Tomato varieties for the Urals in a greenhouse are characterized by low susceptibility to temperature fluctuations and most diseases, against which plants bred for open ground in warm latitudes are defenseless.
The most productive varieties are bred by sectioning, and as a result, hybrid species are obtained that meet the best taste qualities and small requirements regarding external conditions.
Features of growing tomatoes in the Urals
The growing season for fruits of the nightshade family does not fit into the modest framework of the short Ural summer, so it is recommended to plant seedlings in greenhouses. Great importance is given to the choice of tomato varieties for greenhouses, which give a yield no less than related plant species grown under more gentle conditions.
Having selected a suitable variety based on the characterizing description, you need to purchase seeds from a trusted seller and begin their primary processing, which will necessarily include hardening of each seed - this procedure is all the more necessary, the more difficult the temperature conditions of the area of planned planting.
The best varieties of tomatoes for the Urals are given below, but even from the most unpretentious plant you will not be able to get a full harvest of fruits if you make a mistake in choosing a variety or skip an important stage in preparing tomatoes for planting. But which varieties are better?
How to select and prepare seeds for planting
When choosing tomato seeds for the Urals, it is important to correctly read the information on the packaging, because the container itself is tightly closed and there is no other way to verify the quality of the seeds and their characteristics. Moreover, the reading should rather be between the lines, since when indicating the characteristics of the species, the manufacturer tries to smooth out the negative aspects as much as possible, covering them with insignificant or dubious advantages. Thus, the inscription “disease resistance” is essentially empty information, because it does not convey information about what diseases the plant is immune to.
“Good taste” indicates an unsuccessful hybrid with a large number of taste defects - so to speak, a product with a “C” grade.“Easily transported” together with “not susceptible to cracking” is most likely a hard fruit, similar in density to an apple and with stringy, dry contents. The same applies to the high indicated shelf life of ripened fruits.
Even the most productive tomato varieties, which produce huge yields in southern latitudes, will disappoint the gardener of the Middle or Northern Urals. It is best to use selection specimens that have been tested in the area where they are planned to be grown.
Among such unpretentious and well-adapted tomato varieties for the Urals in the greenhouse are: “Yantarny”, “Zvezdochka”, “Ladoga”, “Nevsky”.
Seed preparation
If the gardener already has experience growing tomatoes and was pleased with the results from the previous harvest, it is best to use seeds collected by hand rather than purchased. To do this, ripe fruits are carefully selected from the strongest and healthiest bushes, and you need to take those that grew on the lowest clusters. Then the selected fruits can be removed to any place so that they can lie quietly until the tomato pulp liquefies.
Before sowing, in the spring, the seeds must be sorted, separating empty and low-quality grains. This is easy to do - dilute a 5% saline solution in a deep bowl, pour all the dried seeds into it and stir until they are well soaked. Those seeds that sink to the bottom of the bowl can be planted. The rest is collected from the surface of the water and thrown away.
The next stage is to inoculate the future plant with resistance to certain diseases, such as streaking. Such prevention is mandatory, since a tomato for the Urals in a greenhouse is exposed to many dangers that would be easier to combat in open ground.
Dressing is carried out as follows: 1 g of crystalline manganese is dissolved in half a glass of warm water and the seeds are introduced there for ten minutes. After the procedure, be sure to wash the seeds with settled water and dry them, spreading them in one layer on a napkin.
Hardening is one of the most important moments that determine the quality and volume of the future harvest. To do this, the grains are soaked in water for two days 18-21 0C, then transfer them to ice water poured into a saucer and place them in the freezer. It is necessary to ensure that the temperature in the chamber does not drop below -3 0C. After such preparation, the seeds for planting tomatoes in the Urals are ready for sowing in boxes.
Best varietal choice
The following species presented in the description were not chosen randomly, but based on the number of positive reviews from practicing gardeners growing tomatoes in the unpredictable conditions of a short summer. The varieties were selected due to their positive relationship to the greenhouse microclimate, immunity to many diseases and productivity.
Pink honey
The species is determinate, mid-early and is used for greenhouses when planting seedlings. Of all the pink types of tomatoes, honey is the first to ripen. Productivity of the species is from 3.2 to 3.7 kg of fruits per 1 m2 under conditions of proper watering and soil nutrition.
The bush is represented by a stem with a small number of dark green leaves, growing in a greenhouse up to 1.5 m in height. The recommended formation of the bush is 1-2 stems. In the first case, all the shoots are removed from the plant, in the second - all but one, formed immediately under the inflorescence. This variety is considered moderately resistant to diseases.
