Description and characteristics of Lada pears, ripening time, care and cultivation

The Lada pear variety is a representative of early ripening varieties and pleases owners with a harvest of delicious fruits already in August. The tree is characterized by increased resistance to common diseases, excellent productivity and unpretentiousness. It is precisely these pets that domestic summer residents dream of in their garden. Lada's fruits are universally used, so there are no problems with their processing and harvesting.

Description and history of the appearance of the Lada pear variety

The Lada pear was bred at the Moscow Academy of Agriculture. Its employees worked for a long time to develop a new variety, which was obtained after crossing the popular species Forest Beauty and Olga. According to its characteristics, the tree exceeded all the expectations of its creators.

In 1993, Lada was included in the State Register. Pear is excellent for growing in Moscow and the Moscow region, as well as in the Central, Chernozem and Volga regions. Considered an early summer variety, the harvest ripens in the shortest possible time. The fruits do not fall off and retain their quality for a long time directly on the tree. By September they acquire a beautiful golden color and a light blush. Pears are juicy, very tasty, with a rich composition of vitamins and microelements necessary for the human body.

Full characteristics of the tree

The height of an adult standard tree reaches 2.5 meters. The crown is not prone to thickening; it initially has the shape of a funnel, and after the start of active fruiting it transforms into a pyramidal one. The skeletal branches are lighter in color than the main part of the trunk. The shoots are thin and there are few lentils.

The leaves of Lada are elongated, pointed, with a matte surface. The leaf is elastic, dark green in color. Peduncles are collected in inflorescences containing from 5 to 7 buds. The flowers are large, with a light corolla and whole petals.

The maximum weight of a Lada fruit is 120 grams. Its shape is proportional, typical of many pears. The skin is thin and smooth; at the stage of technical ripeness, the fruit acquires a light yellow color with a barely noticeable reddish blush.At the base of the stalk you can notice a slight rustiness, but the subcutaneous points are not noticeable. The stalk itself is short, there is no funnel, the fruit contains from 5 to 7 brown seeds.

The pulp is not dense, has a light yellow color when ripe, and the juice content is average. The aroma is weak. The taste of pears is sweet, with barely noticeable sourness. The taste is excellent; tasters rated them 4.7 points. The fruits ripen early, which gives significant advantages over competitors.

Lada pear is a self-fertile variety, but if there are nearby pollinators, the yield increases.

You can enjoy the first harvest 2 years after planting the seedling. The yield of an adult tree is about 50 kilograms of fruit annually.A distinctive feature of Lada is its high winter hardiness. The tree does not require mandatory shelter in the cold season, even when grown in harsh climatic conditions.

Advantages and disadvantages of the variety

The Lada pear variety has gained popularity and love among gardeners due to the presence of a large number of advantages, which include:

• precociousness;
• early harvest ripening;
• increased frost resistance;
• resistance to major diseases and pests;
• average height of a mature tree;
• does not require regular crown molding;
• unpretentiousness;
• universal fruits;
• excellent taste.

Experienced summer residents highlight minor shortcomings that are inherent in the Lada pear. The fruits are not suitable for long-term storage (maximum period is 2 months at 0 °C). The harvested crop does not tolerate transportation over long distances, so the variety is not suitable for commercial cultivation.

Reproduction

Lada pear can reproduce in one of the following ways:

• graft;
• layering;
• cuttings

Some sources also mention propagation by seeds, but this method is considered unjustified by summer residents. Its implementation requires a lot of effort and time, and the result may leave much to be desired. The fact is that Lada is the result of crossing two other varieties, therefore, after germination of the seed, all the properties of the mother plant may not be transferred to the seedling.

Landing Features

The Lada pear variety has planting features that must be taken into account to obtain the maximum high-quality harvest. Also, proper planting allows you to minimize all costs for further tree care.

Selection of seedlings

To plant on the site, you should purchase Lada pear seedlings no more than two years old. Older plants take root much worse, get sick and do not adapt well to new conditions. When purchasing, you need to pay attention to ensure that the roots are healthy, not overdried, without visible mechanical damage and well developed. Preference is given to trees with a closed root system.

