Description and varieties of actinidia variety Arguta, planting and care

Actinidia variety Arguta is rarely grown on the plots of gardeners from the CIS countries. The plant bears delicious fruits rich in vitamins. Actinidia does not require painstaking care and takes root well. The variety is frost-resistant and produces a bountiful harvest. For successful planting of the crop, you should familiarize yourself with all the features.

Description

According to the description, Actinidia Argut is a perennial deciduous vine, which is usually used to decorate the garden. The plant is fruit-bearing and came to the countries of the former USSR from China and Japan. In Russia, it is usually grown in the Far East, Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands, sometimes in the Moscow region. The life span of the culture is about 75-90 years.

The stem grows up to 30 meters in length. It is thin, 20 cm in diameter. As it matures, its base becomes lignified and acquires a brownish-gray color instead of an olive color. The stem curls; when growing, it should be provided with an arch or other support.

Actinidia foliage looks elegant throughout its life. Before pollen begins, it is colored bright green, after which it lightens to a light green color. In autumn, the plant changes tone from rich lemon to crimson, crimson. The leaf blade has the shape of an ellipse, the ends are sharply pointed.

The leaf length is 8-12 cm, width – 3-5 cm, the edges are cut with small teeth. They bloom in March and fall in mid-October. Actinidia belongs to the group of dioecious plants. You can get a regular harvest only by planting both male and female shrubs on the site in a ratio of 1:5. The first act as pollinators, while the others produce fruit. In the absence of a pollinator, the berries become smaller and the yield decreases.

Flowering and fruiting of actinidia

The liana blooms after June 15. The flowers give off a stunning, sweet aroma. Inflorescences 2 cm in diameter, white in color. It bears fruit in the 5th year of life in the second half of September.

Variety varieties

Actinidia Arguta has more than 10 varieties.They differ in fruits, appearance, and gender. Growing varieties is easy; even a novice gardener can cope with this task.

Balsamnaya

A late-ripening Russian variety, the fruits ripen by the end of September. They resemble a parallelepiped in shape, with rounded apices. Fruits have a tart smell, like pine needles, tender pulp and smooth, green skin.

Lunar

This is a new product, developed specifically for the central part of the Russian Federation. The berries grow olive-colored, sweetish, and refreshing. They are slightly flattened at the sides.

September

An incredibly frost-resistant vine variety that can withstand temperatures down to -40. The fruits are tasty, tender, sweet, with emerald skin. The plant grows up to 7 meters, growing about 1.5-2 meters per season. Periodic pruning is required. The life period is about 30 years.

Primorskaya

The variety is famous for its large berries with the smell of apples and a sweet and sour taste. The fruits are covered with a shiny, green-yellow skin with small tubercles. The variety is not afraid of diseases or harmful insects, but requires the presence of male plants. There will be a lot of harvest if you place a beehive nearby.

Geneva

The variety is distinguished by pinkish-purple fruits, the most delicious of all varieties. They taste like honey and are widely used to create wine. The variety loves well-lit areas and does not tolerate drafts. The liana bears fruit constantly.

Green balm

The taste of the fruit of this variety is balsamic, sweet and sour. One bush ripens about 3 kilograms of berries. The variety loves sunny places and partial shade, but is winter-hardy and survives frosts. Pest and disease attacks are rare.

Weiki

Fruits of sweet taste with sourness, salad color.Reddish spots form in places where sunlight penetrates. The variety is great for decorating a plot. From one bush you can collect up to 10 kg of berries. The shrub grows strongly and requires careful pruning and plucking of branches.

Issei (or Issai)

The variety is self-fertile, but it is better to plant male and female vines side by side. The first harvest ripens after 2 years of the bush’s life. The species loves sunny places without strong wind. Actinidia Issei must be regularly plucked and pruned; the bush is prone to overgrowth.

Golden braid

The variety is a powerful vine, 30 meters long. It has dark, large leaves. The variety survives frosts down to -40 degrees. The berries are greenish-yellow, shaped like an ellipse, and have a sweet taste. The subspecies blooms in late June.

Jumbo

The variety produces large fruits and ripens by the end of October. The weight of one berry is about 20 grams. The first harvest is harvested 5 years after planting. The variety is famous for its short pollen period, about a week. The harvest is well transported and easy to grow.

Kokuwa

The fruits of the Kokuva variety are similar to small kiwis; they are eaten with a juicy peel, are shelf-stable, have a sweet taste with lemon sourness. The variety is self-fertile, but it is better to plant male and female vines side by side. Frost resistance is weak, the plant can withstand cold temperatures down to -22 degrees.

Relay race

Actinidia Etafeta is famous for its sweet and sour fruits, weighing up to 17 grams. The plant emits an apple-pineapple smell. This is one of the largest varieties.

Taiga emerald

The variety is distinguished by three valuable characteristics - high resistance to cold, high ascorbic acid content of more than 100 mg/% and large fruit weight. It amounts to 8.9 and 18.1 grams.

Pineapple

Pineapple actinidia is a variety of domestic selection; it has oval fruits that ripen in October with a sweet and sour taste. The variety got its name due to the fruity smell that spreads all around when the thin skin is cut. The variety is frost-resistant, does not require special care, but requires constant pruning. In hot weather, the plant must be constantly watered.

