Description description of the best varieties of Siberian cherries, planting and care in open ground

For each region, the cultivation of certain varieties is recommended. Siberian cherries must be frost-resistant and ripen quickly so that early autumn does not ruin the fruits. In addition, trees need to be properly cared for. By following the requirements, you will get an excellent harvest in any conditions.

Climatic conditions of the region

To select the correct variety, you need to know the climate of the region in which the trees will be grown. The peculiarity of the weather conditions of Siberia and the Urals is that the temperature contrast is especially pronounced in the south. Since the average summer temperature there reaches +24 ⁰С, and winter -15 ⁰С. Whereas in the north the summer temperature is +6 ⁰С, the winter temperature is -22 ⁰С.

It is believed that the climate in Siberia is continental or temperate continental. In the central part of the region, the mountain climate predominates, so no one is engaged in gardening there. Another feature of the climate is that throughout the region there is a sharp change in air masses and weather instability.

The varieties selected for this area must be resistant to sudden changes in weather and strong winds.

In the western part there are no strong winds in winter, the weather is mostly dry. When selecting a species for these regions, this feature should be taken into account.

What varieties are recommended to be planted in the Urals and Siberia

It is important not only to know the climate, but also to take them into account when choosing a species for planting. It is advisable to select self-fertile ones. When choosing a type, attention should be paid to:

• frost resistance;
• volume of harvest;
• fruiting period;
• climate change resilience;
• disease resistance;
• ability to withstand strong winds without affecting harvest volume.

A variety that has all these data is sometimes unable to produce a full harvest. Therefore, it is important not only to choose the right variety and take proper care of it.Cherries, like sweet cherries, need to be grown with special attention.

How the tree overwintered is determined by the wood. If mice have damaged it, you should better wrap the trunk for the winter.

Felt cherry

Of all the varieties of cherries, this is the sweetest. Otherwise it is called baby or microcherry. It received such names for the low size of an adult plant. The peculiarity of the tree is that the berries are tender and their pulp is dense. The disadvantage is that the bone is very difficult to separate. Therefore, recycling is difficult.

These cherries are winter-hardy, produce a rich harvest every year and bloom beautifully. General characteristics:

• height 1-3 m;
• flowering 14 days;
• flowers are pink, delicate;
• buds are able to withstand temperatures down to -3 ⁰C without damaging the harvest;
• The berries ripen in the last ten days of June, the cherries do not fall off;
• fruit color from light pink to dark burgundy;
• taste sweet;
• Young seedlings begin to bear fruit at 2-3 years of age;
• harvest volume is 14 kg per bush.

One of the significant disadvantages of the tree is its 5-year fruiting period. Then a strong anti-aging pruning is carried out.

Autumn Virovskaya

This cherry appeared back in 1988 as a result of crossing several varieties.

Description:

• medium height;
• semi-spreading;
• not capable of self-pollination;
• oval crown;
• fruits weigh 3.6 g;
• broad oval shape;
• the color of the berries is dark, slightly pubescent;
• sweet and sour taste;
• the bone does not come off.

The plant calmly tolerates harsh winters and is immune to clasterosporia. The variety is one of the best, according to gardeners.

Princess

A variety of felt cherry, adapted to harsh climatic conditions. It is a decorative decoration for the garden.The berries are sweet, suitable for any method of processing and fresh consumption. Summer residents value it for its productivity and low maintenance requirements.

Description:

• an adult plant reaches 1.5 m;
• no root shoots;
• self-sterility;
• frost-resistant;
• compactness;
• crown is medium thick;
• white flowers;
• large berries;
• fruit shade is pink;
• oval shape;
• weight 4 g;
• the taste is sweet and sour;
• one plant can produce 10 kg of fruit;
• the berries do not stay, they do not tolerate transportation well;
• The berry picking occurs in the last ten days of July.

The peculiarity of the variety is that it perfectly resists coccomycosis, but is affected by moniliosis. Cherry is tree-like and requires constant rejuvenating pruning.

Natalie

The tree, compared to other varieties of felt cherries, grows tall. The harvest is harvested stably; with proper care and proper pruning of branches, high yields of the variety are obtained.

Description:

• height 1.8 m;
• crown ovoid;
• flowers are small, white;
• Harvest occurs on the 20th of July;
• plant yield volume 9 kg;
• bears fruit for the first time in the 2nd year, continues bearing fruit for 16-18 years;
• berries are round, large;
• weight 4 g;
• sweet;
• used for all types of use.

The bushes do not tolerate waterlogging; it is recommended to control moisture levels.

The characteristics of the variety are excellent; summer residents appreciate it for its long fruiting and taste.

