Names and descriptions of the TOP 11 best eggplant varieties for Siberia

Summer in Siberia is short. Under these conditions, vegetables do not always have time to ripen. But many gardeners, selecting early and mid-early varieties, have adapted to growing eggplants and other vegetable crops. Planting is carried out both in open and closed ground. Below is information about the best eggplant varieties for Siberia and the peculiarities of growing the crop in this region.

The best varieties of eggplant for Siberia and the Urals

In the northern regions, preference is given to early and mid-early eggplant varieties. This condition must be observed because the crop has a long growing season. The best eggplant varieties for Siberia and the Urals are as follows.

Early ripening 148

The height of the bushes varies between 20-50 centimeters. The shape of the vegetables is elongated pear-shaped, the color is purple. Fruit weight – 150-200 grams. Siberian early ripening eggplant 148 produces good yields even in unfavorable weather. Fruits in open ground and under cover.

Siberian Prince

The variety is grown mainly in greenhouse conditions. The Siberian Prince reaches a height of 50 centimeters. The fruits are shaped like a cylinder. The middle is curved. Fruit weight is 250-300 grams, color is dark purple.

White Night

The bushes reach a height of 70 centimeters. They grow 7-8 pear-shaped fruits of white or yellowish color. The length of the eggplant is 15-20 centimeters. Ripening occurs on the 105th day after planting. If early varieties are planted in a greenhouse, the harvest can be harvested 10 days earlier.

Bull heart F1

The height of the bushes is 70-80 centimeters. Eggplants ripen in 110-115 days. The weight of the oval fruits is about 300 grams. The skin is colored purple. You can plant Bull's heart F1 under a film cover and in an open area.

Nutcracker F1

This is a high-yielding hybrid. The fairy eggplant produces oval fruits that are dark purple in color. Their weight is 250-300 grams. The pulp does not contain bitterness. The mid-early variety is suitable for growing under film cover.

Diamond

The variety is popular not only in Siberia, but also in other regions.The bushes are productive: up to 8 kilograms of eggplant are harvested per square meter of area. The fruits are purple, almost black. Their length is about 17 centimeters, weight is 150-180 grams. The flesh is greenish in color.

Japanese dwarf

Eggplant produces fruits well not only in closed but also in open areas. The variety is dwarf: the bushes do not exceed a height of 40 centimeters. The fruits are shaped like a pear. Light flesh forms under the dark purple skin.

Baltic

This is another variety used for cultivation in northern regions. The height of the bushes varies between 45-75 centimeters. The shape of the purple fruits is cylindrical, length is 12-20 centimeters.

Czech early

The period from germination to technical maturity is 90-100 days. The fruits are large, ovoid. The skin is purple, the flesh is without bitterness. Eggplant weight is about 500 grams. The crop intended for the north-west is planted under a film cover.

Black brilliant

This is one of the early ripening eggplant varieties. The fruits ripen 105-110 days after planting. The height of the bushes is 50-60 centimeters. Fruit weight is 200-250 grams. The light flesh is covered with a dark purple skin.

Sailor F1

The variety attracts attention with its lilac-white striped fruits. They can be consumed raw. The bushes reach a height of 70-80 centimeters. They begin to bear fruit on the 105th day. The shape of the eggplant is pear-shaped, weight – 250-400 grams. In Siberian conditions they are grown under cover.

Additional Information. To get rid of solanine, which gives eggplants bitterness, place the chopped fruits in a bowl and sprinkle with salt. After 30 minutes, the bitter juice is poured out of the dish.

Features of growing crops in this region

In harsh regions with short summers, eggplants are grown by seedlings. In this case, gardeners will have time to remove as many fruits from the bush as possible.

Sowing seedlings

Sowing is carried out at the end of February or at the beginning of March. In the middle of the first spring month, shoots will appear. It is best to sow eggplants directly into peat pots. Then, when subsequently transplanted into the ground, the seedlings will be less sick. If there are no pots, select a shallow container.

Sowing is done as follows:

• seeds are placed in a disinfectant solution for 20-30 minutes and washed off with water;
• the box is filled with a substrate consisting of garden soil, peat, sand;
• make grooves 1-1.5 centimeters deep;
• sow seeds and cover them with substrate;
• spray with water from a spray bottle.

The box with the crops is covered with film and placed in a warm place. The air temperature in the room should reach 27 °C.

