The Papirovka apple tree variety was bred by breeders from the Baltic states. This apple variety is considered one of the oldest, but despite this, it is still popular among summer residents.
- Breeding history
- Characteristics of the apple tree
- External parameters
- Trunk height
- Crown size
- Harvest quantity
- Fruit size and taste
- Resistance to sub-zero temperatures
- Self-fertility and pollination
- Immunity to diseases and infections
- Advantages and disadvantages of the type
- Dates of fruiting and ripening
- Transportability and storage of apples
- Reproduction methods
- In which areas is it preferable to land?
- Planting and care
- Preparation of seedlings
- Disembarkation dates and scheme
- Required soil composition
- Top dressing
- Regularity of watering
- Pruning and crown formation
- Graft
- Seasonal processing
- Preparing for winter
- Variety varieties
- Semi-dwarf
- Amber
- Baltic
- Ural
- Summer
- Altai
- Red
- Honey
- Winter-hardy
Breeding history
The Papirovka apple tree was first mentioned in the 19th century. The Baltic states are considered the birthplace of the variety. You can find a hybrid under other names - Baltic or Alabaster.
Characteristics of the apple tree
When buying a tree seedling, study its characteristics. First of all, this is the height of the tree, the diameter of the crown and the yield of the apple tree.
External parameters
It is advisable to study the description of a plant from external parameters. If you do not pay attention to this, you may not calculate how much territory to leave for the tree.
And if there is not enough space for the apple tree, then the yield will be poor.
Trunk height
On black soil, the tree grows up to 7-9 m. Papirovka grows especially actively in the first years after planting. On non-chernozem, the trunk height reaches 4-5 m.
Crown size
If the crown is not trimmed, its diameter reaches 4-5 m. With regular pruning, the width can be controlled so that the tree does not grow.
Harvest quantity
The yield is stable every year. On average, from 14 to 23 kg of fruit are harvested from an adult apple tree. The older the apple tree, the higher the yield. The maximum yield was 80 kg.
Fruit size and taste
The pulp is juicy, sweet and sour. In cold summers, apples are more sour. The pulp is loose, with a pleasant apple aroma. The peel is green-yellow, thin. The mass of apples is 100-130 g.
Resistance to sub-zero temperatures
Papirovka has average frost resistance. During severe frosts, the apple tree does not always freeze. But it happens that Papirovka does not survive harsh winters.
Self-fertility and pollination
Refers to self-fertile.The best pollinating varieties are:
- Grushovka Moskovskaya;
- Anise;
- Robin.
It is worth planting apple trees nearby, the flowering period of which coincides with Papirovka.
Immunity to diseases and infections
Disease resistance is average.
Advantages and disadvantages of the type
The benefits include:
- productivity;
- frost resistance;
- tree dimensions;
- early fruiting;
- immunity to disease.
Among the disadvantages is the fact that in cold summers there will be no sweet fruits.
Dates of fruiting and ripening
Fruiting begins in the 3-4th year after planting the seedling. The first ripe apples appear at the end of July. By August, fruit ripening ends.
Transportability and storage of apples
After harvesting, apples are stored for about 17 days. Transportability is average.
Reproduction methods
Among the methods of propagation are cuttings and planting seedlings. The easiest way is to plant a ready-made seedling. You can also grow an apple tree from root cuttings. To do this, you will need a root 15-20 cm long. The root is planted in the soil. Then it develops as an independent plant.
In which areas is it preferable to land?
It can be planted in any region, even in northern latitudes. The southern and central regions are considered favorable for growing the plant.
Planting and care
The health and productivity of the apple tree depends on the correct planting and care of the tree.
Preparation of seedlings
Before planting, seedlings are kept in a growth activator for several hours. Damaged and severely dried roots are cut off. Before planting, the rhizome is dipped in a clay solution.
Disembarkation dates and scheme
It is recommended to plant seedlings in the fall, until mid-October. The pit is prepared 3 weeks before planting. They dig a hole and fill it with manure and ash.They place a seedling in the center, tie it to a stake and cover it with soil. At the end, water generously.
Required soil composition
The plant is undemanding to soil. It is recommended to plant on fertile, loose soils. The tree grows best on black soil. On non-black soil, apples grow small.
Top dressing
Feeding is carried out 4 times a season. During the period of active growth, nitrogen and organic fertilizers are added to the soil. After the ovaries form, phosphorus and potassium are added to the soil. The soil is also fertilized with manure, bone meal and humus.
Regularity of watering
The first time the apple tree is watered is during the formation of buds. The second time is when flowering begins. The third watering is carried out during the apple filling period. The last time the soil is watered is several weeks before frost. You only need to water with warm water.
Pruning and crown formation
In autumn, sanitary pruning is carried out. Cut off diseased and dry branches. In spring, rejuvenating pruning is carried out. They cut off some of the young branches and the top so that the tree grows wider. 3-4 skeletal branches are left on the plant. Fresh sections are treated with potassium permanganate or brilliant green. You should only cut the branches with sharp garden shears so as not to leave any creases.
Graft
It is not recommended to graft winter varieties. All others are eligible for vaccination.
Seasonal processing
Every spring, the apple tree is treated with Bordeaux mixture or copper sulfate to prevent the appearance of insects. In the fall, after harvesting, the apple tree is treated with urea or iron sulfate.
Preparing for winter
Before cold weather, the soil around is mulched with peat. The lower part of the trunk is wrapped in durable material to prevent mice from gnawing on the bark.
Variety varieties
There are several types of Padding, which differ in a number of characteristics.
Semi-dwarf
This is not a separate variety, but an ordinary Papirovka grafted onto a semi-dwarf tree.
Amber
A variety obtained by crossing Papirovka and Yantar.
Baltic
Another name for Padding.
Ural
Hybrid of Papirovka and Ranetka Red. Full name: Ural Liquid.
Summer
Advertising name Papirovki.
Altai
A little-known variety that is often passed off as Papirovka.
Red
Another name for the Uralskoe Nalivnoe variety.
Honey
Has nothing to do with Papirovka. Often passed off by dishonest sellers as Honey Papirovka.
Winter-hardy
A variety invented by marketers. Paping itself is winter-hardy.