Early varieties

Cherry varieties that ripen early are in great demand. This decision is due to the fact that late species often do not have time to mature. Autumn comes early in Siberia and the Urals. There are specially bred early species that are in demand among gardeners.

Brusnitsyna

Familiar to many summer residents.It is valued for the unique taste of its fruits, freshly picked from the branches.

Characteristics:

• an adult plant reaches 2 m;
• bush type plant;
• winter-hardy;
• has average field health;
• self-pollinating;
• the shade of the berries is dark red;
• the taste is rich, with sourness;
• weighs 6 g;
• an adult plant produces 20 kg of berries;
• Fruiting begins in the 3-4th year after planting the seedling;
• in the future it will please the owners for a long time with a high harvest.

Some sources recommend planting Mayak cherries nearby to increase productivity.

Does not require special personal care. Perfectly tolerates any formation. Cherry is able to maintain its shape, since its annual growth is 0.3-0.35 m.

Ural Standard

Summer residents acquire cherries, which produce a harvest in a short time. The variety is fast-growing and has immunity to major crop diseases.

Characteristic:

• an adult plant reaches 2 m;
• the crown is sparse, slightly drooping;
• bush type plant;
• self-sterile;
• the berries are large;
• flat-round shape;
• fruit color is red;
• sweet with sourness;
• harvest volume 7-8 kg per bush;
• are stored averagely.

The most important quality of the Ural Standard is its high frost resistance. Pollinators are planted nearby to help increase harvest volume.

Chocolate girl

The variety got its name due to the rich color of the berries. It is loved by gardeners for its low maintenance requirements and the relatively small size of an adult tree. The harvest from one plant is enough to meet the needs of a family of 5-6 people.

Characteristics:

• an adult plant reaches 2.5 m;
• the crown is compact, slightly spreading;
• frost-resistant;
• high-yielding;
• self-pollinating;
• white flowers;
• berries are shaded red;
• round shape;
• weight 3.5 g;
• sweet and sour;
• are not stored for a long time.

In order to increase productivity, summer residents advise planting varieties nearby that help pollination; the result will be better.

Shpanka

There are several varieties of this variety, they differ in some characteristics:

1. Ripening time.
2. The height of an adult plant.
3. Adaptation to the conditions of different growing regions.

Cherry Shpanka productive and unpretentious. Fruiting occurs in the 5-6th year of tree planting.

Characteristic:

• height 6 m;
• self-sterility;
• frost-resistant;
• the crown is powerful, branched;
• white flowers;
• with a flattened-round shape of berries;
• burgundy color,
• the shade of the pulp is light yellow;
• sweet, with the sourness characteristic of cherries;
• weight 5 g;
• the bone is easy to separate;
• harvest volume 40 kg per plant.

When growing the Shpanka variety, it is recommended to clarify which variety the gardener is going to purchase.

Youth

A relatively young tree species that is becoming a favorite of summer residents. The reason is the compactness and bush type of cherry. The harvest volume is high, the berries are tasty, suitable for any method of use.

Characteristics:

• an adult plant reaches 2-2.5 m;
• crown is round;
• branches are lowered;
• compact;
• self-fertile;
• frost-resistant;
• flowers are white, large;
• fruits are round, fleshy;
• weight 5 g;
• harvest volume 15 kg per tree;
• It begins to bear fruit at the age of 4-5, and with proper care reaches 20 years.

Young cherries have weak immunity, but by using the necessary agrotechnical care methods, the gardener helps fight pathogens.

Mid-season

By providing proper care and performing certain techniques in the conditions of Siberia and the Urals, a harvest is obtained from trees of medium maturity.There is no need to do anything special, water it in a timely manner, remove weeds, feed young and mature trees.

Ashinskaya

It has a long fruiting period, almost 35 years. Virtually low maintenance.

Characteristics:

• an adult plant reaches 3 m;
• self-fertility;
• cylindrical crown;
• the berries are large;
• weight 5 g;
• shade dark red;
• flattened-rounded fruits;
• sweet, have almost no sour taste;
• harvest volume 12 kg per plant;
• easy to transport.

The large number of positive properties of cherries makes them popular among gardeners.

Maksimovskaya

This cherry saw the light of day back in 1985. Now it has become a favorite of gardeners who, observing all norms and requirements, care for the plant.

Characteristics:

• an adult plant reaches 1.5 m;
• the crown is powerful, but compact;
• bears fruit for 35 years;
• frost-resistant;
• unpretentious;
• berries are round;
• The shade of the fruit is dark red;
• sweet and sour taste;
• weight 4.2 g;
• medium storage;
• harvest volume is 15 kg per tree.

The peculiarity of the species is the root system. The main root goes into the ground to a depth of 2.5 m. Accordingly, the tree is not afraid of lack of moisture.