Seedling care

The film is removed every day and the crops are ventilated. When the sprouts hatch, the box is transferred to a well-lit room with an air temperature of about 18 °C. In such conditions he is kept for 5 days. Then the temperature is increased to 23-25 ​​°C.

Moisten the soil as necessary. Watering is usually done 1-2 times a week. Excess water should drain through the drainage holes. Otherwise, the seedlings may become infected with a fungal disease. To grow strong, healthy bushes, the soil is fertilized. The first fertilizing is carried out 2 weeks after emergence. To do this, 1 tablespoon of urea is diluted in 10 liters of water. Nutrients are added to the moist soil.

When 3-4 leaves appear on the bushes, they are transplanted into small pots.In separate containers, seedlings will have more space to develop. Before planting eggplants on the site, they are hardened off. To do this, the plants are taken out every day, first for a few minutes, then for several hours.

Landing at a permanent place

Seedlings can be planted in the greenhouse at the end of April. Eggplants are planted on a site in Siberia in mid-June. By this time the soil has time to warm up well. The bed is prepared the previous summer as follows:

• dig a hole 20-25 centimeters deep;
• pour organic material: sawdust, grass, clean leaves, small branches;
• water with infusion of bird droppings several times;
• in the fall they are covered with earth;
• fence the garden bed with boards.

In spring, the area is sprinkled with wood ash. 7-10 days before planting the eggplant, the bed is watered with mullein solution and heated with film. Then the ground is loosened and holes 15-20 centimeters deep are dug. The distance between bushes is 35 centimeters. Immediately after planting, the crop is watered with warm water. The root circle is sprinkled with mulch. Organic material will prevent the rapid evaporation of moisture from the depths of the earth. If the variety requires further garter, pegs are driven in immediately.

Care instructions

Initial care consists of timely watering and subsequent loosening of the soil. Bushes form. Eggplants are fed several times a season.

In the open ground

Eggplants are moisture-loving plants. At least a bucket of water is consumed per square meter of area. Watering is carried out after the top layer of soil has dried. The procedure is performed in the morning or evening.

Note! You only need to water the eggplants at the roots. Overhead irrigation can negatively affect crop fruiting.

1-2 days after watering, loosen the soil. Weeds around the plants are removed.Eggplants begin to be fed 10 days after planting, then during the flowering and fruiting period. Use complex mineral fertilizer.

In order for eggplants to ripen in the climate of Siberia, it is necessary to shape the bushes. Unnecessary stepsons and part of the ovaries are removed. As a result of the procedure, the plants direct all their efforts to the development of the 7-8 fruits left on them.

In the greenhouse

The air temperature in the greenhouse is maintained at 25-30 °C. The room is ventilated during the day. Otherwise, fruit may not set. Rainfall does not penetrate into closed soil. Therefore, they irrigate the ground around eggplants in a greenhouse more often than in an open area.

Tall varieties of crops are tied to a support. The tops of bushes that have reached 30 cm in height are pinched. After this, shoots will actively begin to grow. The optimal quantity is 5 stems per plant. The rest are deleted.

Protecting plants from diseases and pests

Eggplants under unfavorable conditions can be susceptible to diseases and pests. The main ones:

1. Blackleg. Occurs when there is excessive humidity. There is no treatment. The bushes are removed from the garden bed and the ground is disinfected.
2. Late blight. With this disease, the leaf plates become covered with spots, the fruits are deformed. Fitosporin is used for prevention and treatment.
3. Powdery mildew. The fungus attacks trunks, leaves, and fruits. The disease can be detected by a white coating on all above-ground parts of the crop. Fungicides are used to combat the fungus.
4. Colorado beetle. The pest eats tender leaves, weakening the plants. It is collected manually or the plants are treated with insecticides.
5. Aphid. The insect sucks cell sap from the leaf blades. Large colonies of aphids can destroy eggplants. Fitoverm, an infusion of ash, is used against the pest.

Important! Treatment with chemicals is stopped a month before harvesting the fruits.

Harvest and storage

In Siberia, eggplant harvest begins in August. Their flesh becomes elastic by this period. Depending on the variety, the skin of ripe fruits acquires a white, purple, or lilac color. You need to harvest the crop on time, otherwise the pulp will become hard and bitter.

The fruits are cut with sharp pruning shears, with part of the stalk removed. They are wiped with a dry cloth and placed in a cool room. As a rule, eggplants are stored for 2-3 weeks. If you wrap them in paper, lay them out on straw, and cover them with thick material, the shelf life will increase by 1-2 months.