Description and characteristics of the Chizhovskaya pear variety, planting and care

Summer residents often grow pear trees on their property. Before planting any variety, gardeners study all available information about it. Chizhovskie pears captivate with their resistance to weather changes, high productivity and other positive qualities.

Description and characteristics of the Chizhovskaya pear variety

For a general acquaintance with the characteristics of the variety, a summer resident needs to know what characteristic features the tree has.

The species was obtained by crossing 2 varieties:

• Forest beauty;
• Olga.

An adult plant does not exceed 2.5 m in height. This makes it easier for gardeners to care for and harvest crops. Before the start of fruiting, the crown of the Chizhovskaya pear is narrow, after which it becomes cone-shaped. The fruit is yellow-green in color, pear-shaped. The skin is thin and smooth. The taste was rated 4.2 points, it is sweet, there is a small percentage of acid. The aroma is persistent. Fruits that remain on the tree for a long time do not overripe. The characteristics of the variety help the summer resident decide whether to grow the species or not.

Advantages and disadvantages

An important part in the characteristics of the variety. The presence of a large number of positive properties makes the pear popular. Negative traits lead to the fact that no one acquires the plant or tries to grow it.

Pros:

• the first fruits appear in the third year;
• fruiting is stable and abundant;
• frost resistant;
• the taste is excellent;
• excellent appearance;
• has immunity to scab;
• pears hang until the moment of picking, even if the summer resident does not have time to collect them on time;
• fruits retain their appearance and taste characteristics during long-term transportation.

Minuses:

• drought intolerance;
• The older the pear, the smaller the fruit.

Fruit crushing is eliminated by rejuvenating pruning and fertilization. But it will not be possible to completely correct the situation.

How to plant a pear tree correctly

For growing to be effective, they start with proper planting.To do this, you need to follow simple techniques that are standard for all varieties of crops.

Planting site and soil

When planting, it is important to choose a site where the tree will feel comfortable. Choose a place on the sunny side. Groundwater should lie at a depth of 2 m; if possible, the area should be closed from drafts and strong winds. The soil needs to be fertile. Loam or black soil is suitable. If there is an insufficient amount of nutrients in the soil, humus and mineral fertilizers are added before digging.

Boarding time

The planting date is determined by the summer resident. It is necessary to take into account the climatic characteristics of the growing region. It is recommended to plant seedlings in spring. Summer residents do this in the fall. It is important to correctly calculate the planting date.

In the spring, you need to plant the tree before the sap begins to flow. In autumn, about a month before the first frost. The growth and development of the future tree depends on the correct choice of planting time.

Selection and preparation of seedlings

It is recommended to purchase seedlings 1-2 years old. They take root better and suffer less pain during transplantation. The root system should not be deformed or damaged. The same applies to the stem of the planting material.

Before planting a tree, summer residents put it in a root growth stimulator for several hours: “Kornevin”, “Epin” and other means.

Step by step landing

Following the sequence will help grow a healthy plant that will produce the stated yield:

1. The planting pit is prepared in advance. Dimensions 50 * 100 cm. The bottom is covered with a layer of fertile soil with humus and mineral fertilizers. Then ordinary soil is poured in.
2. A mound is formed in the planting hole on which the seedling is placed. Straighten the roots and carefully sprinkle with soil.

The grafting site or root collar is located 4-6 cm above ground level.

3. At the end of the planting, water.
4. Mulch the ground around the trunk using any available means.

Planting scheme

The tree does not take up much space, so when planting, maintain a distance of 4-4.5 m from each other. That is, the diameter of the tree trunk circle is 4 m.

Pollinators

The Chizhovskaya variety needs to be planted in close proximity to species that bloom at the same time. The best were recognized:

• Severyanka;
• Rogneda;
• Lada and others.

Fulfilling this point when growing fruit crops increases the yield of the tree.

Tree care rules

The Chizhevsky variety has no cultivation peculiarities. To obtain a harvest, it is recommended to follow standard agricultural techniques.

How to water

Before the tree takes root, it must be watered. There is no need to fill it, but it shouldn’t dry out either. While the plant is small, water frequently, the maximum interval between watering is 20 days. As it matures, water as needed. During dry summers, this is done often; during rainy periods, irrigation is reduced.