Choosing a landing site

The Lada pear does not make any special demands on the soil, which makes it possible to cultivate it everywhere. However, the best results are obtained if the tree is planted on forest, loamy soil or black soil. The distance to neighboring trees should be at least 2.5-3 meters. It is preferable to plant seedlings in a well-lit area.

Site preparation

Before planting a young tree, you need to dig a hole measuring 70 x 100 cm. After this, organic fertilizers are added there and the soil is loosened well.The pear should be freely located in the prepared hole, so its dimensions are adjusted depending on the size of the root system.

How to plant a tree?

To form a beautiful and even crown, when planting a seedling, you need to drive a wooden peg into the hole, which should rise at least 50 cm above the ground. The root neck of the pear itself rises 5 cm above the ground. During planting, the roots must be carefully spread along the bottom of the hole and sprinkled with soil. Having filled the hole halfway, the seedling is watered, after which the soil is filled to the end and compacted a little. The trunk of the pear is tied to a hammered peg.

Pollinators

The presence of pollinating varieties nearby increases not only the quantity, but also the quality of the Lada pear harvest. The following are considered the best for these purposes:

• Rogneda;
• Chizhovskaya;
• Space;
• Severyanka;
• Otradnenskaya.

Plant care rules

With proper care, the Lada pear will not only delight you with tasty and beautiful fruits, but will also be less exposed to the negative effects of pests and pathogens of various diseases.

Fertilizer application

As soon as the snow melts and the weather becomes sunny outside, Lada pears are fed with nitrogen fertilizers. In October, the tree needs to be given a comprehensive mineral supplement. During the flowering and fruiting period, the plant can be fertilized with potassium and phosphorus preparations. Organic fertilizers will also be appropriate.

How to water?

Pear Lada does not need frequent and abundant watering. Moreover, excess moisture can provoke the development of various fungal diseases, as well as cause irreparable damage to the root system.Irrigation is only necessary when dry weather persists for a long time. Apply 2-3 buckets of water under one tree.

Loosening

After each watering, it is necessary to carefully loosen the soil around the pear. This will ensure a flow of oxygen to the root system, as a result of which the tree will develop better. This measure is also preventive and helps fight pathogens and pests. It should also be carried out after heavy rains.

Whitewash

Whitewashing the trunk with lime mortar makes the appearance of the pear aesthetic and elegant, and also prevents the appearance of pests. The main whitewashing is carried out in the fall, after the leaves have fallen. In the spring, as soon as warm and sunny weather sets in, the event is repeated to renew the layer of lime washed off during the winter.

How to prune correctly?

Lada pear pruning is carried out in autumn and spring. After wintering, remove broken, frozen and dead branches. Excess shoots are also removed, and branches that are too long are shortened using garden pruners or loppers. At the same time, they try to cause as little mechanical damage to the pear as possible. It is advisable to treat the cut areas with garden varnish or putty specially designed for this purpose.

Wintering pears

The Lada pear variety is able to winter without special shelter, even when grown in harsh climates. However, during heavy precipitation and thaws, it is necessary to constantly knock off the sticking snow cover from the tree. Otherwise, thin and fragile branches can easily break under the weight of snow.

Protection from diseases and pests

Lada exhibits increased resistance to scab, however, preventive treatments against other diseases will not be superfluous.They are carried out from the time the tree begins to flow sap. 0.7 kg of urea is diluted in 10 liters of water. The resulting composition is sprayed on the trunk and surrounding soil around the pear. This will help destroy all overwintered pests. Later, this remedy can no longer be used, since the kidneys will get burned. Subsequently, it will be necessary to carry out 3 more treatments to prevent fungal diseases with drugs specially designed for this purpose. A Bordeaux mixture will also work.

Every season, fallen leaves and weeds are removed so as not to provoke the development of pathogenic microflora. The trunk and branches are constantly inspected for signs of pests or diseases.

Harvest and storage

The harvest period for Lada pears is August-September. Depending on the growing region, these times may vary. To carry out the work, choose a dry and sunny day.

The fruits retain their marketability and taste for a couple of months. They should be stored in a darkened room with an air temperature of 0 - 4 ° C and a relative humidity of 85%. Good ventilation is ensured. Pears are placed in wooden boxes in layers, between which a layer of paper or dry straw is placed. Each box contains no more than a couple of layers. If the collected fruits are sprinkled with sand after placing them in wooden boxes, they can be preserved until November.