Description and specific characteristics of the Uralets apple tree, planting and care

Breeding methods combine apple tree varieties with the best qualities to produce results that are superior to the originals. In this way, the Uralets variety was obtained - an apple tree with a set of exceptional advantages. Uralets is grown in amateur gardens, as well as on an industrial scale, over vast areas. It has similarities with related cultures and also has distinctive features.

History of variety development

The species was obtained in the middle of the last century, at the Sverdlov horticultural station of the research institute of the same name. It took several years of work to obtain the variety.

The research was carried out by a group of gardeners; 3 varieties were used for crossing:

• Pink Striped Anise;
• Saratov Ukrainian;
• Chinese Wax.

Advantages and disadvantages

Advantages of the variety: resistance to low temperatures, stable yield. The disadvantage is the small size of the fruit and instability to fungal diseases.

Biological features of culture

Uralets is endowed with the qualities of a winter-hardy variety, has characteristic features, and is suitable for planting in several zones of Russia. The description of the variety takes into account all the characteristics; gardeners use them to make a choice.

Trunk height

Trees of the variety reach 5 meters. They can be shaped like shrubs for easy maintenance and care.

Crown size

The crown of the tree fits tightly to the trunk and in natural growth approaches a pyramidal type. The leaves cover the branches thickly and richly. The branches at the lower levels are horizontal to the ground, and towards the top they become vertical to the trunk.

Root system

Uralets has developed strong roots that go into the soil, holding the apple tree.

Leaves and fruits

The leaf size is described as medium; they are dense and have a matte color. Edged with teeth.

Annual growth

With proper care, the growth of young branches is from 50 to 70 centimeters.

Technical specifications

Based on technical parameters, crop types that are suitable for a specific area are selected.

Frost resistance

This sign is one of the most important for those who are planning to plant apple trees. Resistance to low temperatures is important for any variety. The Uralian was crossed with species that had different indicators for this type. He himself received high marks for this parameter; he can withstand from -30 to -40 degrees.

Immunity to diseases and pests

Resistance to scab and fungal diseases is considered average. After careful treatment with special means, the variety becomes resistant to these diseases. The apple tree is susceptible to damage by the codling moth.

Frequency of fruiting

The apple tree begins to bear fruit 4 or 5 years after planting. Fruits abundantly after 6-7 years of life. The peak occurs at 40-50 years of age.

Maximum age

Trees of this species can live for about 100 years. Considering that the variety is classified as a fruit crop, the average age is artificially reduced to 70-80 years.

Reproduction

There are several ways to distribute Uralets:

• grafting;
• seedling method;
• seeds.

For rootstock it is recommended to choose wild varieties.

All about productivity

Productivity is one of the main characteristics of any variety.

When does a tree begin to bear fruit?

Full fruiting is expected from a tree only after 5-6 years, in some cases it may be delayed by a year.

Pollination and flowering

The variety is one of those that cannot self-pollinate.Pollen from a second apple tree is required for reproduction. Experts recommend using a variety that is close in performance: Nalivnoe Uralskoe.

The flowering period occurs at the end of May. The summer period is sufficient for complete pollination and fruit ripening. Apple tree flowers are white and small. Flowering is abundant.

Fruit ripening time

Fruiting begins in early or mid-September. The time period may vary depending on regional conditions. The fruits pull the branches towards the ground, but rarely fall off themselves.

Apple collection and use

Collection is carried out in dry weather, in the afternoon. Conditions allow you to avoid excess moisture, which can significantly spoil the preparation for storage. The fruits are suitable for making compotes, complement assorted jams, and are used to prepare fresh desserts.

Tasting qualities

Evaluation of a variety by tasters is a common procedure that involves comparison with many related crops. The Uralets received a score of 4.2 points.

Apple fruits are considered tasty, juicy, and sweet. The disadvantage may be the size of an average apple, it reaches 80 grams.

Frequency of fruiting

The tree is capable of bearing fruit annually. It is necessary to average the amount of ovary on the branches to avoid too large a harvest. This method will avoid alternating large and small types of yield.

How to plant and grow an apple tree

Amateur gardeners often choose a variety for planting, but do not fully understand what requirements apply to growing the crop.

Tips for selecting and preparing seedlings

Seedlings are purchased from trusted sellers.In addition, it is recommended to choose two-year-old seedlings; they are able to take root in a shorter time. The roots of seedlings must be cleared of debris and dead areas.

Choosing the best place

The apple tree is planted where it will have the opportunity to receive the necessary pollination. Between species it is necessary to maintain an interval of 6-7 meters.

Optimal timing

It is better to plant the variety in the fall, but you can do it in the spring. Spring planting period: end of April, until the end of May-beginning of June. At the end of summer, after cleaning the area, seedlings are planted until the end of October.

Planting scheme and dimensions of the landing pit

The pit for planting is prepared in advance. In the fall, it should be dug out 1-1.5 months before the start of the procedure. The depth of the hole should not be less than 50 centimeters; it is adjusted according to the size of the rhizome. The width should not be more than 50 centimeters; when planting neighboring trees, counting begins from the outermost border.

Step by step planting process

Planting begins with the preparation of seedlings:

1. The roots are straightened.
2. A support up to 1.5 meters high is placed in the pit.
3. The seedling is placed in the hole and covered with soil.
4. The earth is compacted, a trench is organized around the planting, and it is shed.

Features of seasonal care

For growth and development, it is necessary to carefully care for the crop.

Soil care

The soil is watered and fed in a timely manner.

Irrigation of a tree

The tree does not like drought and requires regular watering. Depending on the conditions, gardeners choose the frequency of watering, but it should not be less than once a month.

Foliar and root feeding

The roots are fed: in the spring - with urea, and in the fall - with the help of phosphates.

Prevention from diseases and pests

To prevent the appearance of fungal infections and to repel pests, trees are treated with karbofos.

Crown formation

Branches are pruned for the growth and development of the tree. The technique is traditional, the branches are cut after 3-4 buds.

Mulching and preparing for winter

The variety is considered one of the most frost-resistant; the only requirement for maintaining the crop in winter is mulching the soil. Any materials are suitable for this.

Subspecies

The crop has varieties that can be selected for planting taking into account weather conditions.

Semi-cultured

Features: small and juicy fruits of a reddish-green hue. This type is suitable for areas of Siberia, as it is resistant to low temperatures.

Dwarf

This type is suitable for large garden plots that have many species on the farm. Trees take up little space and produce a good harvest.

Standard

The variety can be formed as a standard one. This is a type of apple tree that has a bare part of the trunk, the crown, formed in the shape of a ball.

Autumn yellow

The trees are low-growing, but have an advantage over many other Ural varieties: they produce high yields with minimal care.