The fruits grow large, from 0.3 to 0.7 kg, in the shape of a heart; When ripe, the color is pink with a raspberry tint. The pulp is sugary, fleshy, suitable only for fresh consumption or for preparing first and second courses. The fruit is not recommended for canning; it does not last long and quickly deteriorates.
Caspar F1
An unpretentious determinant species for indoor soil, Caspar F1, ideal for various types of conservation and suitable for storage in boxes. The reduced susceptibility to diseases and full harvests demonstrated by the variety allow beginning gardeners to turn to its cultivation. From 1 m2 7-9 kg of vegetables are collected.
Greenhouse tomatoes can be harvested already on the 90th day, which occurs approximately in mid-August in the conditions of the Middle Urals. Even as an adult, the hybrid is rarely attacked by insects and this is one of the reasons for its long fruiting.
Tomatoes have a characteristic elongated shape, reminiscent of sweet peppers; When ripe, they acquire a red color with a rich orange tint. The taste reflects a slight sourness. The fruits are small in size, weighing from 0.08 to 0.12 kg, and do not crack. The only negative that is noticeable when using fresh tomatoes is the very dense, “film-like” skin.
Bull's heart
A mid-season, determinant species for greenhouses, producing a harvest 4 months from the moment of the first shoots, while the average yield per bush in a greenhouse is within 10 kg. The bush is a tall and strong, up to 2 meters, stem formation with a small number of leaves. The formation of the 5th or 6th fruit cluster helps to stop the growth of the plant.
The brush produces 3-5 tomatoes, and the size of the fruit depends on the position of the brush on the bush - the higher the stalk is, the smaller the fruit on it. The ovary formed above the 8-9 leaf, that is, located below all, gives the largest tomatoes, up to 0.5 kg. The vegetables are heart-shaped, rich red in color, with thin, easily peeled skin.
“Bull's Heart” does not have very high resistance to disease and if the vegetable gets sick (especially late blight), it quickly affects all nearby plants.
Tornado F1
A hybrid species belonging to the mid-early, determinate varieties with a standard-type stem. The first harvest of fruits takes place 100-105 days after planting the seedlings in the soil. The yield is high, about 7 kg from each bush.
The bush grows up to 2 m, medium spreading, which allows planting at 1 m2 up to 3 plants. The species is not susceptible to the following diseases:
- fusarium;
- cladosporiosis;
- verticillium.
Growing tomatoes Tornado F1 beneficial from the point of view of a trading enterprise. The leading factor that can lead to a negative reaction is a violation of the watering regime during the period of active development.
Eagle Heart
These tomatoes for a polycarbonate greenhouse are indeterminate species with a bush height of about one and a half meters. The bushes form a powerful, densely leafed stem with small, inexpressive flowers collected in an inflorescence. The variety is resistant to diseases, but before planting it is necessary to treat the bud against insects.
With timely feeding of the soil and compliance with the watering schedule, this species produces within 12 kg of fruits per 1 m2. The tomatoes are very large, weighing up to 1 kg, and are attached to the stalk in no more than 3 pieces per cluster.
The shape of the specimens is round, resembling a heart, red in color with a distinct pink tint. The pulp of the vegetables has a light sugar grain, the taste is with a subtle sourness.
The use of these tomatoes in the greenhouse is universal - for making dishes, for cooking tomatoes, as part of winter salads. Due to their large size, salting whole fruits is difficult.
gold fish
The best tomato varieties for the Urals also include this unusual-looking bright orange tomato. It belongs to the mid-late indeterminates, which in the greenhouse reaches a height of two meters and must be tied up to avoid breaking the stem.
Characteristics of the fruit: deep orange color, elongated shape, high density. The weight is small, good, within 100 g.
Reviews of “Goldfish” tomatoes most often note the resistance of this type of nightshade to late blight and cladosporiosis.
Flame
Early varieties of this type ripen approximately on the 85th day from the appearance of the first shoots. The plant is a squat, non-spreading shrub about half a meter high with a density of 1 m2 up to eight seedlings. This plant is not very picky about lighting and tolerates temperature changes relatively well, and thanks to the early simultaneous ripening of the fruits, the fruits are harvested earlier than there is a risk of late blight infection.
When tomatoes ripen, they take on a rich red color, but grow small - about 70 g. They have a pronounced aroma and give a lot of juice.
Alaska
As with the previous species, this one offers a quick harvest of up to one hundred days from sprouting, which gives good results for cool regions with a short period of summer heat.Productivity, subject to agrotechnical standards, can reach 10 kg per 1 m2 with an average density of bushes of six per meter. The height of the bush is small, but due to the increased fragility of the stem, timely staking of plants is necessary.
The sprout is immune to fusarium and cladosporiosis. The appearance of the tomato is elliptical, up to 100 g. All fruits are the same in size.