Viti Kiwi

The subspecies of actinidia Viti Kiwi produces a lot of fruits and is resistant to cold. It is often grown for industrial purposes. The fruits are juicy and look like small, elongated green apples. When cut, they can be mistaken for kiwi, only without seeds. The variety does not tolerate windy places, where there is little light, or acidification of the soil. The soil must be drained. The plant should be planted on a hill to avoid accumulation of groundwater. There are no seeds in the berries.

Giraldi

Liana of the Giraldi variety freezes at a temperature of -30; this is the most heat-loving crop. Externally, the appearance is similar to Argut actinidia, differing only in the thickness of the leaves and pubescence. The yield is good, up to 5 kg of fruit from one bush.

Kens Red

Actinidia Kens Red produces sweet and sour fruits and is famous for its decorative foliage. The fruits look like miniature kiwis with a slight blush. The plant is powerful, tall, reaches 7 meters in height, lives up to 90 years. 5 years after planting, it produces a harvest of large berries.

The variety tolerates low temperatures and adverse weather conditions well.

Purple garden

The Purple Sadovaya variety of actinidia differs from its counterparts in the color of its fruit. They are purple in color and are eaten with the skin on. It is thin and slightly sour. The pulp is purple-red. The fruits grow large, up to 4 cm long.The first harvest will ripen 3 years after planting. The variety is propagated by layering, seeds, and cuttings.

Bayern

The variety is an achievement of German selection. The liana produces a bountiful harvest, bearing fruit in late September from the 3rd year of life. One bush produces up to 10 kg of fruit. They are green, slightly blushed, oval-shaped, 3*2.5 cm. The variety tolerates frosts down to -30 degrees and requires individual supports when grown.

Each of the subspecies has its own nuances in choosing a place, forming a bush, and propagating.

Features of cultivation

Actinidia grows well in loose, loamy, fertile soils. They should be well-drained with a large amount of humus, slightly acidic and neutral earth solution. The plant does not tolerate stagnation of water in the soil and reacts poorly to dry oxygen and lack of moisture. Actinidia Argut is grown in the same way as other vines. There are no special nuances in planting and care.

Preparation of planting material

Experienced gardeners recommend buying seedlings with a grafted root system. It is better to buy material from a nursery or market from trusted sellers. Do not leave them with bare roots in the heat or wind. You should purchase planting material that is 3 years old or older. These should be male and female seedlings, in a ratio of 1-2:5. The sex of the vine is determined by the structure of the flowers in the first pollen. The male plant has buds with a mass of stamens, but no pistil. Female actinidia have many pistils.

Timing and site preparation

Planting work should be carried out in March or October. Liana loves a lot of sunny color, this contributes to a large harvest and a long life.Actinidia should be planted in a sunny place, which is in partial shade after lunch. The site should be located on a slope or hill, where the liquid does not stagnate in the rhizome, but flows down.

Dig holes 2 weeks before planting. Their size should be 60*70 cm. Maintain a distance of 2 meters between seedlings.

Planting process

The actinidia planting technology consists of the following steps:

• pour a drainage layer of 15-20 cm at the bottom of the prepared hole using gravel, expanded clay or pebbles;
• check the soil for acidity, if necessary, fertilize with wood ash, superphosphate and potassium;
• Place a mound at the bottom of the hole and place a seedling on it, having first straightened the root system;
• fill the hole, the root collar should remain at ground level;
• Water and mulch abundantly, as young bushes are afraid of the sun.

Spruce branches and dry leaves are used as mulching material. The root system is the “weak point” of actinidia. It can be opened during transplantation only at the time of installation in the hole.

Care instructions

Actinidia is easy to care for. It is necessary to water it in a timely manner, fertilize it, loosen the soil, and trim it. The last aspect is the most important. Actinidia Arguta is prone to growth. If the care is competent and comprehensive, the plant will reward you with a bountiful harvest.

Watering

Actinidia should be irrigated abundantly during dry periods, 2-3 times a week. Pre-settle the water. When the weather is rainy, watering is reduced to once a week.

Trimming

Trimming actinidia leads to stimulation of stem growth and awakening of the buds. The procedure is carried out with plants for 3-4 years. Prune it during the summer, cutting out damaged, dry branches.By winter, pluck the tips of the shoots, this will slow down their growth. Anti-aging pruning involves removing old branches from 10-year-old plants.

You cannot shorten the vine in March and September, as it has strong sap flow.

Trellis

Actinidia needs constant support. This could be a wall, a building, or a special trellis. The design helps shape the plant in the form of an arch. When growing vines on a building, the fruits will have to be collected on the roof.

Top dressing

Actinidia should be fertilized with mineral fertilizers. This will increase its growth and increase the amount of harvest. In March, add 20 g of potassium and phosphorus, 35 g of nitrogen per 1 square meter of land. Afterwards, water the plant generously. Repeat the procedure upon completion of fruiting and before winter.

Pest and disease control

Actinidia is resistant to diseases and harmful insects, but it is better to carry out prevention in the form of regular care. Leaves are protected from fungal infections by pruning dry branches and fruits. To avoid attacks by harmful insects, treat the vine every spring with Bordeaux mixture, a solution of 0.5% soda ash.

Reproduction of actinidia

The plant is propagated by seeds, root shoots, and layering. The most reliable method is propagation by cuttings.

Role in landscape design

Liana is widely used to decorate gates, arches, and the building itself. The plant harmonizes perfectly with any flowers and crops. The noble green shade will please the eye and create a cozy atmosphere.