Description and characteristics of the apple tree variety Oryol Polesye, cultivation

The Oryol Polesye apple tree is the one most often found in the garden of apple tree lovers. What are the characteristics of this variety, pros and cons, as well as fruiting and productivity indicators? Let's look at everything in more detail below.

Description of the variety

Apple trees of Oryol woodland are the most delicious apple varieties, which are distinguished by winter hardiness and productivity.Apple trees of this variety also have their own immunity to scab thanks to the Vf gene. In addition, from the description of any reference book it is said that the variety is partially self-pollinating and is resistant to the preservation of heredity. Thus, since 2002 it has been included in the state register as one of the highest quality varieties.

Characteristics

The apple trees of Oryol woodland have their own distinctive characteristics. Trees of this variety have medium height, a loose crown, spherical branches, a perpendicular trunk, straight branches with shoots directed upward and smooth bark.

In addition, on the tree trunk, the fruits are set on two types of ringlets, and the growing brown shoots are slightly drooping. The buds are conical in shape and small in size. They fit tightly to the shoots, unlike other varieties of apple trees.

The leaves are dark green in color and ovoid in shape. They have a wrinkled and rough surface. Closer to the branches they are a little fluffy. The pedicels first acquire a pinkish tint, then lighten. The opened flowers have a flat shape and loosely closed round petals. The column of pistils is characterized by an fused and non-descended structure.

Ready apples are covered with shiny skin. They have a large and oblong-conical shape. Each of them weighs 150 grams and has a wide-ribbed, closed cup, and is also located on the tree on a small stalk. The grooved saucer is small in size. The fruit seeds are located in closed chambers.

The peel of the fruit is shiny and oily in texture, and has a greenish-yellow color. The pulp has a dessert, lemon-sweet taste. A similar taste is found in Youth, Bolotovsky and Fragrant apple trees.

Pros and cons of the variety

The variety has its own list of advantages and disadvantages. Many gardeners consider the beautiful appearance and sweet taste of the fruit to be the main advantage. In particular, the taste is appreciated by international gardener-tasters.

Also, the advantages of Oryol Polesie include:

• Quick start to fruiting.
• High resistance to cold, heat and scab.
• High yield and long shelf life of the harvested crop.
• Versatility (apple trees of this type can be grown in any place).

The only drawback of woodland is its thin peel. To prevent the product from losing its appearance, gardeners have to harvest very carefully and prevent the ripened fruits from falling.

Dimensions of an adult tree, annual growth

An adult tree is of medium size. By the age of two, it grows 5 meters. It grows by 40 centimeters annually, since most of the branches stretch upward. Over time, the growth decreases.

Frequency of fruiting

The trees bear fruit regularly and consistently. Even after reaching its 50th anniversary, each apple tree produces a lot of fruit. Naturally, if the tree is not properly cared for and has a disease, it begins to bear fruit less often.

Productivity

Oryol woodland brings rich harvests. Grafted trees at the age of 10 years produce 140 c/ha throughout the summer. A rich harvest of trees of this species depends on proper planting, fertilizing, pruning and pest control.

Apple trees need to be planted 5-7 centimeters deep with settling soil. The root system of the seedling should not be buried. Feeding is required when planting with organic matter, and every 2-3 years in the fall with dolomite flour.If there is abundant flowering, you need to feed the trees with liquid fertilizer filled with vitamin microelements.

You need to prune for the first 2-4 years to create a beautiful and uniform crown. In this case, the side branches should be cut off more than the straight ones. As they grow, the tree will become overloaded with fruits and produce less yield.

Pests need to be controlled every spring with bark beetle repellent. To combat codling moths, you need to spray the trees with Bordeaux mixture.

Tasting assessment

The pulp of the fruit is distinguished by a white-cream color and a coarse-grained prickly structure. It is juicy, sweet and has almost the highest tasting rating of the originator - 4.3 points.

Frost resistance

The trees withstand harsh Russian winters well. If the Antonovka variety is damaged by 1 point, then this variety is damaged by 1.2 points, which is a quite decent indicator of frost resistance.

In order for the tree to better withstand the winter and suffer less damage, pruning and vitamin feeding are needed in the spring, and in the summer it requires abundant watering and protection from excessive sunlight on the leaves and branches.

Disease resistance

The variety is quite resistant to all diseases found in apple trees. So, for example, he has the Vf gene and is not afraid of scab. However, if adjacent to diseased trees, it can become infected. Just like with other trees, it does not tolerate small pests in the form of insects.

Features of ripening and fruiting

Like many varieties, Oryol Polesie has its own characteristics of ripening and fruiting. The variety is mainly focused on the central Russian black earth region and does not suffer from frost. When growing a variety in other regions, it is necessary to take into account all the features of its native region.Fruiting will not be affected and will be annual.

Apple trees ripen and produce a rich harvest every year only with sufficient light. Also, the lack of personal space for an apple tree and its oppression by other plants can lead to increased oxidation of the fruit and, as a rule, a reduction in yield.

In the first years of life, apple trees need to remove the buds and protect the trunk from the sun with whitewash. This can help apple trees recharge with micronutrients for the winter and maintain healthy roots.

In addition, from young apple trees it is necessary to remove almost all the foliage from the crown. This will help facilitate and speed up root development. In addition, apple trees of this variety require abundant watering of 15 liters per day.

Taking into account these features, it is possible to achieve rapid ripening and fruiting of young apple trees.

The apple variety from Oryol Polesie quickly ripens and bears fruit. The fruits ripen at the end of September. Young trees bear fruit from the 10th grafting or planting. On average, the regional indicators look like this: up to 150 c/ha of crop with a density of 100 apple trees/ha. That is, the variety produces approximately 150 kilograms from each tree.

Timing of flowering and fruit ripening

Rich fruiting occurs in the 4th year. Flowering occurs in the middle of the May decade and depends on the weather. The fruits ripen towards the end of September. By October, the fruits acquire aroma and taste.

The harvest is stored in a cold, dark place and does not lose its beneficial qualities, aroma and sweet juicy taste until the middle of the first month of winter. It loses its presentation towards the end of winter.

Favorable regions for cultivation

The most favorable regions for growing Oryol Polesie are the central black soils. The Volga region is also favorable.