Fertilizer application

There is no need to feed the pear tree for the first few years. From the 3rd year they begin to slowly apply fertilizers. The culture responds to organic matter and mineral supplements.

Periods when a tree needs fertilizer:

• in early spring;
• during flowering;
• during the period of ovary formation;
• during fruiting;
• after harvest;
• while preparing the tree for winter.

It is necessary to alternate organic and mineral fertilizers. Then the plant will receive full nutrition.

How to trim

Tree pruning is a crucial moment in plant care. If the procedure is carried out correctly, the crop regularly bears fruit, practically does not get sick and rejuvenates.

There are several types of pruning, each of which is necessary for the tree:

• sanitary, remove sick, dry and damaged branches;
• regulating, remove shoots that interfere with the formation of the crown, growing unevenly or inside the tree;
• forming, remove unnecessary branches, leaving only skeletal ones that form the crown; cut off part of the length to stimulate the appearance of side shoots.

It is necessary to prune the Chizhovskaya pear; it is important to do everything correctly.

Whitewash

Trees are whitewashed to protect against pests and viruses. Use quicklime with the addition of vitriol and clay.

Weeding the trunk circle

It is necessary to constantly remove weeds; grass draws most of the nutrients from the soil. Weeding helps get rid of unnecessary vegetation. Gardeners fight weeds by loosening and mulching the tree trunk circle.

Wintering

With relative resistance to low temperatures, the Chizhovskaya pear is grown in some regions without special preparation for winter. In colder areas, tree trunks are wrapped.

Summer residents recommend covering the roots of the tree with dry plant residues, then covering them with earth.

Disease and pest control

The pear is exposed to various kinds of diseases. If timely measures are not taken, the summer resident will lose the tree. Gardeners carry out preventive treatments in spring and autumn. Use special products purchased in the store.

It is better to follow the technology of planting and care, performing agrotechnical techniques, than to treat a diseased plant.

Possible pear diseases

There are certain diseases that are specific to a culture. Each of them requires special drugs to combat.

Moniliosis

When affected by this disease, the tree changes in appearance. Brown leaves appear, which then dry up, the same thing happens with flowers. If the plant is affected by a disease during fruiting, brown spots on the fruit will indicate its presence. Favorable conditions for the development of the disease are high humidity.

Scab

Pear Chizhovskaya has high immunity to this disease. Therefore, the tree does not need treatment for the disease. Signs of the disease - the inside of the leaf becomes covered with a white coating, which gradually acquires a brown tint. Then the fungus spreads to the ovary or fruit, depending on the period during which the disease developed.

Sooty fungus

A soot-like coating appears on the plants. That's why the disease got its name. The appearance of the fungus is observed during flowering and fruiting.

Possible pests of pear

The pear is attacked by various insects. If measures are not taken to eliminate them, the summer resident will lose part or all of the harvest. And then the tree itself.

Aphid

The presence of one insect is impossible to notice, and there is little harm from it. Much worse are colonies of pests that quickly multiply and destroy the plant. The main sign of aphids on a tree is a sticky substance on the leaves and curling tops of the branches.

It is necessary to take measures immediately, because their progression leads to loss of the harvest and the tree itself.

Pear moth

The butterfly leaves its eggs directly on the fruit. After 15 days, the caterpillar gnaws its way to the pear seeds, lives and develops there, feeding on the seeds and leaving its excrement.

Pear flower beetle

The beetle larvae overwinter in the kidneys. In the spring they begin to eat, preventing them from blooming.To destroy the pest, it is necessary to tear off buds that have an external defect.

Harvest and storage

In the second half of August, the fruits are ready to eat. If the pear has been properly cared for, it will bear 50 kg of fruit. Fruits are collected carefully, especially if they are intended for long-term storage. The temperature in the storage room should be 0 ⁰C. Humidity no more than 70%. The pears are placed in wooden containers and sprinkled with sawdust or covered with newspapers.

Chizhovskaya pear is the best option for growing in the garden. Summer residents cultivate it due to the positive qualities that the tree is not deprived of.