In the harsh Ural climate, not every apple tree is ready to grow and bear fruit. But still, there are suitable varieties of fruit trees - they were bred by breeders. One of them is the Pervouralsk apple tree. This plant was eventually noted as the most fruit-bearing of all varieties of fruit trees in the Urals.
Description and characteristics of the variety
A team of Sverdlovsk breeders managed to grow an apple tree of a variety that was not afraid of the cold climate of the Urals.This tree was created thanks to the original Persian variety. This fruit tree gives people its fruits every year by the end of the first autumn month, and they are stored until the onset of warmth after winter. The fruits of this tree have an appetizing appearance and are very tasty.
An additional description of this variety states that the Pervouralskaya apple tree is very resistant to scab, tolerates winter temperatures of -40 °C well, and is resistant to drought.
Characteristics
Experienced gardeners speak very positively about the Pervouralsk apple tree, because there are no shortcomings in this variety. The only thing that is not perceived very positively by impatient tree owners is that the number of fruits increases gradually.
Tree height
This apple tree is considered medium-sized. At the beginning of development, its growth increases rapidly. But its average size reaches 2.5 meters. There are, of course, specimens that grew on the plain and in the absence of other competing trees nearby and reached a height of 4 meters. But this phenomenon occurs rarely.
Crown width
The Pervouralskaya apple tree is a tree with a wide crown that has many leaves. Its branches are medium in size, quite thick and compactly located, their color is dark brown. The leaves are medium in size, rich green in color with smooth leaf blades.
Fruit
The weight of apples reaches 150 g, but it happens that if the plant develops in good conditions, it grows fruits weighing up to 300 g on its crown. All fruits have a regular round shape and a yellow-green color; there are orange and red shades on the sides of the apples. There are barely noticeable dots under the skin of the fruit.
When cut, the apples are creamy in color, their flesh is fine-grained and dense. The fruit gives off a faint apple aroma. Their taste is sweet and sour and rich.
Productivity
The average yield after the peak of fruiting of the Pervouralskaya apple tree reaches approximately 200 c/ha.
Winter hardiness
The breeders who bred this variety for the Ural cold climate zone of Russia took good care of its winter hardiness. And according to gardeners, the Pervouralskaya apple tree is really not afraid of frost if the thermometer does not fall below 40 degrees.
Disease resistance
This fruit tree is immune to many diseases. Scab will not affect any type of variety, because the apple tree is completely resistant to it.
Lifespan of a tree
The Pervouralskaya apple tree develops in such a way that at first its vegetation occurs intensively, but over time it slows down.
With proper care, the fruiting of this variety will last a long time. The largest amount of fruit can be obtained from this tree after 7-10 years, but fruits can be collected from it up to 50 years.
Features of ripening and fruiting
This variety begins to bear fruit in the 5th year of life. The amount of harvest increases gradually, and the fruits themselves grow larger. The fruits on this tree ripen every year.
The fruits are harvested from the Pervouralskaya apple tree in September, and then they ripen until December, after which they are perfectly stored until the end of spring. And if the storage was correct, then until the time of the new harvest.
After fruits are picked and stored, chemical changes occur in them: fiber acquires a certain softness, and organic acids and starches turn into sugars.If apples are picked at the wrong time, the quality of the fruit decreases.
Varietal subspecies
In most cases, the Pervouralskaya apple tree grows as a standard tree; its height can be up to 5 meters. But if the variety was grafted onto rootstocks of low vigor or apple trees that grew on their own, then such a plant will reach a maximum height of 2.5 meters.
Features of cultivation in the regions
Since the Pervouralsk apple tree was bred for the regions of the Urals, it is not afraid of frost. And in other parts of the country with a milder climate, this type of tree will feel great. In other regions of Russia, it will require the same agrotechnical measures and even in smaller quantities as at home. For example: if in the Urals the root system of a tree was mulched to protect it from soil freezing, then in a place with warmer winters this will no longer be necessary.
Among the mandatory procedures that are done when growing the Pervouralskaya apple tree are:
- cutting annual seedlings to half a meter in height;
- formation of four lateral shoots to form skeletal branches;
- tying to a peg at the initial stage of growth to ensure their vertical position;
- Regular application of fertilizers to the tree trunk area.
Experienced gardeners appreciated this fruit tree and named it No. 1 among all varieties of apple trees in the Urals. Therefore, this plant deserves to be planted on the plantations of garden lovers. And the tree, in response to their care, will generously give good harvests.
