Description of the best varieties of pears for the Moscow region, self-fertile, low-growing and disease-resistant

Some gardeners can boast of pear varieties for the Moscow region. Heat-loving trees produce a stable harvest of juicy fruits. But how to achieve sustainable fruiting? How to make a tree produce fruit every year in an unstable climate? First of all, you should pay attention to the variety or hybrid. Many are zoned for the Moscow region and bear fruit successfully. And for others it’s simply a pity to waste space in the garden.

Features of the climate zone

The Moscow region is located in the temperate continental climate zone. It is characterized by uneven distribution of precipitation. It happens that the bulk falls in autumn or spring. And in the summer there is drought. At the beginning of winter, severe frosts are not uncommon, accompanied by a sharp north wind. And in late spring there are recurrent frosts, when the temperature sets below zero for several days.

In such conditions, caring for the southern pear is quite difficult. The tree blooms early, and repeated spring frosts may prevent the flowers from pollinating and destroy the ovaries.

Growing the crop is difficult, since fruit buds are formed in the previous summer and can freeze in winter.

In conditions of a short warm period, it is recommended to plant early-ripening and early-fruiting varieties and hybrids. They begin to produce a stable harvest in the 3rd year of the tree’s life in the garden.

Summer varieties

Summer varieties have a short growing season. They produce early, fully ripened fruits. But their shelf life is short: only 2-3 weeks.

Lada

This is an old variety with medium-sized fruits (up to 110 g). Gardeners are attracted to:

• early fruiting (the tree produces its first fruits after 3 years in the garden);
• self-pollinating;
• resistance to scab;
• frost resistance (fruit buds can withstand temperatures down to -25...-27 degrees);
• productivity (30-40 kg per tree);
• sugary and sour taste of fruit.

But the variety also has disadvantages:

• low shelf life of fruits (pears are stored for 2-2.5 weeks);
• thin skin prevents transportation;
• the pulp has a pronounced graininess;
• low fruit juiciness.

It is important to remember: the presence of a pollinator variety in the garden (Chizhovskaya, Rogneda) increases the fruiting of Lada by 20-30%.

Krasulya

In the garden you can often find Krasulya with slightly ruddy fruits weighing up to 120 g. It is easy to identify by its spreading crown and spines on the branches and trunk. The tree grows up to 4 m.

Gardeners like:

• fruiting on the growth of last and current years;
• sweet taste of fruits (contain 11% sugars);
• resistance to major diseases and pests (scab, mites);
• winter hardiness (fruit buds do not freeze at -25 degrees).

But there are also disadvantages:

• the crown is too spreading (up to 4 m in girth);
• oily consistency of the pulp;
• low keeping quality.

Fruits are delicious fresh. They ripen in the second ten days of August.

August dew

The fruits ripen at the end of August. They have a sweet and sour taste and a slight graininess. Gardeners value the variety for:

• resistance to scab and pests;
• early fruiting (begins to bear fruit in the 3rd year of life in the garden);
• harmonious taste;
• yield (up to 15 kg per tree);
• compactness (rarely grows to 2.5 m);
• resistance to fruit shedding.

Disadvantage: poor transportability due to thin skin and juicy pulp.

It is important to remember: a tree needs a pollinator. To do this, you should plant a Yakovlev Memory tree nearby.

Cathedral

A tall tree (more than 4 m) with a dense crown that requires regular lightening pruning. Gardeners believe that Cathedralnaya is ideal for the Moscow region. Its value:

• frost resistance (withstands short-term temperature drops down to -27 degrees);
• drought resistance;
• annual fruiting;
• good fruit taste (sweet with a sour aftertaste);
• resistance to diseases and pests.

Productivity increases by 30-40% when planting pollinator plants: Lada, Chizhevskaya.

Chizhevskaya

This variety was the most common 10-15 years ago. Chizhevskaya could be found in every garden. The taste of the fruit is quite common: sour, slightly sweet. The pulp is oily, white, granular. But gardeners value the tree for:

• productivity (regularly produces up to 60 kg per tree);
• early fruiting (beginning of fruiting in the 3rd year of life in the garden);
• compactness (the height of an adult pear is 3 m);
• resistance to shedding;
• frost resistance;
• drought resistance;
• fallen fruits do not deteriorate within 1-1.5 weeks.

The fruits make excellent compotes and jams.

Autumn varieties

In the Moscow region, autumn varieties do not fully ripen on trees: they are harvested slightly unripe. And then they arrive in a cool, dark place.

With properly organized storage, pears do not spoil until January.

Muscovite

Muscovite should be planted in the country. It is undemanding to soil and light. Tree value:

• precociousness;
• compactness (height up to 3 m, raised rounded crown);
• annual yield (up to 40 kg per tree);
• resistance to fruit shedding;
• winter hardiness (fruit buds are stored at -27 degrees);
• sweet taste of fruits;
• keeping quality (up to 4 months);
• transportability;
• drought resistance;
• resistance to excessive crown overgrowth.

The fruits make excellent compotes, preserves and jams.

Red-sided

Red-sided grows in almost any soil. And she is undemanding to care. This tree grows more than 4 m. But the crown is resistant to fouling, so lightening pruning is carried out once every 2 years. Plant value:

• frost resistance;
• productivity (up to 80 kg from 1 tree);
• resistance to scab;
• large-fruited (pears reach 180 g);
• excellent taste (sweet, tart, improves after 3-4 days of storage);
• keeping quality (fruits are stored until the New Year);
• productivity (from 1 tree you can collect 1 quintal of fruits);
• universal use of fruits.

