows super tall, up to more than two meters. Without gartering and pinching, the fruiting of the variety will be insignificant. In good conditions, it produces high yields of raspberry-colored fruit weighing four hundred grams.
All indeterminate species, which include varieties of tomatoes for open ground in the Moscow region, are helped to safely reach the fruiting period by proper, competent care. If they are not hybrids, then you can take seeds from your favorite tomatoes for planting next summer.
Cherry tomatoes are the best for the Moscow region
The Moscow region and its climatic features make it possible to plant small-fruited species of vegetable plants such as cherry in open ground.
Among these varieties, the following are considered popular:
- mid-early tomato Honey Drop, indeterminate type, up to two meters in height with pear-shaped fruits, yellow in color, sweet in taste;
- hybrid Barberry with clusters of round sweet and sour tomatoes, up to sixty pieces on one bunch;
- cocktail variety Ildi, famous for its small, yellow or orange tomatoes, ideal for canning;
- Green grapes with lime-olive tomatoes with a pleasant sweet taste.
The cherry variety is represented by both a varietal plant and a hybrid one. More often, small-fruited tomatoes are adjacent to a tall bush, which needs to be formed and tied up.
What tomatoes are popular in the Moscow region?
According to reviews from gardeners, the following varieties of tomatoes for the Moscow region can be distinguished:
- The Alenka hybrid is valued for its excellent taste, early fruiting - 90 days after germination. And the yields are 14 kilograms of medium-sized tomatoes per square meter.
- In the variety Mongolian dwarf, an unpretentious plant, the bush is no more than half a meter high, but produces fruits weighing three hundred grams.
- White filling tomatoes are not afraid of frost, they do not require pinching or constructing supports for tying.
- Medok delights with fruits similar to plums. In addition, the tomatoes of this variety are fleshy and sweet.
- From ribbed tomatoes represents the best varieties of tomatoes Lorraine beauty. The fruits of the vegetable in cross-section are similar to chrysanthemums. From one plant you can harvest up to ten tomatoes in open ground, each weighing half a kilogram. They note the rich red color of the fruits and their pleasant taste, with a sufficient amount of sugar.
Summer residents and farmers plant both low-growing and tall tomato bushes on their plots. Depending on the quality of the seed material and the timing of sowing, early and high tomato yields are obtained.
Features of growing vegetables
Due to certain climatic conditions in the Moscow region, tomatoes are planted in seedlings. Preparation for sowing includes:
- preparing boxes for seedlings;
- filling them with a mixture of turf soil, humus, sand in a ratio of 2:4:0.5;
- warming up the soil;
- watering the soil with a weak solution of potassium permanganate;
- seed disinfection.
Seeds are planted in the first days of April, for early-ripening tomatoes - at the end of March. The boxes are covered with foil on top and placed in a warm room. The emerging seedlings are given a temperature of fifteen degrees during the day, and ten degrees at night. Water them moderately, not allowing the top layer to dry out or become waterlogged. For picking seedlings, only healthy and strong seedlings are selected. Seedling care includes:
- maintaining the air temperature at 18-25 degrees Celsius;
- abundant but infrequent watering in the morning;
- feeding ten days after picking, with mullein in a ratio of 1:5 or azophoska;
- application of fertilizers twice, with a break of eight days;
- hardening of seedlings before planting in open ground.
For good tomato yields, you need to choose a place on the site that is protected from the winds and well heated by the sun. Good predecessors of tomatoes are root vegetables and cabbage. Tomatoes are planted in open ground in the Moscow region according to the scheme 70 x 70 or 60 x 60, depending on the variety.
The best time is mid-May, when the soil has warmed up well and the threat of frost has gone.
In order to get high-quality tomato fruits on time, it is necessary to take proper care of the vegetable crop. This includes timely watering, application of organic and mineral fertilizers, and bush formation. For indeterminate varieties, a reliable tie to pegs or trellises is required. Harvest tomatoes as they become ripe. Unripe ones are placed in clean, dry boxes. If the tomatoes are not hybrids, then you can squeeze out the seeds from them to propagate your favorite variety next year.
