Most gardeners in our country grow tomatoes. This culture is quite often used to create preserves and various vegetable dishes. Tomatoes love heat very much and therefore in regions of the country with a cold climate, problems may arise during cultivation. For such areas, it is recommended to buy tomato varieties for the Urals. They tolerate sudden temperature changes and other climatic features of the region without problems.
Requirements for tomatoes
To choose the best tomato varieties for the Urals, you need to familiarize yourself with the basic requirements for them.
Tomatoes are very thermophilic, so it is necessary to grow tomatoes for open ground in the Urals at temperatures above 25 degrees. For the Urals and Siberia, this temperature indicator is quite high and because of this it is necessary to grow bushes in greenhouse conditions. If you maintain the optimal temperature regime, the best-yielding tomatoes will begin to produce their first fruits one hundred days after planting.
However, the speed of ripening can also be affected by such characteristics of the variety as frost resistance and early ripening. The growing season of varieties for the Middle Urals should not exceed one hundred days.
Modern breeders have developed the best varieties of tomatoes for the Urals. Most often they have two-chambered or multi-chambered fruits that are covered with dense skin. If tomatoes for the Urals have a large number of chambers, then they have thick and dense partitions. These varieties are distinguished by their meatiness and juiciness. It is possible to grow some varieties of tomatoes in open ground in the Urals or in greenhouses. They can withstand even severe frosts and temperature changes without any problems.
The basic requirements for tomatoes that can be grown in the Middle Urals include:
- Resistance to temperature changes. Growing tomatoes in cold climates is often accompanied by severe temperature changes. They can even be observed in greenhouses. They can get very hot during the day and cool down quickly at night. Under such conditions, even productive tomato varieties will not have good yields.
- Rapid formation and ripening of tomatoes. In summer, greenhouses are often left open.Because of this, spores of dangerous fungi get inside, which can infect plants with one or another disease. Therefore, it is recommended to plant only those varieties that can ripen before they become infected with the disease.
- Transportability. Fruits must not spoil for a long time so that they can be transported over long distances.
- Resistance to infections and diseases. Such plants not only get sick less, but also have good yields.
Greenhouse varieties
To figure out which varieties of tomatoes are best to plant in greenhouses, you need to familiarize yourself with their characteristics. There are several varieties of tomatoes that are best planted indoors rather than outdoors.
Lelya
These early determinate tomatoes begin to ripen after 100 days of planting in a greenhouse. The bushes of the plant are not too tall and grow only up to 60 cm in height, so they can be grown without pinching and tying them to special supporting elements. The bush is covered with a small number of green leaves. Also, small inflorescences form on it over time. The first appears above the eighth leaf, and all subsequent ones are formed through one leaf.
The fruits have an almost perfect round shape, they are colored red and have an excellent taste. The most productive bushes produce about 5-8 kg of tomatoes. The weight of each individual fruit is 180 grams. Low-growing Lelya tomatoes are used for processing, canning or preparing fresh vegetable salads.
The main advantages include:
- tolerance of low and high temperatures;
- disease resistance.
Titanic
Ideal for growing in the Urals. Titanic is a mid-season tomato, the first shoots of which appear within 120 days.Its bushes are very low and grow only up to 45-55 cm. It is recommended to plant tomato seeds only in greenhouses, since they will germinate less easily outside.
Titanic fruits are distinguished by their beautiful appearance. They are covered with a dark red skin. The size of ripe tomatoes is not very large and is only 100-115 grams. The largest fruits are located in the lower part of the plant and grow up to 200 grams. They have a sweet sugary taste that is completely lacking in sourness.
If you properly care for the Titanic, you can harvest more than five kilograms of tomatoes from one plant.
Such tomatoes for growing in the Urals have their own positive qualities, which include:
- high level of productivity;
- resistance to most diseases;
- tolerance to lack of moisture.
Kostroma
Many gardeners, when looking for the best varieties for the Urals, are faced with tomato Kostroma. The peculiarity of this Siberian selection is that it has an excellent taste, which distinguishes it from other varieties. Thanks to this, Kostroma tomatoes are often used in cooking. Housewives make excellent vegetable salads and preserves from it.
Tomato bushes grow very quickly and therefore the fruits begin to ripen quite early. Within 90 days after planting it will be possible to get the first harvest. Kostroma fruits are covered with red skin. The average weight of each tomato is about 120-130 grams. The largest tomatoes are on the lower stems and weigh more than 150 grams. The yield of this variety is quite good - about 5-6 kilograms of fruit are obtained from the bush.
This Ural tomato has some advantages:
- possibility of long-term storage;
- early maturation;
- good yield;
- tolerance to low humidity.
Wonderful lady
It is recommended that planting of this Siberian selection be carried out only in greenhouses. During cultivation for a hundred days, fairly large red fruits appear on the bushes.
The fair lady is not a very tall plant. Mature bushes grow only up to 50 centimeters, which makes it possible to avoid periodic tying to high supports. Over time, small clusters appear on the bushes, which contain 5-8 fruits weighing 210 grams.
The main advantages of the variety are resistance to a number of diseases, low lighting levels and sudden weather changes.