Maksimovskaya cherries are not picky in their care; following the usual norms of agricultural technology, they get the declared harvest.

Trinity

The variety is productive, grows in various forms, and is highly branched. This does not affect the quantity and quality of fruits.

Characteristics:

• an adult plant reaches 1.5-3 m;
• pyramidal crown;
• pink flowers;
• the shape of the fruit is wide-round;
• color dark red;
• weight 4.2 g;
• tasting score 4.2 points;
• the bone is well separated from the pulp;
• ripens at the end of July;
• has average resistance to frost, drought and heat;
• begins to bear fruit from the 4th year of the seedling’s life;
• yield 10 kg per bush;
• the fruits do not crack during mechanical harvesting.

The tree is easily propagated by green cuttings.

Vole Michurina

Due to its unpretentiousness, the tree becomes a favorite for many gardeners. Growing cherries in the garden does not cause any difficulties not only for experienced summer residents, but also for beginners. Thanks to the genes of its ancestor, the field cherry, the tree inherited the genes for endurance.

Characteristics:

• an adult plant reaches 2-2.5 m;
• self-sterile;
• crown is wide;
• white flowers;
• red fruits;
• weight 3.5-4 g;
• the taste is sweet, almost no acid is felt;
• Cherries don't last long.

Thanks to the adopted genes, the Michurina vole is very cold-resistant, resistant to drought and adverse weather conditions.

Morozovka

An excellent variety for Siberia and the Urals. It is characterized by high winter hardiness and immunity to coccomycosis.

Characteristics:

• an adult plant reaches 2.5 m;
• spherical crown;
• white flowers;
• the fruits are large;
• weight 5 g;
• round shape;
• berry color is dark red;
• taste sweet and sour;
• does not last long;
• withstands transportation and retains its marketable appearance.

When caring for a tree, pruning is necessary; this process significantly affects the yield.

Griot Moscow

A relatively old variety that is still popular among gardeners. Cherries are productive, tasty and easy to care for.

Characteristics:

• an adult plant reaches 2.5 m;
• spherical crown with drooping branches;
• fruit weight 3.5 g;
• round shape;
• color red with dark shades;
• self-sterile;
• winter-hardy;
• bears fruit for 16 years;
• yield 9 kg per tree.

The bone is very difficult to separate from the pulp.

Despite the plant’s high resistance to cold, it is recommended to cover the roots and trunk of the tree for the winter.

Late

Despite the short summer and early onset of autumn cold in Siberia, many summer residents grow late-ripening tree varieties. Such varieties must have a high level of resistance to cold and immunity to diseases characteristic of this category of fruit plants.

Precious Carmine

The cherries of this variety are bright red, which is why it got its name. The tree is capable of self-pollination and is frost-resistant.

Description:

• adult plant size 2 m;
• crown is wide;
• fruit shape is oval;
• weight 3.5 g;
• taste sweet and sour;
• Fruiting occurs in the 3rd year;
• the maximum yield per plant is obtained in the 8th year;
• ripens by mid-August.

When the necessary conditions are created, up to 15 kg of cherries are obtained from the tree. But if there is no proper care, then only 4-5 kg.

Subbotinskaya bush

The variety is resistant to heat and drought. It tolerates harsh winters well, thanks to these indicators it is gaining popularity in the gardens of Siberian summer residents.

Description:

• adult plant size 2.5 m;
• spherical crown;
• burgundy bark;
• pink flowers;
• scarlet fruits;
• weight 4.2 g;
• the taste is excellent;
• yield 9 kg per plant.

It is necessary to plant pollinating varieties in the neighborhood, this will help increase the yield of the bushes.

Biryusinka

A high-yielding variety of late-ripening cherries. The average harvest volume per season is 20 kg per bush.

Description:

• adult plant size 2 m;
• crown is wide;
• fruit weight 6 g;
• color dark red;
• The taste is excellent, with sourness.

Excellent for any method of processing and preparation for the winter.

Abundant

Summer residents first heard about it in 1992. The beginning of fruiting occurs in the 3-4th year of life. In subsequent years, the volume of fruit increases.

Description:

• adult plant size 2 m;
• the crown is wide, spreading;
• blooms white;
• fruits are round;
• dark color;
• taste sweet and sour;
• weight 3 g;
• transfer transportation over short distances.

The berries do not ripen at the same time, so they are harvested in parts. The fruits are used for juices, making wine, liqueurs and other processing methods.

Gridnevskaya

Due to its high yield and resistance to cold winters, the variety has become popular in Siberia and the Urals.

Description:

• adult plant size 2.5 m;
• the crown is wide, thickened;
• berry weight 3 g;
• color red;
• characteristic taste;
• The yield of an adult plant is 15 kg.

Sverdlovsk resident

Cherries ripen by mid-August, and if all agricultural technology requirements are met, a good harvest is obtained.