But Red-sided is not precocious: it begins to bear fruit in the 7th year of life in the garden.

Elegant Efimova

Early autumn pear. It has very beautiful (elegant) fruits. The taste is sweet, according to the tasting rating - 4.5 points out of 5 possible. The tree is frost-resistant, undemanding to soil, moisture and care. Practically does not get sick and is not damaged by pests.

Hera

The tree has a pyramidal crown. There is practically no thickening. Variety value:

• frost resistance;
• excellent taste and consistency of the fruit;
• long shelf life (up to 5 months);
• resistance to shedding;
• transportability;
• large fruit (up to 200 g);
• rapid restoration of the crown after freezing.

Hera is resistant to fungi and bacterial infections.

Yakovlev's favorite

Yakovlev’s favorite is appreciated for the quince aftertaste of the fruit. Advantages:

• winter hardiness;
• taste;
• beauty of fruits (yellow-pink, ruddy);
• productivity (increases with age).

But Lyubimitsa is not quick-bearing: the gardener receives the first fruits in the 7th year of the tree’s life in the garden.

Fabulous

Pear is distinguished by large fruits (up to 250 g). Practically not affected by scab and mites. The fruits are great for making purees and jams. Among the disadvantages of Fairytale, gardeners note the high crown, from which it is difficult to remove ripe fruits.

Winter varieties

Winter, or late, varieties do not ripen in the Moscow region. The fruits are picked green and kept in the pantry. These winter-hardy trees attract gardeners with their taste and shelf life of the fruit.

Miraculous

Breeders obtained this hybrid as a result of crossing the Daughter of the Dawn and the Talgar beauty.The hybrid has a pyramidal crown that is resistant to overgrowth. The Wonder Woman is different:

• disease resistance;
• stable yield;
• sweet taste of the fruit.

Pears weigh up to 210 g. They last until the New Year.

Extravaganza

This is the best selling pear. Extravaganza Value:

• resistance to shedding;
• keeping quality;
• productivity;
• resistance to diseases and pests.

The fruits have a universal purpose: they are pleasant to eat fresh, and the preparations delight with a refreshing taste.

Novella

Novella was obtained as a result of crossing Bere winter Michurin and Svetlyanka. The tree is spreading, tall (up to 4 m). Advantages of the variety:

• winter hardiness (withstands frosts down to -33 degrees);
• precociousness;
• resistance to fungal diseases;
• stable yield;
• large fruit (up to 180 g);
• excellent taste and consistency of the fruit (4.3 points out of 5 possible).

The variety is rarely found in gardens in the Moscow region.

Nika

The variety was obtained as a result of crossing the Talgar Beauty and the Daughter of the Dawn. From his parents he received the following virtues:

• large fruit (up to 200 g);
• good taste (sweet and sour);
• productivity;
• frost resistance (up to -30 degrees);
• transportability;
• keeping quality.

Among the shortcomings, gardeners note the spreading spherical crown.

Belarusian late

Gardeners speak of the Belorussian late with delight. The value lies in:

• winter hardiness;
• unpretentiousness;
• compactness;
• productivity;
• excellent taste;
• stable fruiting;
• high transportability;
• keeping quality.

But the gardener receives his first harvest in the 6th year after planting the pear in the garden.

The best sweet pear varieties

A ripe pear contains a large amount of sugars, which means it has a sweet taste. But some varieties, even when unripe, are the most delicious.Some of them can be grown in the Moscow region:

• Autumn sweet;
• Buttery sweet;
• Visible (lumpy).

These varieties will delight those with a sweet tooth due to their abundance of sugars.

Varieties resistant to diseases

Breeders are constantly improving the characteristics of pears. They create highly immune varieties that do not suffer from diseases. They demonstrate resistance to rust:

• August dew;
• Spiritual;
• Magician;
• In memory of Yakovlev.

These trees are zoned for the Moscow region.

Columnar varieties for the Moscow region

Columnar pears are increasingly being chosen by gardeners in the Moscow region. The reasons are obvious:

• trees are stunted;
• crown compact, pyramidal;
• early fruiting pears.

And even the relatively low yield, compared to classic varieties, is not an obstacle to purchase. dwarf pear increasingly common in gardens near Moscow.

What varieties are recommended to be planted:

• early winter Dalikor;
• summer decor;
• summer Carmen;
• Honey.

But it is important to consider: columnar varieties age and stop bearing fruit faster than classic ones.

Self-fertile varieties

The pear is a self-fertile tree, that is, it requires a pollinator. This is a variety or hybrid that blooms at the same time as the purchased variety. But recently, self-pollinating varieties and hybrids have become popular. In the Moscow region it is recommended to plant:

• Lada;
• Krasulya;
• August dew;
• Red-sided;
• Muscovite;
• Dressed up Efimova.

But it is important to remember: the presence of a pollinator will increase productivity by 20-30%.

Modern varieties

Breeders are working to improve the characteristics of pears. New varieties and hybrids are appearing. But they will not go on wide sale soon: testing takes a lot of time. In the early 2000s, the State Register for the Central District included:

• Faithful;
• Thumbelina.

These trees are recommended for growing in the Moscow region.

Recommendations for choosing seedlings

Gardeners should remember:

• It is better to plant a pear in the spring (it will have time to build up its root system for the winter);
• the plant must have a fibrous system and 1-2 chopped tap roots (when purchasing seedlings with an open root system);
• the pear needs to be planted in a pre-prepared hole;
• the plant should be tied to a stake and shaded.

The place for the pear should be protected from cold northern and northeastern winds.