Tomatoes for open ground
Some new varieties that are grown in the Trans-Ural region can even be planted in open ground. Therefore, before choosing the best tomato seeds for open ground, it is recommended to familiarize yourself with well-known varieties.
Alsou
A distinctive feature of Alsou is that its fruits ripen very early. Literally 70 days after planting the seedlings, the first tomatoes begin to sing. This variety can be grown in the northern and southern regions.
The plant grows up to 80 centimeters, so you will have to start staking the bushes to protect it from strong gusts of wind and other loads. The fruits differ from other varieties because they have a ribbed surface. Unripe tomatoes have a greenish tint and a dark light green spot located in the stalk area. After ripening, it completely disappears and the fruit turns completely red. Ripened tomatoes are used in the preparation of fresh juice, canning and various vegetable dishes.
Berdsky
The Perm region and Yekaterinburg are perfect for growing this variety. Berdsky tomato is distinguished by large fruits and high yield.If the bushes are grown correctly, their height can exceed one meter. Therefore, you will have to tie them to supports. Also during cultivation you should start forming bushes. To get the largest number of tomatoes, it is recommended to form the plant into two stems.
The shape of the fruit is no different from most other varieties, since they are also round. However, their weight sets them apart, which in some cases is 750-800 grams. Most often, such large tomatoes are located at the bottom, and smaller fruits are located on top. Berd tomatoes are used to make sauces, juices and vegetable salads.
Gina
A popular large-fruited variety that can be grown in the Urals is Gina. Its bushes are not too large and, at best, grow up to 55 centimeters. However, you will still have to tie them up, since the fruits are too large and the plant may break under their weight. The bushes are resistant to root rot, fusarium, TMV and verticillium.
5-6 fruits are formed on one brush. They are round in shape and slightly flattened at the top. The average weight of each tomato is 400-500 grams. They are covered with a dense and thick skin, under which there is juicy, sweetish pulp. The main advantage of the fruit is its shelf life. If you create optimal conditions for storing tomatoes, they will not lose their commercial quality for two months.
King of Siberia
Cultivation of this variety is quite popular among gardeners who prefer to grow large-fruited tomatoes. It was developed relatively recently by domestic scientists.The King of Siberia was created specifically to be planted in cold and unstable climates.
The bushes of this selection are quite tall and can grow up to two meters. Therefore, during planting, it is recommended to install supports near each plant to which they can be tied.
The King of Siberia has large fruits weighing about 800 grams. When grown correctly, the largest tomatoes can even grow up to one kilogram. The fruits are very juicy and fleshy, so they are used to make ketchup. Due to their large size, tomatoes are very rarely used for preservation.
Alpha
This variety is one of the best tomato varieties for the Urals. It grows well in such an area, as it copes well with unstable climates and temperature changes.
Alpha's bushes are low - the average height is 40 centimeters. It is recommended to periodically remove the shoots from the plant so that the lower part of the stem becomes more stable and strong. Over time, small leaves appear on the bush, which in appearance resemble potato leaves.
The round fruits are covered with red skin and slightly flattened at the edges. Alpha cannot boast of large tomatoes, since on average they weigh 50-60 grams.
Care
You need to properly care for any variety of tomatoes, since it is quite difficult to grow good fruits without this.
Watering
All tomatoes need regular watering. However, you should not do this too often. It is recommended to moisten the soil only after it begins to dry out significantly. The number of waterings increases during the formation of the first ovaries. If you rarely water the bushes at this time, the ovaries will disappear and the number of fruits will decrease significantly.
It is recommended to moisten the soil using the drip method. This method has several advantages. Its use increases the amount of harvest and protects young bushes from blossom end rot. You can also add a little ash to the water to reduce the likelihood of disease occurring.
Top dressing
It is necessary to fertilize the soil three times per season. However, some vegetable growers do this every two to three weeks. Various fertilizers can be used as fertilizers. The main thing is that they contain enough potassium and phosphorus. Most often, self-prepared mixtures are used. To create a top dressing, you can mix ten liters of water with 50 grams of potassium and 70 grams of superphosphate.
You can also add various microfertilizers to the soil. Magnesium and boron are used quite often. In this case, boron is applied only after the first flowers appear on the bushes.
Garter
Only tall, sweet varieties of tomatoes are tied, since their stems most often cannot cope with gusts of wind and heavy loads from the fruit. Plants are tied to special stakes, which are recommended to be placed near each bush. For this purpose, supports one and a half meters high are used. They dig into the ground to a depth of 35-45 centimeters.
You can also tie bushes to wire. It is stretched between supports along each row. It is necessary to use strong wire so that it does not bend too much under the load of large fruits.
Formation of bushes
Almost all vegetable growers are involved in removing shoots and forming bushes. This is done to improve yields and produce larger fruits. Most often, only one main stem is left during formation.However, some varieties can be formed into several. Quite often, Cherry tomatoes, which are grown in warm climates, are formed into two stems.
Conclusion
Choosing the best variety of tomatoes for the Urals is quite simple. To do this, just familiarize yourself with the most common varieties and study the reviews of people who grow them.