Description:

• adult plant size 2.2 m;
• crown is round;
• blooms white;
• fruits weigh 5 g;
• diameter 17 cm;
• dark berries;
• taste is standard;
• tolerates transportation calmly;
• Fruiting continues for 30 years.

When thickened, the berries become smaller and take longer to ripen. To prevent this, it is recommended to trim the bushes regularly.

Ural Ruby

The variety has been known to summer residents for a long time. He was brought out in 1950. To this day, cherry does not lose its fans, but, on the contrary, gains new ones.

Description:

• mature tree size 1.5 m;
• yield 7 kg per plant;
• fruit shape is round;
• The color of the berries is ruby;
• weight 4 g;
• Fruiting continues for 30 years.

The tree is self-fertile, it is recommended to plant pollinators.

Generous

One of the cherries involved in breeding the variety was steppe cherry. Its genes were fully transferred to the Shchedraya variety.

Description:

• mature tree size 2 m;
• the crown is wide and rounded;
• white flowers;
• the shape of the berries is round;
• weight 4 g;
• color red;
• the bone comes off easily;
• the taste is standard.

The yield of the variety is high; the bush begins to bear fruit in the 3rd year and continues to bear fruit for 30 years.

Robin

The cherry variety known to many summer residents is popular. Gardeners love it for its high, stable yield and ease of care.

Description:

• adult plant size 3.2 m;
• crown is round;
• dark fruits;
• weight 5 g;
• the taste is characteristic, slightly sour;
• drought-resistant;
• frost-resistant;
• yield 13 kg per bush.

There are many varieties zoned for the Urals and Siberia; you need to properly care for them, and the result will not be long in coming.

Planting and caring for a fruit tree

Growing cherries on a plot is a complex process. It is not enough to simply purchase a seedling. It must be planted correctly and then properly cared for. This is the only way to achieve results. It is better to plant the plant in the fall; it will take root better and begin to grow in early spring.

Watering and fertilizing the soil

These agrotechnical techniques, carried out in open ground, depend on the type of fruit tree and the soil composition in the place where the seedlings are planted. Feedings are selected based on what the plant lacks.

Initially, it is necessary to apply complex mineral fertilizers, as well as organic matter. Then, as the bush grows, carefully monitor its appearance. The plant itself will show what it lacks.

An adult tree is fed once every 2 years.

Watering is carried out frequently, but only while the tree is small, then it is reduced to 3-4 times per season.

Foliar feeding

Can be done at any time except winter.Trees are sprayed with nutritional compounds that help plants obtain the necessary supply of minerals.

Through foliage, nutrients spread throughout the tree faster and provide benefits. Thanks to this method of feeding, trees gain strength and grow better.

Urea and potash fertilizers are used. Treated after flowering and fruiting.

Trimming and shaping

These procedures also depend on what variety the gardener is growing. Some cherries need to be pruned already in the second year of life, and some only after the first fruiting.

Sanitary pruning is carried out at any time. Formative in spring or autumn. The cut areas are treated with garden varnish. It is better to prune trees in the spring, since improper pruning in the fall even leads to the death of plants.

Protection from diseases and pests

The fight against diseases of fruit trees is ongoing. It is recommended to carry out preventive treatments. Because treating plants is more difficult than giving cherries food in a timely manner.

Most often fruit trees get sick:

• coccomycosis;
• klyasterosporiosis;
• monoliosis;
• anthracnose and other diseases.

Plants infected with a disease can be easily identified by their appearance. It is enough to carefully inspect the trees and identify changes in time.

Spraying with various chemicals is also carried out against pests. They are effective, but not safe for humans. Therefore, their use is advisable only before flowering and fruit formation. Then they try to use folk remedies to combat insects.

What problems might you encounter?

There are many problems when growing, and it is especially difficult for a beginner to cope with them. But if you familiarize yourself with the advice of experienced summer residents, you can easily cope with any misfortune:

1. The cherry tree doesn't bloom.There are several reasons, perhaps the tree is sick, or it lacks nutrients.
2. Worms in berries. Special treatment is required for pests that lay eggs.
3. Stopping growth. Lack of nutrients, incorrect location, insufficient watering and much more.
4. Fruit drop. The reason is high acidity of the soil. By normalizing the pH, the yield increases.
5. Overgrowth. A common problem for gardeners. They buy cherries that do not sprout, then this problem will disappear immediately. If the cherry is a coppice, then in early spring they find the horizontal root of the cherry and remove the shoots without leaving a stump. The log site is treated with garden varnish.

Growing cherries in the climatic conditions of Siberia and the Urals is quite possible. It is necessary to follow all the rules of planting and growing, and the plant will reward you with a harvest.