Characteristics and description of the Bryansk Beauty pear variety, planting and care

Among all varieties of pears, Bryansk beauty occupies a special place. It belongs to the elite, and not only because of its taste. Other advantages include the beautiful bright scarlet color of the fruit, making the pear suitable for garden decoration, as well as frost resistance and a bountiful harvest. The tree is unpretentious and suitable for growing even in the Urals. Therefore, it will be of interest to many gardeners.

History of the Bryansk Beauty pear variety

This variety got its name due to the place where it was bred, that is, the Bryansk region. It was there, in the Kokinsky stronghold of VSTISP, that A. Vysotsky and N. Rozhnov carried out work on crossing two varieties:

• New Year's;
• Williams red (gave the fruit a scarlet tint).

Initially, the variety was intended for black earth regions, but due to its frost resistance and other qualities it became popular in other places. Now it can be found in Central Russia and even in the Urals. Although the Bryansk beauty has existed for many years, it was added to the State Register only in 2010, after numerous checks.

Description and characteristics of the variety

Typically, this variety is distinguished by trees of medium height. They look good in the garden because the young leaves have a beautiful bright burgundy color before the apical bud forms. Later they turn green. However, the central shoots and trunk remain brown, with a reddish tint. Young branches are first burgundy.

The fruits have the following characteristics:

• large size;
• regular pear-shaped, slightly elongated;
• the skin is dense, smooth;
• ripe pears have a yellowish color with a dark red spot;
• the pulp is creamy, with a slight aroma;
• the taste is sweet, delicate, slightly sour.

The Bryansk beauty blooms late - in mid-May. Thanks to this, it is not affected by spring frosts. At the same time, this is an early autumn variety - it produces fruits in mid-September.

Main advantages and disadvantages

Like other elite varieties, Bryansk Beauty has a number of advantages:

• produces a harvest within 3 years after planting, after 6 – fruiting reaches its maximum;
• winter-hardy;
• resistant to scab, aphids and fungal diseases;
• pleasant taste of pears;
• high decorative qualities;
• there is no need to plant pollinating plants nearby.

There are actually only two disadvantages to this variety:

1. When self-pollinating, harvests may be irregular.
2. It does not tolerate drought well, which causes the fruits to lose their taste.

In general, the disadvantages of the variety do not play a big role, so the Bryansk beauty is suitable for different gardens. She is unpretentious, but at the same time fully pays for all the care.

Specifics of growing crops

Despite the high resistance of the variety to many factors, there are several features that are important to consider when planting. Also, not every seedling is suitable.

Place and time of landing

The best time to plant pears is early spring, before the buds open. Even if you bought seedlings in the fall, you can only dig them in, but it’s better to wait until they are transferred to a permanent place. The location for the Bryansk beauty is chosen taking into account the following requirements:

1. Lots of light, since southern culture needs it to accumulate sugars.
2. The aquifer is no closer than 2.5 meters, otherwise the roots will rot.
3. The soil is fertile, light, breathable, slightly acidic or neutral.

Although the variety is undemanding to pollinators, the presence of suitable trees will allow you to obtain constant and rich harvests. The main thing is that they grow up at the same time as the Bryansk beauty. Ideal options are Moskvichka and Lada Amurskaya.

Selection of seedlings

When choosing planting material, pay attention to the appearance of the seedling and some other features:

• age – no more than two years;
• well-developed, healthy root system 30 centimeters or more in length;
• plant height – up to 70 centimeters;
• no signs of disease or damage.

Such a seedling will take root well in a new place and will soon produce its first harvest.

Correct fit

Before planting, it is important to prepare the seedling and the place for it. To do this, keep the pear roots in Kornevin solution for about 40 minutes. Then they dig a hole measuring 75x100 centimeters, and from the removed layer they make a mixture, adding organic matter and 120 grams of superphosphate and potassium.

The landing itself proceeds as follows:

1. Bury a stake at a distance of 15 centimeters from the center of the hole.
2. Pour some of the soil mixture into a mound.
3. Place the seedling in the hole, distributing the roots along the bottom of the hole. If there is a lump of earth, save it.
4. Place the rest of the soil on top.
5. Tie the seedling to a stake, then compact the soil and water.

If you plant Bryansk beauty in the spring, then it must be shortened, then the plant will produce more side shoots.

Features of wood care

To get a rich harvest and maintain the health of the pear, you need to remember some rules for caring for it.

Watering and loosening

Lack of moisture greatly harms the variety. Because of this, young shoots grow poorly, ovaries do not form, the harvest is not as abundant, and the fruits lose their taste. Drought especially affects young trees. Mature pears require more water during flowering, but at other times the soil should not be allowed to dry out. After watering, the soil around is loosened and mulched with straw or humus.

Fertilizers

If you properly prepare the soil for planting, then fertilizing is not necessary in the first three years. On the fourth day, before the buds open, add urea or saltpeter in the spring, and organic fertilizers, phosphorus and potassium in the fall. The most fertilizing is required during the period when the pear produces most of the harvest:

• Before flowering, fertilize under the crown with urea;
• after the tree has flowered, use Kafor K;
• after part of the ovaries fall off - ash or phosphorus;
• when the fruits ripen, spray the tree with magnesium sulfate;
• After the leaves fall in winter, use complex fertilizer or organic matter.

If the soil is acidic, it also needs to be fertilized with dolomite flour every five years.

Trimming

The first pruning is carried out immediately after planting, and the seedling is shortened to 65 centimeters. Then, every April, it is necessary to remove all damaged, diseased and dried branches, as well as those that thicken the crown.

Whitewash

Whitewashing helps rid the tree of fungal spores and pests. Another purpose is protection against sunburn. It is necessary to whitewash both in spring and autumn, and before the growing season, the tree is first cleared of moss and old bark.

Preparing for winter

The minimum temperature at which a tree can survive is -28 degrees. But still it is worth mulching with peat, pine needles or straw. Before this, abundant watering is required. Cover young trees with canvas fabric or agrofibre.

Diseases, pests, prevention

Despite the Bryansk beauty’s resistance to many pests, it also needs prevention.

Scab

Appears in cold climates with high humidity. For prevention, treat pears with copper sulfate before flowering. After fruit set, another treatment is needed with a product such as Gamair.

Powdery mildew

This disease can be recognized by a white coating that turns brown and then turns into black spots. Against powdery mildew, use Topaz or Spor.After harvesting, the tree must be treated with a one percent solution of Bordeaux mixture, and all foliage must be burned.

leaf roller

Leafworm caterpillars also settle in the kidneys. Therefore, you need to pre-treat all pears with Karbofos in a ratio of 30 grams per 10 liters of water. They also use tincture of tobacco, tobacco dust or shag.

Pear moth

Codling moth caterpillars, after hatching from clutches, gnaw tunnels in fruits and feed on seeds. A decoction of wormwood helps against them:

1. 0.8 kilograms of dry grass should be infused for several hours in 10 liters of water.
2. Boil the infusion for half an hour.
3. Filter and add the same amount of water.

Trees are treated with this solution several times before flowering.

Harvesting and storing the Bryansk beauty pear harvest

The fruits of the Bryansk beauty are harvested in the first two weeks of September. Ripe pears are yellow in color, with a red spot occupying most of the skin. After collection, they are stored for two weeks, in a cold room for two months, especially if you place them there immediately.

For better storage, pears are placed in two layers in cardboard boxes with film or sheets of paper at the bottom. They are also covered with film on top.

The Bryansk Beauty variety is a good option for the garden. Although this is a southern variety, it is suitable for many regions due to its frost resistance. In addition, pears can be used not only fresh - they are suitable for many dishes.